Cited by 476Psychological Testing and AssessmentPsychometric Methodologies and TestingPersonality Traits and Psychology

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STEPHENSON, W.·1935·Journal of Personality

DOI 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1935.tb02022.x

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Items 101–200 of 476

By-Person Factor Analysis in Clinical Ethical Decision Making: Q Methodology in End-of-Life Care Decisions
Wong, W., Eiser, A. R., Mrtek, R. G., & Heckerling, P. S. (2004) · The American Journal of Bioethics · doi:10.1080/15265160490505506 · Cited by 31
“features of each factor and working labels are often prepared ( Stephenson 1935; 1953; McKeown and Thomas 1988; Brown 1986; Mrtek, Tafesse, and Wigger 1996; Barbosa et al. 1998; Stenner, Dancey, and Watts 2000; see also the Q methodology website, http://www.qmethod.org).”
Background
What Deserve Studying the Most? A Q‐Methodology Approach to Explore Stakeholders' Perspectives on Research Priorities in GenAI ‐Supported Second Language Education
Wu, H., & Pan, Z. (2024) · European Journal of Education · doi:10.1111/ejed.12898 · Cited by 32
Q sample construction: a novel approach incorporating a Delphi technique to explore opinions about codeine dependence
Kirschbaum, M., Barnett, T., & Cross, M. (2019) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-019-0741-9 · Cited by 31
Landholders' perceptions on legal reserves and agricultural intensification: Diversity and implications for forest conservation in the eastern Brazilian Amazon
Pinillos, D., Poccard-Chapuis, R., Bianchi, F. J. J. A., Corbeels, M., Timler, C. J., Tittonell, P., R. Ballester, M. V., & Schulte, R. P. (2021) · Forest Policy and Economics · doi:10.1016/j.forpol.2021.102504 · Cited by 32
“To assess these perceptions, we applied Q methodology, a method developed in the field of psychology to understand individuals ’ subjective viewpoints based on quantitative and qualitative data (Stephenson, 1935; Brown, 1993, 1996).”
Method
Policy diffusion in arid Basin water management: a Q method approach in the Murray–Darling Basin, Australia
Lynch, A. H., Adler, C. E., & Howard, N. C. (2014) · Regional Environmental Change · doi:10.1007/s10113-014-0602-3 · Cited by 30
“Q methodology Q methodology (Stephenson 1935a, b) represents an ensemble of technique and philosophical framework that facilitates the study of subjectivity; indeed, this approach gives ‘‘substance to the logic of preference’’ (Brown 1980, p. 53).”
Method
A Test of Birkhoff'S Aesthetic Measure
J. G. Beebe-Center, & Pratt, C. C. (1937) · The Journal of General Psychology · doi:10.1080/00221309.1937.9918004 · Cited by 30
Introduction to William Stephenson's Quest for a Science of Subjectivity
Good, J. M. M. (2010) · Psychoanalysis and History · doi:10.3366/pah.2010.0006 · Cited by 29
ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF POLICY CONFLICT IN THE ILLINOIS RIVER WATERSHED IN OKLAHOMA: AN APPLICATION OF Q METHODOLOGY[1]
Focht, W. (2002) · International Journal of Public Administration · doi:10.1081/pad-120013349 · Cited by 29
“[12] Instead, factor analysis of people's own expressions of their subjectivities, as captured in their concourse of communication and revealed through the Q sorting of representative statements obtained from the concourse, is more appropriate to explore subjective meaning (Verstehen).”
Background
Procedures for testing some aspects of the content validity of the psychodynamic functioning Scales and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale
Bøgwald, K., & Dahlbender, R. W. (2004) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1093/ptr/kph038 · Cited by 27
Self-descriptions: Configurations of content and order effects.
Jones, R., Sensenig, J., & Haley, J. V. (1974) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0036674 · Cited by 27
The Agony of Choice Analyzing User Preferences Regarding Gamification Elements in Learning Management SystemsPreprint
Schöbel, S., Söllner, M., & Leimeister, J. M. (2016) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3159163 · Cited by 30
“Q-methodology is a method that is used in psychology and social sciences to rate how people think about a topic, which is why we decided not to use this method (Stephenson 1935).”
Method
Belief patterns of entrepreneurship: exploring cross-cultural logics
Valliere, D. (2017) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-12-2015-0297 · Cited by 27
Needs of Persons with Severe Intellectual Disabilities: a Q‐Methodological Study of Clients with Severe Behavioural Disorders and Severe Intellectual Disabilities
Kreuger, L., van Exel, J. N. A., & Nieboer, A. P. (2007) · Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1111/j.1468-3148.2007.00408.x · Cited by 26
“Q-methodology is a relatively new method within the health sciences, but has been in existence for around 70 years (Stephenson 1935) and has already been widely used in a wide range of topic areas (Stenner et al.”
Method
Applying Q methodology to teacher evaluation research
Rodl, J. E., Cruz, R. A., & Knollman, G. A. (2020) · Studies In Educational Evaluation · doi:10.1016/j.stueduc.2020.100844 · Cited by 25
Perceptions of team workers in youth care of what makes teamwork effective
Buljac‐Samardžić, M., van Wijngaarden, J. D. H., van Wijk, K. P., & van Exel, J. N. A. (2010) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2524.2010.00978.x · Cited by 28
“Although Q methodology was introduced about 75 years ago (Stephenson 1935), it is still relatively novel to many in health services research.”
Method
Typologies of Professional Identity Among Graduating Baccalaureate‐Prepared Nurses
Hensel, D. (2013) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/jnu.12052 · Cited by 25
Attitudes among stakeholders towards compulsory mental health care in Norway
Diseth, R. R., Bøgwald, K., & Høglend, P. A. (2010) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2010.11.001 · Cited by 25
Refining national culture and entrepreneurship: the role of subcultural variation
Valliere, D. (2019) · Journal of global entrepreneurship research · doi:10.1186/s40497-019-0172-4 · Cited by 25
Exploring subjective constructions of health in China: a Q-methodological investigation
Mao, Z., Ahmed, S., Graham, C. D., & Kind, P. (2020) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s12955-020-01414-z · Cited by 24
Valuing unfamiliar Mediterranean deep-sea ecosystems using visual Q-methodology
Zanoli, R., Carlesi, L., Danovaro, R., Mandolesi, S., & Naspetti, S. (2015) · Marine Policy · doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2015.08.009 · Cited by 25
Bibliography on Q Technique and its Methodology
Brown, S. R. (1968) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1968.26.2.587 · Cited by 24
Envisioning the driverless city using backcasting and Q-methodology
González-González, E., Cordera, R., Stead, D., & Nogués, S. (2022) · Cities · doi:10.1016/j.cities.2022.104159 · Cited by 24
Justice, science, or collaboration: divergent perspectives on Indigenous cultural water in Australia's Murray–Darling Basin
Bischoff-Mattson, Z., Lynch, A. H., & Joachim, L. (2018) · Water Policy · doi:10.2166/wp.2018.145 · Cited by 23
“Q method (Stephenson, 1935; 1953) represents an analytic technique and framework for studying subjectivity.”
Family Counseling in the Netherlands for Turkish-Origin Parents of Deaf Children With a Cochlear Implant
Wiefferink, C. H., Vermeij, B. A. M., & Uilenburg, N. N. (2012) · American annals of the deaf · doi:10.1353/aad.2012.1601 · Cited by 22
What treatment outcomes matter most? A Q-study of outcome priority profiles among youth with lived experience of depression
Krause, K. R., Edbrooke-Childs, J. H., Bear, H. A., Calderón, A., & Wolpert, M. (2021) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-021-01839-x · Cited by 23
Researching Values
Espedal, G., Løvaas, B. J., Sirris, S., & Wæraas, A. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-90769-3 · Cited by 39
The Role of Multistakeholder Platforms in Environmental Governance: Analyzing Stakeholder Perceptions in Kalomo District, Zambia, Using Q-Method
Siangulube, F. S. (2023) · Environmental Management · doi:10.1007/s00267-023-01806-z · Cited by 21
“Introduced by Stephenson in the 1930s, the Q-methodology is used to identify shared attitudes, perceptions, and preferences among groups on a speci ﬁ c subject (Stephenson 1935).”
Method
Exploring preschool teachers' perspectives on linguistic diversity: A Q study
Sung, P., & Akhtar, N. (2017) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2017.03.004 · Cited by 21
Psychological Mechanisms of Deliberative Transformation: The Role of Group Identity
Dryzek, J. S., Gastil, J., Batalha, L., & Niemeyer, S. (2020) · Journal of Deliberative Democracy · doi:10.16997/jdd.313 · Cited by 21
“We employed Q methodology (Brown, 1980; Stephenson, 1935) to measure participants’ understandings of and preferences for a particular type of political system.”
Method
Research Report: Self-harming behaviour: from lay perceptions to clinical practice
Rayner, G., & Warner, S. (2003) · Counselling Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1080/0951507032000156862 · Cited by 21
“Q methodology (Stevenson, 1935), a pattern analytic technique, has been chosen for this study as it allows access to layers of individually and collectively shared meaning without sacrificing ‘scientific rigour’.”
Method
Smokers’ Representations of Their Own Smoking: A Q-Methodological Study
Collins, P., Maguire, M., & O’Dell, L. (2002) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105302007006868 · Cited by 20
“The completed Q grids are factor analysed, using Stephenson’s (1935) reworking of Spearman’s analysis, so that each Q grid is analysed in relation to each other grid.”
Method
The history of dynamic approaches to personality
Revelle, W., & Wilt, J. A. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813995-0.00001-7 · Cited by 29
Can Clinicians Predict Individual Behavior?
Dymond, R. F. (1953) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1953.tb01804.x · Cited by 20
Stakeholders’ Attitudes about the Transplantations of the Mediterranean Seagrass Posidonia oceanica as a Habitat Restoration Measure after Anthropogenic Impacts: A Q Methodology Approach
Zenone, A., Pipitone, C., D’Anna, G., et al. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su132112216 · Cited by 19
Operationalizing contested problem-solution spaces: The case of Dutch circular construction
Wiarda, M., Coenen, T. B. J., & Doorn, N. (2023) · Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions · doi:10.1016/j.eist.2023.100752 · Cited by 25
Venture Capital Decision-Making and the Cultures of Risk: An Application of Q Methodology to US and UK Innovation Clusters
Babcock-Lumish, T. L. (2005) · Competition & Change · doi:10.1179/102452905x55930 · Cited by 19
“KEY WORDS Angel investment, Decision-making, Entrepreneurship, Financial geography, Q methodology, Venture capital.”
Q-methodologie, een werkelijke mix van kwalitatief en kwantitatief onderzoek?
Jedeloo, S., & van Staa, A. (2009) · KWALON · doi:10.5117/2009.014.002.002 · Cited by 19
The Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure-200 as a basis for modifying DSM personality disorder categories.
Wood, J. M., Garb, H. N., Nezworski, M. T., & Koren, D. (2007) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.116.4.823 · Cited by 19
Using Q‐methodology to determine students' perceptions of interprofessional anatomy education
Mackinnon, C., Akhtar‐Danesh, N., Palombella, A. S., et al. (2021) · Anatomical Sciences Education · doi:10.1002/ase.2109 · Cited by 18
The benefits of Q + PPGIS for coupled human-natural systems research: A systematic review
Johnson, M. S., Adams, V. M., Byrne, J., & Harris, R. M. B. (2022) · AMBIO · doi:10.1007/s13280-022-01709-z · Cited by 18
“While Stephenson (1935) and others boasted this claim to objectivity with Q, in more recent studies this claim has been abandoned in favour of viewing the individual responses as solely points of identification (Druschke et al. 2019).”
BackgroundMethod
The orchestrated digital inequalities of the IoT: How vendor lock-in hinders and playfulness creates IoT benefits in every life
van der Zeeuw, A., van Deursen, A. J. A. M., & Jansen, G. (2022) · New Media & Society · doi:10.1177/14614448221138075 · Cited by 18
“Stephenson (1935) proposed clustering participants rather than variables by transposing the data table, which has been a staple in Q methodology (Watts and Stenner, 2012).”
Methodological Pluralism in Theory and in Practice: The Case for Q in the Community
Lazard, L., Capdevila, R., & Roberts, A. (2011) · Qualitative Research in Psychology · doi:10.1080/14780887.2011.572749 · Cited by 18
Conceptions of female political representation
Coffé, H. (2012) · Women s Studies International Forum · doi:10.1016/j.wsif.2012.05.004 · Cited by 18
A Q methodology study of perceptions of poverty among midwestern nursing students
Work, J., Hensel, D., & Decker, K. A. (2014) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2014.10.017 · Cited by 17
Using Q methodology to facilitate the establishment of the 2030 vision for the EU organic sector
Zanoli, R., Cuoco, E., Barabanova, Y., Mandolesi, S., & Naspetti, S. (2018) · Organic Agriculture · doi:10.1007/s13165-018-0207-0 · Cited by 17
“Q methodology (Stephenson, 1935; Brown, 1980; McKeown and Thomas, 2013) is used for the systematic study of human subjectivity.”
The experience of working with people that hoard: a Q-sort exploration
Holden, K., Kellett, S., Davies, J., & Scott, S. (2016) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.3109/09638237.2016.1167851 · Cited by 17
“Q-Methodology gains access to subjective viewpoints (Stephenson, 1935) and applies unique psychometric Correspondence: Dr Stephen Kellett, Consultant Clinical Psychologist, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.”
Background
‘Creative’ and Participatory Visual Approaches in Audience Research
Lobinger, K. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-40700-5_15 · Cited by 17
She’s so vain? A Q study of selfies and the curation of an online self
Lazard, L., & Capdevila, R. (2020) · New Media & Society · doi:10.1177/1461444820919335 · Cited by 17
“Methodology Q methodology was developed by William Stephenson (1935) as a means of studying subjectivity but more recently described by Steven R Brown (1980) and Watts and Stenner (2012).”
Method
What are the ideas and motivations of bureaucrats within a religiously contested society?
O’Connor, K. (2015) · International Review of Administrative Sciences · doi:10.1177/0020852315574996 · Cited by 16
“This paves the way for the generation of bureaucrat typologies or, as Stephenson (1935) would have termed them, ‘clusters of subjectivity’.”
Background
InQuiry: A Participatory Approach for Understanding Stakeholder Perceptions
Militello, M., Janson, C., & Tonissen, D. (2016) · The Foundation Review · doi:10.9707/1944-5660.1286 · Cited by 16
Understanding the diversity of user requirements for interactive online health services
Banna, S. A., Hasan, H. M., & Dawson, P. (2016) · International Journal of Healthcare Technology and Management · doi:10.1504/ijhtm.2016.078371 · Cited by 16
On the subject of typology: How Irish coastal communities' subjectivities reveal intrinsic values towards coastal environments
Farrell, D., Carr, L. M., & Fahy, F. (2017) · Ocean & Coastal Management · doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2017.06.017 · Cited by 17
Culling from the actors’ perspectives—Decision-making criteria for culling in Québec dairy herds enrolled in a veterinary preventive medicine program
Haine, D., Cue, R. I., Sewalem, A., Wade, K. M., Lacroix, R., Lefebvre, D. M., Rushton, J., Arsenault, J., Bouchard, É., & Dubuc, J. (2017) · Preventive Veterinary Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.09.015 · Cited by 19
Why protect biodiversity? Perspectives of conservation professionals in Poland
Blicharska, M., & Grandin, U. (2015) · International Journal of Biodiversity Science Ecosystems Services & Management · doi:10.1080/21513732.2015.1050969 · Cited by 16
“The Q-methodology was originally developed by William Stephenson (Stephenson 1935) as a tool to assess individuals’ attitudes and perspectives.”
Method
Putting transdisciplinarity into practice: a mixed mode procedure for stakeholder participation in natural resource management
Guimarães, M. H., McKee, A., Lima, M. L., et al. (2014) · Journal of Environmental Planning and Management · doi:10.1080/09640568.2014.964850 · Cited by 16
“A Q-set is a group of statements that should represent the diversity of opinions regarding the issue under discussion, and may be considered the primary material of a Q-methodology exercise (Stephenson 1935; Watts and Stenner 2005).”
Method
Perceptions of local people toward pulpwood plantations: Insights from the Q-method in Indonesia
Pirard, R., Petit, H., Baral, H., et al. (2016) · The International Forestry Review · doi:10.1505/146554816818966327 · Cited by 16
“This method was first developed by Stephenson (1935) and taken to the next stages by Brown (1980) with a distinctive set of psychometric and operational principles that aims at combining the strengths of both qualitative and quantitative analysis (Dennis and Goldberg 1996).”
Method
Q Methodology
Robbins, P. F. (2005) · Encyclopedia of Social Measurement · doi:10.1016/b0-12-369398-5/00356-x · Cited by 16
Exploring farmers' perceptions of the technological characteristics of traceability systems
Fu, S., & Huang, Y. (2024) · Agricultural Systems · doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2024.103871 · Cited by 15
Relation between Manual Rotation and Abductive Reasoning in Q-Methodology
Akhtar‐Danesh, N., & Mirza, N. A. (2017) · Open Journal of Social Sciences · doi:10.4236/jss.2017.53017 · Cited by 15
“A common approach of analysis which was adopted by William Stevenson [2] [3] is centroid factor extraction followed by a manual rotation.”
Method
Exploring the Entrepreneurial Intentions of Science and Engineering Students in China: A Q Methodology Study
Chen, F., & Chen, L. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11102751 · Cited by 15
“Q sorts were analyzed in PQMethod software, which facilitates data input, automatically generates a correlation matrix, and directly performs factor extraction, rotation, and estimation [64].”
Method
The ethos of business students
Baardewijk, J. J. V., & de Graaf, G. (2020) · Business Ethics the Environment & Responsibility · doi:10.1111/beer.12326 · Cited by 15
Understanding Drivers of Unsustainable Natural Resource Use in the Comoro Islands
Ibouroi, M. T., Dhurham, S. A. O., Besnard, A., et al. (2021) · Tropical Conservation Science · doi:10.1177/19400829211032585 · Cited by 15
“Q-methodology is a standard method used to reveal people’s subjectivity and explore viewpoints on defined issues that are often contested (Stephenson, 1935).”
Method
A Method for Measuring User Preferences in Information Systems Design Choices
Matzner, M., von Hoffen, M., Heide, T., et al. (2015) · doi:10.18151/7217426 · Cited by 15
Viewpoints about collaboration between primary care and public health in Canada
Akhtar‐Danesh, N., Valaitis, R. K., O’Mara, L., Austin, P., & Munroe, V. (2013) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/1472-6963-13-311 · Cited by 16
“Q-methodology was introduced by William Stephenson in 1935 [18,19] and has been employed sporadically since then.”
Method
A Q-methodology study of parental understandings of infant immunisation: Implications for health-care advice
Harvey, H., Good, J. M. M., Mason, J. M., & Reissland, N. (2013) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105313513622 · Cited by 15
“The grouping of participants is analysed through the inversion of traditional factor analytic techniques (Stephenson, 1935b), such that sorted statements become the study sample, and participants become the variables between which correlations in opinion are established (Stephenson, 1935a).”
Background
Using Cohen’s Effect Size to Identify Distinguishing Statements in Q-Methodology
Akhtar‐Danesh, N. (2018) · Open Journal of Applied Sciences · doi:10.4236/ojapps.2018.82006 · Cited by 14
“There has not been much change or improvement in the statistical component of Q-methodology since its introduction by Stephenson [1] [2] as its founding father.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Understanding the resource-based view : implications of methodological choice and a new creative context
Robinson, S. M. (2008) · QUT Business School · Cited by 14
The feasibility of Dementia Care Mapping (DCM) on a neurorehabilitation ward
Mcintosh, C., Westbrook, J. L., Sheldrick, R., et al. (2012) · Neuropsychological Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09602011.2012.711642 · Cited by 13
“Following guidelines on Q-set development (Stainton Rogers, 1995), a literature search and discussions with professionals with expertise in the fields of DCM, Q-methodology and neurorehabilitation were used to generate possible statements.”
Method
Discourses on foxhunting in the public sphere: a Q methodological study
Parry, L. J. (2018) · British Politics · doi:10.1057/s41293-018-0089-5 · Cited by 13
Differing viewpoints around healthcare professions’ education research priorities: A Q-methodology approach
Yau, S., Babovič, M., Liu, G. R.-J., Gugel, A., & Monrouxe, L. V. (2021) · Advances in Health Sciences Education · doi:10.1007/s10459-021-10030-5 · Cited by 13
Assessing subjective preferences for river quality improvements: combining Q-methodology and choice experiment data
Hampson, D., Ferrini, S., & Turner, R. K. (2021) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy · doi:10.1080/21606544.2021.1879682 · Cited by 18
“Q methodology, proposed by William Stephenson (1935), is a research approach used in psychology and social sciences to investigate and structure the subjective view of respondents.”
Method
Recherche et classification d’indicateurs d’acculturation à partir du contexte francophone
Brégent, M., Mokounkolo, R., & Pasquier, D. (2008) · Psychologie Française · doi:10.1016/j.psfr.2007.08.002 · Cited by 17
Are AR shopping services valued the same way throughout Europe? A four-country Q-investigation
Gautier, S., Gauzente, C., & Aikala, M. (2016) · Systèmes d information & management · doi:10.3917/sim.161.0069 · Cited by 16
“The Q-method (see q-method.org and Brown, 1993), was developed by the psychologist Stephenson (1935; 1953) as an approach to capture people’s subjective views of phenomena.”
Method
Parenting Needs Among Mothers of Young Children During Military Deployment
Trautmann, J., Ho, G. W. K., & Gross, D. A. (2018) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/jnu.12395 · Cited by 13
Direction Of Measurement And Profile Similarity
Howard, K. I., & Diesenhaus, H. I. (1967) · Multivariate Behavioral Research · doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr0202_6 · Cited by 13
Determinants of the intention for using a lumbar support among home care workers with recurrent low back pain
Roelofs, P. D. D. M., van Poppel, M. N. M., Bierma‐Zeinstra, S., & van Mechelen, W. (2010) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-010-1399-5 · Cited by 15
“Q methodology provides a foundation for the systematic study of subjective attitudes, viewpoints, opinions or beliefs [2, 3], and originates from Stephenson’s [12] idea to invert a factor analysis, thus analysing correlations between subjects.”
Method
Q methodology and the measurement of subjectivity in corporate brand perception
Angelopulo, G. (2009) · South African Journal of Business Management · doi:10.4102/sajbm.v40i3.542 · Cited by 13
Relationship between Pulse Pressure, Arteriosclerosis, and a Visual Reversal Phenomenon
Solonevich, R., & Cobb, E. S. (1975) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1975.41.3.919 · Cited by 13
Adapting agroforestry to upland farming systems: narratives from smallholder farmers in Northwest Vietnam
Do, H., Whitney, C., La, N., et al. (2024) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1007/s13593-024-00954-8 · Cited by 12
“In contrast to regular PCA and FA, the Q method correlates respondents (Stephenson 1935; Zabala 2014) rather than variables.”
Engineer students’ views on competencies for sustainable development: a case from a systemic PBL environment using Q methodology
d’Escoffier, L. N., Jiang, D., Guerra, A. O. P. D. C., Pineda, A. F. V., & Abou-Hayt, I. (2024) · European Journal of Engineering Education · doi:10.1080/03043797.2024.2388122 · Cited by 14
“The Q methodology (hereafter Q.) had its principles ﬁ rst introduced in 1935 (Stephenson 1935).”
Collaborative research and use of Q methodology to understand technology infusion in teacher preparation
Clausen, J., Borthwick, A. C., & Rutledge, D. W. (2021) · Educational Technology Research and Development · doi:10.1007/s11423-021-10018-3 · Cited by 15
“Using Q methodology (McKeown & Thomas, 2013; Stephenson, 1935), we collected both quantitative and qualitative data, examining the results of Q sorts completed by 31 teacher education faculty members.”
Method
Detecting the Crisis of Supply Chain Management on E-Commerce for Sustainability Using Q-Technique
Ma, Q., Chang, C., & Lin, C. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13169098 · Cited by 12
Q Methodology: A Method for Understanding Complex Viewpoints in Communities Served by Extension
Lien, A. M., Ruyle, G. B., & Hoffman, L. (2018) · Journal of Extension · doi:10.34068/joe.56.02.18 · Cited by 12
“The method was developed by William Stephenson as a tool for psychologists to use to understand an individual's subjective viewpoints (Stephenson, 1935a; Stephenson, 1935b).”
Method
International Comparisons of Emotionally Reactive Problems in Preschoolers: CBCL/1½–5 Findings from 21 Societies
Rescorla, L. A., Genaro, B. G., Ivanova, M. Y., & International ASEBA Consortium (2019) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2019.1650366 · Cited by 12
Factors associated with choosing a career in clinical psychology—undergraduate minority ethnic perspectives
Meredith, E., & Baker, M. C. (2007) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.547 · Cited by 12
“Method Choice of methodological approach Q methodology was described by Stephenson (1935) as the ‘inverted factor technique’ – factor analysis of a data matrix by rows rather than columns, so that individuals, instead of tests, constitute the variables (Kitzinger & Stainton Rogers, 1985).”
Method
The evaluation of the teaching of individual academics in UK's tourism higher education: developing a construct for teaching profiles
Stergiou, D. P., Airey, D., & Riley, M. (2003) · International Journal of Tourism Research · doi:10.1002/jtr.420 · Cited by 12
The experimental study of aesthetic judgments.
PETERS, H. N. (1942) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0057008 · Cited by 12
PREFERENCE FOR COLOR OR TINT AND SOME RELATED PERSONALITY DATA
Barrett, D. M., & Eaton, E. (1947) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1947.tb01064.x · Cited by 12
Exploring farmers’ perspectives on agrobiodiversity management: future options for quinoa smallholder organizations in the Peruvian high Andes
Andreotti, F., Neher, C. M., Speelman, E. N., & Bazile, D. (2023) · Agronomy for Sustainable Development · doi:10.1007/s13593-023-00891-y · Cited by 12
“A combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques, the method was first developed and applied within the discipline of psychology (Stephenson 1935).”
Method
Exploring emotions and cognitions in hoarding: a Q-methodology analysis
Postlethwaite, A., Kellett, S., & Simmonds-Buckley, N. (2020) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465820000181 · Cited by 11
“A research method well suited to the investigation of cognitions and emotions of people prone to hoarding would be that of Q-methodology (Stephenson, 1935), which is a ‘qualiquantological’ method (Stenner and Stainton-Rogers, 2004).”
MethodInfluential
Perceived risk of lock-in in the front-end phase of major transportation projects
Cantarelli, C. C., Oglethorpe, D. R., & van Wee, B. (2021) · Transportation · doi:10.1007/s11116-021-10191-7 · Cited by 15
Fear as a barrier?: African American men’s avoidance of counseling services
Smith, J. M. (2002) · Journal of African American Men · doi:10.1007/s12111-002-1002-1 · Cited by 11
Profiling the Brand Personality of Specific Brands
Cui, A. P., Albanese, P. J., Jewell, R. D., et al. (2008) · ACR North American Advances · Cited by 11
The Search for Structure: An Alternative to the Forced Q-Sort Technique
Bolland, J. M. (2016) · Cited by 11
The Q-Sort Technique as a Group Measure
Morsh, J. E. (1955) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/001316445501500407 · Cited by 11
Using Q methodology to understand conflicting conceptualizations of reference and information service
VanScoy, A. (2021) · Library & Information Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.lisr.2021.101107 · Cited by 10
Empathic reactions to press photographs from the War in Ukraine: A Q-sort study
Müller, M., & Christ, K. (2023) · Frontiers in Political Science · doi:10.3389/fpos.2022.1042326 · Cited by 11
Attitudes towards rotating shift work in clinical nurses: a Q‐methodology study
Ha, E. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.12833 · Cited by 10
How to analyze change in perception from paired Q-sorts
Akhtar‐Danesh, N., & Wingreen, S. C. (2020) · Communication in Statistics- Theory and Methods · doi:10.1080/03610926.2020.1845734 · Cited by 10
Locating Mental Health in Black and White Men
Stowell‐Smith, M., & McKeown, M. (1999) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/135910539900400214 · Cited by 10
“On this basis we selected Q-methodology, a patternanalytic approach derived by Stephenson (1935), developed by Brown (1980) and given a ‘British dialect’ (Stainton Rogers & Stainton Rogers, 1990) by theorists sympathetic to a social constructionist agenda (e.g. Curt, 1993; Kitzinger, 1987; Stainton…”
Method

Authors: STEPHENSON, W.
Affiliations: University College London (GB)
Corresponding author: STEPHENSON, W.
ORCID: STEPHENSON, W.
Venue: Journal of Personality
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1935-09
Volume: 4
Issue: 1
Pages: 17-24
ISSN: 0022-3506 (ISSN-L)
1467-6494
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1935.tb02022.x
OpenAlex: W2028674112
Cited by: 475
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 1.23
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 29220 d)
Locations: Journal of Personality (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Keywords: person-centered approach, personality assessment

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