Cited by 330Smoking Behavior and CessationNicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors StudyPrenatal Substance Exposure Effects

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Smoking and structural brain deficits: a volumetric MR investigation

Gallinat, Jürgen, Meisenzahl, Eva, Jacobsen, Leslie K., Kalus, Peter, Bierbrauer, Jeffrey, Kienast, Thorsten, Witthaus, Henning, Leopold, Karolina, Seifert, Frank, Schubert, Florian, Staedtgen, Mario·2006·European Journal of Neuroscience

DOI 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.05050.x

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Abstract

Growing evidence from animal studies indicates brain‐damaging properties of nicotine exposure. Investigations in humans found a wide range of functional cerebral effects of nicotine and cigarette smoking, but studies focusing on brain damage are sparse. In 22 smokers and 23 never‐smokers possible differences of the cerebral structures were investigated using magnetic resonance imaging and voxel‐based morphometry. Significantly smaller grey matter volume and lower grey matter density (P = 0.05, corrected) were observed in the frontal regions (anterior cingulate, prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex), the occipital lobe and the temporal lobe including parahippocampal gyrus, in smokers than in never‐smokers. Group differences of either grey matter volume or grey matter density were also found in the thalamus, cerebellum and substantia nigra, among other regions. Smokers did not show greater volumes than never‐smokers in any cerebral region. Magnitude of lifetime exposure to tobacco smoke (pack‐years) was inversely correlated with volume of frontal and temporal lobes and cerebellum (P = 0.001, uncorrected). The data indicate structural deficits of several cortical and subcortical regions in smokers relative to never‐smokers. The topographic profile of the group differences show some similarities to brain networks known to mediate drug reinforcement, attention and working memory processing. The present findings may explain in part the frequently reported cognitive dysfunctions in chronic cigarette consumers.

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Authors: Gallinat, J., Meisenzahl, E., Jacobsen, L. K., Kalus, P., Bierbrauer, J., Kienast, T., Witthaus, H., Leopold, K., Seifert, F., Schubert, F., & Staedtgen, M.
Affiliations: St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus (DE)
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
Yale University (US)
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (DE)
ORCID: Gallinat, Jürgen
Meisenzahl, Eva
Leopold, Karolina
Seifert, Frank
Venue: European Journal of Neuroscience
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2006-09
Volume: 24
Issue: 6
Pages: 1744-1750
ISSN: 0953-816X (ISSN-L)
1460-9568
DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.05050.x
OpenAlex: W2166367939
Cited by: 330
References: 87
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 23
FWCI: 5.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 20 d)
Locations: European Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
Keywords: cigarette smoking, nicotine, brain structure, gray matter volume, gray matter density, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parahippocampal gyrus, thalamus, cerebellum, substantia nigra, pack-years, cognitive impairment
MeSH terms: Adult, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Smoking

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Smoking and structural brain deficits: a volumetric MR investigation

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