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CORRELATING PERSONS INSTEAD OF TESTS
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“we have chosen to apply a mixed-method approach called Q-methodology, as it offers a rigorous and systematic way for capturing human subjectivity (Mettler and Wulf 2018;Stephenson 1935Stephenson , 1986)).”
From How affordances of chatbots cross the chasm between social and traditional enterprise systems (2020) · cites this paper as Stephenson 1935
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Items 401–476 of 476
Pasquier, D., Gras, R., & Couturier, R. (2010) · HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)
Educational choices and expectations of male students entering a midwestern university
Lionberger, H. F. (1967) · MOspace Institutional Repository (University of Missouri)
Perceptions of interracial contact in a South African sample : a Q-methodological approach.
Mills, K. (2014) · University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Institutional Repository on DSpace (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg)
Matthews, R. (2005) · PubMed
Wilson, L. A. (2009) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-60566-106-3.ch039
TSUCHIDA, K., Kawamura, M., Aoyama, H., et al. (1985) · 口腔衛生学会雑誌 · doi:10.5834/jdh.35.98
Seo, H. (2009) · Korean Society for the Sociology of Sport · doi:10.22173/jksss.2009.22.1.77
What do I need to learn? An exercise to prioritize learning goals
Gauttier, S., & Arnedillo‐Sánchez, I. (2016) · University of Twente Research Information
Gronwald, K.-D. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-53150-1_8
Hisschemöller, M., Cuppen, E. H. W. J., Leemans, R., et al. (2014) · Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling
Harris-Williams, C. (2011) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)
Roberts, D. C. (2011) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)
O’Connor, K. (2017) · Revue Internationale des Sciences Administratives · doi:10.3917/risa.831.0069
Psychodynamic prototype through personality organization chart of educational leaders
Ibrahımı, S., Dervishi, E., Muça, V., & Dobra, M. (2018) · Anthropological Researches and Studies · doi:10.26758/8.1.12
Supply and Demand Management During Industrial Evolutions
Venkumar, P. (2019) · Advances in logistics, operations, and management science book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-9078-1.ch011
An Analysis of A Type on DM Public Relation of Election Candidate
전희락, & 이제영 (2011) · Journal of Political Communication · doi:10.35731/kpca.2011..20.008
Reconciling Different Approaches to Reference and Information Service Using Q Methodology
VanScoy, A. (2019) · Proceedings of the Annual Conference of CAIS / Actes du congrès annuel de l ACSI · doi:10.29173/cais1102
Garcia, G. F. (2019) · Digital Commons - LIU Promoting Scholarship and Creative Work of LIU Students, Faculty, and Staff (Long Island University)
Kulyk, O., & Renaud, K. (2021) · IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering Workshops (ASEW) · doi:10.1109/asew52652.2021.00043 · Cited by 1
Color Preferences Related to the Personality Variables of N Intraception and N Achievement
Kelbley, M. A. S. (1968) · Loyola eCommons (Loyola University of Chicago)
Bartholomew, D. J., Knott, M. J., & Moustaki, I. (2011) · Wiley series in probability and statistics · doi:10.1002/9781119970583.refs
Persönlichkeit: Methoden, Merkmale, Modelle
von Kerekjarto, M. (1974) · Heidelberger Taschenbücher · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-96203-5_3
Does Anybody Read SMS-Advertising?
Gauzente, C. (2011) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-61350-465-9.ch002
Modeling Software Development Process Complexity
Damasiotis, V., Fitsilis, P., & O’Kane, J. (2020) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-3016-0.ch023
Color Preferences, Extraversion, and Neuroticism of Art Students
Götz, K. O., & Götz, K. (1976) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-6168-8_32
(1966) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4832-1356-9.50025-5
Early Childhood Educational Leaders' Views on Preschool Discipline, Suspense, and Expulsion
Enright, S. A. (2019) · doi:10.46569/10211.3/214087 · Cited by 1
(1973) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-057650-0.50025-9
van Hooft, S. M., & van Staa, A. L. (2021) · Bohn Stafleu van Loghum eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-90-368-2600-6_23
Places of Wander: The Value of Community Attachment for Coastal Tourism
Farrell, D., & Carr, L. M. (2022) · The Geojournal library · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-09775-1_8
Ethics of mortgage advisers in the Netherlands: Professional attitudes and moral dilemmas
Baardewijk, J. J. V. (2023) · Business Ethics the Environment & Responsibility · doi:10.1111/beer.12595
Identifying faculty opinions about implementing an online, non-thesis master’s degree
Maynard, R. C. I., Pennisi, S. V., & Lombardini, L. (2023) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2023.1252353 · Cited by 1
Walker, B., Branch, R. M., & Johnston, J. (2023) · doi:10.59668/371.13168
Venczel, T. B., Berényi, L., & Hriczó, K. (2023) · Multidiszciplináris Tudományok · doi:10.35925/j.multi.2023.1.24
“(Stephenson, 1935).”
Autóipari kockázati tényezők vizsgálati lehetőségei
Venczel, T. B., Berényi, L., & Hriczó, K. (2024) · Multidiszciplináris Tudományok · doi:10.35925/j.multi.2024.1.3
Subjective Perception Types of Older Adults Living Alone as Farmers in Korea: A Q Methodology Study
Ha, O. S., & Lee, S. Y. (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs14121150
“William Stephenson [28] developed this methodology in 1935 to focus on the human mind’s internal attributes, moving away from universally objective measurements and exploring personal diversity.”
“Weak Religiosity” Prototypes: How to See What is Absent?
Пруцкова, Е. В., & Markin, K. (2025) · State Religion and Church in Russia and Worldwide · doi:10.22394/2073-7203-2024-42-3-297-326
Haeffner, M., Cantor, A., Cowal, J., Bryant, A., Yaw, D. M., Palacios, K. J., Serna, D., Sprauer, B., & Tran‐Gruver, A. (2025) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water · doi:10.1002/wat2.70024 · Cited by 4
“Instead, a Q-sort requires the participant to assemble their preferences in the moment, expressing the overall structure of their internal frame of reference (Stephenson 1935, McKeown et al. 1988).”
He, K., wang, X., & Li, X. (2025) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-92707-2_3
Sumboh, J., Elsey, H., de Siqueira-Filha, N. T., & Suhrcke, M. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.06.08.25329231
Zhu, Y. P., & Hope, J. (2025) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2025.105218
Olla, R., Houmanfar, R. A., Cherchi, E., Montgomery, D. F., & Yang, Y. (2025) · Behavior and Social Issues · doi:10.1007/s42822-025-00231-7
“Q methodology was developed by William Stephenson (1935a, 1935b, 1936a, 1936b, 1936c, 1953) to identify groups of individuals sharing similar opinions.”
The Chosen One: A Q-Method Analysis of the “Harry Potter” Phenomenon
Phippen, C. (2015) · ScholarsArchive (Brigham Young University)
小児歯科診療時に母親が術者に及ぼす心理的ストレスに関する研究 第1報 心理的ストレス反応尺度の開発
簡, 妙., 永田, 綾., 佐牟田, 毅., et al. (1996) · 小児歯科学雑誌 · doi:10.11411/jspd1963.34.5_1052
Bijnsdorp, F. M., Pasman, H. R. W., Boot, C. R. L., van Hooft, S. M., van Staa, A., & Francke, A. L. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12172242
Cheung, D. S. K., Ho, G. W. K., Chan, A. C. Y., Ho, K. H. M., Kwok, R. K. H., Law, Y. P. Y., & Bressington, D. T. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21185091
Q-Sort und die Erforschung visueller Kommunikation
Lobinger, K., & Brantner, C. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-49434-6_4
VanScoy, A., Adzobu, N. Y. A., & Baidoo, D. K. (2026) · Reference Services Review · doi:10.1108/rsr-06-2025-0033
Lovett, N. (2026) · New Horizons in Adult Education and Human Resource Development · doi:10.1177/19394225261432696
“Chapter 3 offers a historical overview of Q methodology and its creator, William Stephenson, who first introduced the technique in 1935 (Stephenson, 1935) and later systematized it in his comprehensive 1953 trea-tise (Stephenson, 1953).”
d’Escoffier, L. N., Zindel, M., Jiang, D., & Guerra, A. O. P. D. C. (2026) · International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education · doi:10.1108/ijshe-02-2025-0138
Duran, V. (2026) · Human Arenas · doi:10.1007/s42087-026-00644-9
“Q methodology is a systematic mixed-method approach to the study of subjectivity, first formulated by William Stephenson (1935) and subsequently elaborated by Brown (1993) and Watts and Stenner (2012).”
Q-Methodology and Q-Sorting as Tools For Addressing Research Questions in Educational Settings
Vaughn, B. E., Santos, A. J., & Coppola, G. (2014) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-62396-612-620251007
Faith, Science, and Choice: Vaccine Attitudes Among Religious University Students
Aduse-Poku, I., Thompson, K. J. B., Fillmore, A., Sim, L., Woolley, I. A., Bailey, E. G., Poole, B. D., & Jensen, J. L. (2026) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines14060546
“In Q-methodology, factors represent groups of participants who rank the same set of statements in similar ways and therefore reveal a shared perspective [43,49].”
Perspectives on disability among physical therapists: a Q study
Jardim, P. M., Reis, I. A., Garcês, R. L., et al. (2026) · Physiotherapy Theory and Practice · doi:10.1080/09593985.2026.2685799
Zenone, A., Pipitone, C., Giacalone, V. M., et al. (2026) · Ocean & Coastal Management · doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2026.108290
Türksoy, E. (2026) · The Curriculum Journal · doi:10.1002/curj.70080
CONSTRUCTING WHAT CAN BE SAID: CONCOURSE DEVELOPMENT IN Q-METHODOLOGICAL AUTISM RESEARCH
Ahmetovic, M., & Schuwerk, T. (2026) · Research in Education and Rehabilitation · doi:10.51558/2744-1555.2026.9.1.129
How public managers view Sustainable Development Goals: a Q-study
Macinati, M. S., Rossi, F. M., & Sicilia, M. (2026) · International Public Management Journal · doi:10.1080/10967494.2026.2684565
Using Q-Methodology to Identify Core Illness Experience Dimensions in Treated Lymphoma Patients
Yu, S., Ma, R., Liu, Y., et al. (2026) · Current Oncology · doi:10.3390/curroncol33080442
“…by William Stephenson in 1935, represents a systematic approach to quantifying subjective viewpoints by inverting the conventional factor analytic paradigm: rather than correlating test variables across large samples of individuals, it correlates individuals across a set of opinion statements [9].”
Liu, H.-Y., Jin, Q.-X., & Lee, K.-H. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10205892/v1
Using Q Methodology to Capture Variations in Perspectives in Engineering Education
Thomas, R. L., Appelhans, S., Tilsen, J., Thomas, S. J., & Cheville, A. (2026) · ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition · doi:10.18260/1-2--61206
Schults, J. A., Win, O. N., Havers, S. M., et al. (2026) · Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology · doi:10.1017/ash.2026.10804
Robbins, P. (2005) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-26629-4.00415-9
Understanding Hotel Staycationers Motivation and Typologies Using Q Methodology
Li, Q., Jo, W., & Foti, L. (2026) · International Journal of Tourism Research · doi:10.1002/jtr.70428
Thumvichit, A., Tejasen, B., Masor, R., et al. (2026) · Current Issues in Language Planning · doi:10.1080/14664208.2026.2736059
Ormerod, K. J. (2015) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)
Cramm, J. M. (2006)
Aan de slag met Q-methodologie!
Jedeloo, S. (2013) · KWALON · doi:10.5117/2013.018.002.118
Metadata
- Authors
- STEPHENSON, W.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- STEPHENSON, W.
- ORCID
- STEPHENSON, W.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1935-09
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 17-24
- ISSN
- 0022-3506 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-6494
- OpenAlex
- W2028674112
- Cited by
- 475
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 1.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Keywords
- person-centered approach, personality assessment
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