The aging of the immune system

Oxidants, oxidative stress and the biology of ageing

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Inflamm‐aging: An Evolutionary Perspective on Immunosenescence

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OPGL is a key regulator of osteoclastogenesis, lymphocyte development and lymph node organogenesis.

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Macrophages that have ingested apoptotic cells in vitro inhibit proinflammatory cytokine production through autocrine/paracrine mechanisms involving TGF-beta, PGE2, and PAF.

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Osteoprotegerin-deficient mice develop early onset osteoporosis and arterial calcification.

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Evolution of the immune system in humans from infancy to old age

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Proinflammatory Cytokines, Aging, and Age-Related Diseases

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The ageing haematopoietic stem cell compartment

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Innate immunosenescence: Effect of aging on cells and receptors of the innate immune system in humans

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Molecular and physiological manifestations and measurement of aging in humans

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T cell subset-specific susceptibility to aging

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The immune system and aging: A review

Castelo-Branco, C., & Soveral, I. (2014) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.3109/09513590.2013.852531 · Cited by 449

SenNet recommendations for detecting senescent cells in different tissues

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Immunosenescence in aging: Between immune cells depletion and cytokines up-regulation

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SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and the aging immune system

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Aging and Immune Function: Molecular Mechanisms to Interventions

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Aging‐dependent changes of microglial cells and their relevance for neurodegenerative disorders

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Apoptosis and other immune biomarkers predict influenza vaccine responsiveness

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Defective signaling in the JAK-STAT pathway tracks with chronic inflammation and cardiovascular risk in aging humans

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Mechanisms of lung aging

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Blockade of PD‐1 or p38 MAP kinase signaling enhances senescent human CD8+ T‐cell proliferation by distinct pathways

Henson, S. M., Macaulay, R., Riddell, N. E., Nunn, C. J., & Akbar, A. N. (2015) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.201445312 · Cited by 146

. Persistent viral infections and immune aging.

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The Role of Immunosenescence in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Costantini, E., D’Angelo, C., & Reale, M. (2018) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2018/6039171 · Cited by 133

Immunomodulatory effects of a probiotic drink containing Lactobacillus casei Shirota in healthy older volunteers

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Booster vaccination in the elderly: Their success depends on the vaccine type applied earlier in life as well as on pre-vaccination antibody titers

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Effects of Soluble Corn Fiber Alone or in Synbiotic Combination with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and the Pilus-Deficient Derivative GG-PB12 on Fecal Microbiota, Metabolism, and Markers of Immune Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study in Healthy Elderly (Saimes Study)

Costabile, A., Bergillos-Meca, T., Rasinkangas, P., Korpela, K., de Vos, W. M., & Gibson, G. R. (2017) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.01443 · Cited by 94

Nutrition, diet and immunosenescence

Maijó, M., Clements, S. J., Ivory, K., Nicoletti, C., & Carding, S. R. (2014) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2013.12.003 · Cited by 85

Aging affects B‐cell antigen receptor repertoire diversity in primary and secondary lymphoid tissues

Tabibian‐Keissar, H., Hazanov, L., Schiby, G., Rosenthal, N., Rakovsky, A., Michaeli, M., Shahaf, G. L., Pickman, Y., Rosenblatt, K., Melamed, D., et al. (2016) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.201545586 · Cited by 84

The Impact of Age on the Efficacy of 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Elderly

van Werkhoven, C. H., Huijts, S. M., Bolkenbaas, M., Grobbee, D. E., & Bonten, M. J. M. (2015) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/civ686 · Cited by 80

Elderly men with moderate and intense training lifestyle present sustained higher antibody responses to influenza vaccine

de Araújo, A. L., Silva, L. C. R., Fernandes, J. R., Matias, M. D. S. T., Boas, L. S., Machado, C. M., Garcez-Leme, L. E., & Benard, G. (2015) · AGE · doi:10.1007/s11357-015-9843-4 · Cited by 67

Senescence and the Aging Immune System as Major Drivers of Chronic Kidney Disease

Schroth, J., Thiemermann, C., & Henson, S. M. (2020) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.564461 · Cited by 59

T cells from elderly persons respond to neoantigenic stimulation with an unimpaired IL-2 production and an enhanced differentiation into effector cells

Gomez, I., Marx, F., Gould, E. A., & Grubeck-Loebenstein, B. (2004) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2003.11.018 · Cited by 22

Age-related differences in polyfunctional T cell responses

Van Epps, P., Banks, R., Aung, H., Betts, M. R., & Canaday, D. H. (2014) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/1742-4933-11-14 · Cited by 22

Long-term administration of pDC stimulative lactic acid bacteria, Lactococcus lactis strain Plasma, prevents immune-senescence and decelerates individual senescence

Tsuji, R., Komano, Y., Ohshio, K., Ishii, N., & Kanauchi, O. (2018) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2018.06.028 · Cited by 20

The combined molecular adjuvant CASAC enhances the CD8+ T cell response to a tumor-associated self-antigen in aged, immunosenescent mice

Tye, G. J., Ioannou, K., Amofah, E., Quartey-Papafio, R., Westrop, S. J., Krishnamurthy, P., Noble, A., Harrison, P. M., Gaensler, K. M. L., Barber, L. D., et al. (2015) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/s12979-015-0033-0 · Cited by 12

Immunity, stem cells, and aging

Devaraj, E., Anbalagan, M., Ileng Kumaran, R., & Bhaskaran, N. (2021) · Stem Cells and Aging · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820071-1.00006-2 · Cited by 8

Modulation of blood pressure by estrogen: A modeling analysis

Layton, A. T. (2026) · Mathematical Biosciences · doi:10.1016/j.mbs.2025.109610 · Cited by 1

Effects of Physical Exercise on Markers of Cellular Immunosenescence: A Systematic Review

Dinh, H. C., Beyer, I., Mets, T. F., Onyema, O. O., Njemini, R., Renmans, W., Waele, M. D., Jochmans, K., Meeren, S. V., & Bautmans, I. (2016) · Calcified Tissue International · doi:10.1007/s00223-016-0212-9 · Cited by 73

HIV Infection-Related Premature Immunosenescence: High Rates of Immune Exhaustion After Short Time of Infection

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Nutrition, diet and immunosenescence

Maijó, M., Clements, S. J., Ivory, K., Nicoletti, C., & Carding, S. R. (2014) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2013.12.003 · Cited by 85

Diet and Immunosenescence

Accardi, G., Balistreri, C. R., Caruso, C., & Candore, G. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-39495-9_21

Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Role for Immunosenescence?

Lindström, T. M., & Robinson, W. H. (2010) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02965.x · Cited by 124