Clinical and neuropathological findings in a patient with familial Alzheimer disease showing a mutation in the PSEN1 gene
Abstract
Over 100 mutations have been described in the presenilin-1 gene (PSEN1), resulting in familial Alzheimer disease (AD). However, of the limited number of autopsy cases, only one has been reported from an AD family with an L420R PSEN1 mutation. We describe here clinical and neuropathological features of a patient with dementia-parkinsonism from a family with a PSEN1 mutation (L420R). A 43-year-old Japanese woman was autopsied 12 years after the onset of her progressive dementia and 4 years after the onset of parkinsonism. Throughout the neocortex and hippocampus, cotton wool plaques were identified, densely packed, in almost all the cortical layers along with neuronal loss, gliosis, NFT and neuropil threads. In addition, CAA affecting meningeal, subpial and cortical arterioles was found, as well as amyloid β-protein (Aβ)-deposition in the capillaries (capillary CAA) in the neocortex and subcortical nuclei. There was loss of pigmented neurons in the substantia nigra. The putamen was densely packed with diffuse plaques and rarely showed capillary CAA, whereas the globus pallidus showed extensive capillary CAA but no plaques. This differential distribution is similar to that reported for a previous patient with a mutation in PSEN1. It is concluded that neuropathological changes in the substantia nigra and lenticular nuclei were responsible for the patient's parkinsonism. Capillary transport of Aβ unique to the respective tissue of the patient may result in the differential distrib…
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To date, 228 PSEN1 mutations have been identified causing ADAD.
“To date, 228 PSEN1 mutations have been identified causing ADAD (49, 303, 304, 440, 566, 580).”
From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [440]
Human PSEN1 mutation carriers have notable BBB breakdown and cerebrovascular dysfunction including cerebellar amyloid angiopathy and CAA, disrupted meningeal, subpial, and cortical arterioles, degeneration of pericytes and SMCs, cerebral perivascular amyloid deposits, and diminished FDG transport across the BBB in an early asymptomatic stage.
“Human PSEN1 mutation carriers have notable BBB breakdown and cerebrovascular dysfunction including cerebellar amyloid angiopathy and CAA (143, 183, 274, 280, 354, 389, 440, 500, 544, 573, 639, 668); disrupted meningeal, subpial, and cortical arterioles (274, 389, 440); degeneration of pericytes and SMCs (573); cerebral perivascular amyloid deposits (25, 274, 289, 354, 573, 668); and diminished FDG”
From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [440]
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- Authors
- Niwa, A., Matsuo, K., Shindo, A., Yata, K., Shiraishi, T., & Tomimoto, H.
- Affiliations
- Mie University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Niwa, Atsushi
- Venue
- Neuropathology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-08-12
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 199-203
- ISSN
- 0919-6544 (ISSN-L)
- 1440-1789
- OpenAlex
- W2096211653
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research
- Keywords
- familial Alzheimer's disease, PSEN1 mutations, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, amyloid-beta deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, putamen, globus pallidus
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Brain, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Mutation, Fatal Outcome, Presenilin-1
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