MAX2 participates in an SCF complex which acts locally at the node to suppress shoot branching
Abstract
Summary: The Arabidopsis gene ORE9/MAX2 encodes an F‐box leucine‐rich repeat protein. F‐box proteins function as the substrate‐recruiting subunit of SCF‐type ubiquitin E3 ligases in protein ubiquitination. One of several phenotypes of max2 mutants, the highly branched shoot, is identical to mutants at three other MAX loci. Reciprocal grafting, double mutant analysis and gene cloning suggest that all MAX genes act in a common pathway, where branching suppression depends on MAX2 activity in the shoot, in response to an acropetally mobile signal that requires MAX3, MAX4 and MAX1 for its production. Here, we further investigate the site and mode of action of MAX2 in branching. Transcript analysis and a translational MAX2–GUS fusion indicate that MAX2 is expressed throughout the plant, most highly in developing vasculature, and is nuclear‐localized in many cell types. Analysis of cell autonomy shows that MAX2 acts locally, either in the axillary bud, or in adjacent stem or petiole tissue. Expression of MAX2 from the CaMV 35S promoter complements the max2 mutant, does not affect branching in a wild‐type background and partially rescues increased branching in the max1, max3 and max4 backgrounds. Expression of mutant MAX2, lacking the F‐box domain, under the CaMV 35S promoter does not complement max2, and dominant‐negatively affects branching in the wild‐type background. Myc‐epitope‐tagged MAX2 interacts with the core SCF subunits ASK1 and AtCUL1 in planta. We conclude that axillary shoot growth is controlled locally, at the node, by an SCF MAX2, the action of which is enhanced by the mobile MAX signal.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Grafting experiments revealed a class of SL response mutants that could not be complemented by wild type rootstocks, indicating a role in SL perception and signaling rather than biosynthesis.
“Grafting experiments also revealed a class of SL response mutants that could not be complemented by wild type rootstocks (Beveridge et al., 1996; Stirnberg et al., 2007), indicating a role in SL perception and signaling rather than biosynthesis.”
From Shaping plant architecture (2015) · cites this paper as Stirnberg et al., 2007
The Arabidopsis max2 mutant encodes an F-box protein involved in SL signaling.
“An example is the Arabidopsis max2 mutant (Stirnberg et al., 2007) that encodes an F-box protein involved in SL signaling.”
From Shaping plant architecture (2015) · cites this paper as Stirnberg et al., 2007
Cites
The F-box protein TIR1 is an auxin receptor
Dharmasiri, N., Dharmasiri, S., & Estelle, M. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03543 · Cited by 2,083 · see citing works
The SCF ubiquitin ligase: insights into a molecular machine
Cardozo, T., & Pagano, M. (2004) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm1471 · Cited by 1,114 · see citing works
<i>MAX1</i> and <i>MAX2</i> control shoot lateral branching in <i>Arabidopsis</i>
Stirnberg, P., van de Sande, K., & Leyser, H. M. O. (2002) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.129.5.1131 · Cited by 692 · see citing works
Self-citationSorefan, K., Booker, J., Haurogné, K., Goussot, M., Bainbridge, K., Foo, E., Chatfield, S., Ward, S., Beveridge, C., Rameau, C., et al. (2003) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.256603 · Cited by 604 · see citing works
Self-citationMorris, S. E., Turnbull, C. G. N., Murfet, I. C., & Beveridge, C. A. (2001) · Plant Physiology · doi:10.1104/pp.126.3.1205 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Morris, D. A. (1977) · Planta · doi:10.1007/bf00387930 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Beveridge, C. A., Symons, G. M., & Turnbull, C. G. N. (2000) · Plant Physiology · doi:10.1104/pp.123.2.689 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Li, C., & Bangerth, F. (1999) · Physiologia Plantarum · doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1999.106409.x · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Wasternack, C., & Hause, B. (2013) · Annals of Botany · doi:10.1093/aob/mct067 · Cited by 2,629 · see citing works
Strigolactone inhibition of shoot branching
Gomez-Roldan, V., Fermas, S., Brewer, P. B., Puech-Pagès, V., Dun, E. A., Pillot, J.-P., Letisse, F., Matusova, R., Danoun, S., Portais, J.-C., et al. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07271 · Cited by 2,281 · see citing works
Strigolactones affect lateral root formation and root-hair elongation in Arabidopsis
Kapulnik, Y., Delaux, P.-M., Resnick, N., Mayzlish-Gati, E., Wininger, S., Bhattacharya, C., Séjalon-Delmas, N., Combier, J.-P., Bécard, G., Belausov, E., et al. (2011) · Planta · doi:10.1007/s00425-010-1310-y · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Shinohara, N., Taylor, C., & Leyser, O. (2013) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001474 · Cited by 438 · see citing works
Strigolactones enhance competition between shoot branches by dampening auxin transport
Crawford, S., Shinohara, N., Sieberer, T., Williamson, L., George, G., Hepworth, J., Müller, D., Domagalska, M. A., & Leyser, O. (2010) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.051987 · Cited by 384 · see citing works
Self-citationHormonal control of shoot branching
Ongaro, V., & Leyser, O. (2007) · Journal of Experimental Botany · doi:10.1093/jxb/erm134 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Molecular mechanism of strigolactone perception by DWARF14
Nakamura, H., Xue, Y.-L., Miyakawa, T., Hou, F., Qin, H.-M., Fukui, K., Shi, X., Ito, E., Ito, S., Park, S.-H., et al. (2013) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms3613 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Multiple pathways regulate shoot branching
Rameau, C., Bertheloot, J., Leduc, N., Andrieu, B., Foucher, F., & Sakr, S. (2015) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2014.00741 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Sun, S., Zhu, W., Jia, K., Yang, H., & Wang, X. (2013) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2013.11.010 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Strigolactones and the control of plant development: lessons from shoot branching
Waldie, T., McCulloch, H., & Leyser, O. (2014) · The Plant Journal · doi:10.1111/tpj.12488 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Teichmann, T., & Muhr, M. (2015) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.00233 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
“An example is the Arabidopsis max2 mutant (Stirnberg et al., 2007) that encodes an F-box protein involved in SL signaling.”
BackgroundSuppression of sorghum axillary bud outgrowth by shade, phyB and defoliation signalling pathways
KEBROM, T. H., BRUTNELL, T. P., & FINLAYSON, S. A. (2009) · Plant, Cell & Environment · doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.02050.x · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Using Arabidopsis to Study Shoot Branching in Biomass Willow
Ward, S. P., Salmon, J., Hanley, S. J., Karp, A., & Leyser, O. (2013) · Plant Physiology · doi:10.1104/pp.113.218461 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Stirnberg, P., Furner, I. J., & Ottoline Leyser, H. M.
- Affiliations
- University of York (GB)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Venue
- The Plant Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-03-05
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 80-94
- ISSN
- 0960-7412 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-313X
- OpenAlex
- W1927613538
- Cited by
- 429
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 23.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Plant Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Light effects on plants
- Keywords
- MAX2, F-box protein, SCF ubiquitin ligase, axillary buds, leucine-rich repeat proteins, cell autonomy, ASK1, ubiquitination, Arabidopsis thaliana
- MeSH terms
- Carrier Proteins, Protein Binding, Arabidopsis, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Plant Shoots, Arabidopsis Proteins, SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases, Immunoprecipitation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
