The DOI matches its Crossref record; 295 of the 295 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The aging of the immune system
Open accessAbstract
An age-related decline in immune functions, referred to as immunosenescence, is partially responsible for the increased prevalence and severity of infectious diseases, and the low efficacy of vaccination in elderly persons. Immunosenescence is characterized by a decrease in cell-mediated immune function as well as by reduced humoral immune responses. Age-dependent defects in T- and B-cell function coexist with age-related changes within the innate immune system. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms and consequences of age-associated immune alterations as well as their implications for health in old age.
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In the citing paper
“The innate immune response also declines with age.”
From Evolution of the immune system in humans from infancy to old age (2015) · cites this paper as [81]
In the citing paper
“Similarly, ageing macrophages have a decreased respiratory burst.”
From Evolution of the immune system in humans from infancy to old age (2015) · cites this paper as [81]
Citations
Cites
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“As phagocytosis of apoptotic cells results in an anti-inflammatory response, [82] this decreased ability to phagocytose may contribute to the pro-inflammatory background observed in elderly individuals.”
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Evolution of the immune system in humans from infancy to old age
Simon, A. K., Hollander, G. A., & McMichael, A. (2015) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.3085 · Cited by 1,796
Proinflammatory Cytokines, Aging, and Age-Related Diseases
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Molecular and physiological manifestations and measurement of aging in humans
Khan, S. S., Singer, B. D., & Vaughan, D. E. (2017) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.12601 · Cited by 530
Metadata
- Authors
- Weiskopf, D., Weinberger, B., & Grubeck-Loebenstein, B.
- Affiliations
- Universität Innsbruck (AT)
- Venue
- Transplant International
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2009-11
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1041-1050
- ISSN
- 0934-0874 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-2277
- OpenAlex
- W1981904722
- Cited by
- 908
- References
- 295
- Citations by year
- 2026: 35 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 63 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 49 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 62 · 2012: 51
- FWCI
- 3.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- epub.oeaw.ac.at
- Licence
- Locations
- Transplant International (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon online (Institut für kunst- und musikhistorische Forschungen der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Austrian Biographical Dictionary (Austrian Academy of Sciences) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- immunosenescence, aging, immune system, cell-mediated immunity, humoral immunity, T cell function, B cell function, innate immunity
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Antibody Formation, Dendritic Cells, Disease Susceptibility, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Humans, Immune System, Immunity, Cellular, Immunity, Innate, Infections, Macrophages, Neutrophils, Vaccination, Lymphocyte Subsets, Lymphopoiesis, Myelopoiesis
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