Coronary Prone Behavior: Components of the Type A Pattern and Hostility
Abstract
ABSTRACT Traditional and nontraditional risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) are discussed with special attention devoted to the Type A behavior pattern (TABP) Positive and negative epidemiological evidence bearing on the risk factor status of global TABP is reviewed Results of the review suggest that component scoring of the multidimensional global TABP in attempts to uncover “toxic” components, particularly Potential for Hostility, is a profitable research strategy Similarly, evidence is presented that suggests merit in component scoring of hostility, also a multidimensional construct To explicate more fully the nature of Potential for Hostility and its categories, correlations between the SI‐derived ratings and ratings of established dimensions of individual differences based on the five‐factor taxonomic model of personality from subsamples of the MRFTT and WCGS studies are presented Total Potential for Hostility and especially the Style of interaction category show highly significant relations to Low Agreeableness or Antagonism High ratings of Potential for Hostility identify individuals who can be described as uncooperative, antagonistic, rude, disagreeable, unsympathetic, callous, and the like Implications of the evolving concept of coronary‐prone behavior, as distinguished from TABP, are briefly considered
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the early 1980s investigators concluded that hostility was the primary 'toxic' component of the Type A personality.
“However, in the early 1980s investigators began to study hostility in particular [159, 160], concluding that it was the primary “toxic” component of the Type A personality [161, 162].”
From Personality and Longevity: Knowns, Unknowns, and Implications for Public Health and Personalized Medicine (2011) · cites this paper as [161]
Cites
Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers.
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1987) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.1.81 · Cited by 6,404 · see citing works
Self-citationAn inventory for assessing different kinds of hostility.
Buss, A. H., & Durkee, A. (1957) · Journal of Consulting Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0046900 · Cited by 2,614 · see citing works
Proposed hostility and Pharisaic-virtue scales for the MMPI.
Cook, W. W., & Medley, D. M. (1954) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0060667 · Cited by 1,489 · see citing works
ASSOCIATION OF SPECIFIC OVERT BEHAVIOR PATTERN WITH BLOOD AND CARDIOVASCULAR FINDINGS
Friedman, M. (1959) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1959.03000290012005 · Cited by 1,483 · see citing works
Rosenman, R. H. (1975) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.233.8.872 · Cited by 1,278 · see citing works
The Pooling Project Research Group (1978) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(78)90073-5 · Cited by 994 · see citing works
Hostility, CHD Incidence, and Total Mortality: A 25-Year Follow-Up Study of 255 Physicians
Barefoot, J. C., Dahlstrom, G. W., & Williams, R. B. (1983) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198303000-00008 · Cited by 866 · see citing works
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1985) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.49.3.710 · Cited by 730 · see citing works
Self-citationMcCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1985) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.49.3.710 · Cited by 655 · see citing works
Self-citationType A Behavior, Hostility, and Coronary Atherosclerosis*
Williams, R. B., Haney, T. L., Lee, K. L., Kong, Y., Blumenthal, J. A., & Whalen, R. E. (1980) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198011000-00002 · Cited by 592 · see citing works
Friedman, M., Rosenman, R. H., Carroll, V., & Tat, R. J. (1958) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.17.5.852 · Cited by 557 · see citing works
(1978) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-86007-2 · Cited by 501 · see citing works
Hypochondriasis, neuroticism, and aging: When are somatic complaints unfounded?
Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1985) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037//0003-066x.40.1.19 · Cited by 497 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Interview Method of Assessment of the Coronary-Prone Behavior Pattern
Rosenman, R. H. (1978) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-86007-2_4 · Cited by 478 · see citing works
Components of Type A, Hostility, and Anger-In: Relationship to Angiographic Findings
Dembroski, T. M., MacDougall, J. M., Williams, R. B., Haney, T. L., & Blumenthal, J. A. (1985) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198505000-00001 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Self-citationMatthews, K. A., Glass, D. C., Rosenman, R. H., & Bortner, R. W. (1977) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(77)90071-6 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Evaluating comprehensiveness in personality systems: The California Q‐Set and the five‐factor model
McCrae, R. R., Costa, P. T., & Busch, C. M. (1986) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1986.tb00403.x · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Self-citationHypochondriasis, neuroticism, and aging: When are somatic complaints unfounded?
Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1985) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.40.1.19 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
Self-citationBiobehavioral bases of coronary heart disease
Dembroski, T. M., Schmidt, T., & Blümchen, G. (1983) · KARGER eBooks · Cited by 346 · see citing works
Self-citationTYPE A BEHAVIOR PATTERN AND CORONARY DISEASE RISK UPDATE AND CRITICAL EVALUATION
Matthews, K. A., & HAYNES, S. C. (1986) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114347 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
The role of anger and hostility in essential hypertension and coronary heart disease.
Diamond, E. L. (1982) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.92.2.410 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
THE MRFIT BEHAVIOR PATTERN STUDY
Shekelle, R. B., Hulley, S. B., Neaton, J. D., Billings, J. H., Borhani, N. O., Gerace, T. A., Jacobs, D. R., Lasser, N. L., Mittlemark, M. B., & Stamler, J. (1985) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114135 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Smith, T. W., & Frohm, K. D. (1985) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.4.6.503 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Type A Behavior and Your Heart
MEDAWAR, P. B. (1974) · Hospital Practice · doi:10.1080/21548331.1974.11708033 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Proceedings of the Conference on the Decline in Coronary Heart Disease Mortality
Havlik, R. J., Feinleib, M., & Thom, T. (1979) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Cornfield, J. (1978) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112592 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Type A behavior pattern and coronary atherosclerosis.
Blumenthal, J. A., Williams, R. B., Kong, Y., et al. (1978) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.58.4.634 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
McCranie, E. W., Watkins, L. O., Brandsma, J. M., & Sisson, B. D. (1986) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf00848472 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Neurogenic Factors in Pathogenesis of Coronary Heart Disease
Rosenman, R. H., & Friedman, M. (1974) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0025-7125(16)32158-7 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Handbook of behavioral medicine
Antonovsky, A. (1985) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/0277-9536(85)90133-9 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Psychological correlates of the Type A behavior pattern
Chesney, M. A., Black, G. W., Chadwick, J. H., et al. (1981) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf00844272 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Variability of Plasma Lipids in Response to Emotional Arousal
Dimsdale, J. E., & Herd, A. J. (1982) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198211000-00004 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Cynicism and paranoid alienation in the Cook and Medley HO Scale.
Costa, P. T., Zonderman, A. B., McCrae, R. R., & Williams, R. B. (1986) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198603000-00014 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Self-citationAssociation of Specific Behavior Pattern in Women with Blood and Cardiovascular Findings
Rosenman, R. H., & Friedman, M. (1961) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.24.5.1173 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Components of Type A, hostility, and anger-in: Further relationships to angiographic findings.
MacDougall, J. M., Dembroski, T. M., Dimsdale, J. E., et al. (1985) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.4.2.137 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Self-citationFriedman, M., Thoresen, C. E., Gill, J. J., Ulmer, D. K., Thompson, L., Powell, L. H., Price, V., Elek, S. R., Rabin, D. D., Breall, W. S., et al. (1982) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.66.1.83 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Williams, R. B., Barefoot, J. C., Haney, T. L., Harrell, F. E., Blumenthal, J. A., Pryor, D. B., & Peterson, B. (1988) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198803000-00004 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
The relationship of behavior pattern a to the state of the coronary vasculature
Friedman, M., Rosenman, R. H., Straus, R., et al. (1968) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(68)90053-3 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Behavioral Risk Factors in Coronary Artery Disease
Jenkins, C. D. (1978) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev.me.29.020178.002551 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Matthews, K. A., Krantz, D. S., Dembroski, T. M., et al. (1982) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.42.2.303 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Self-citationIn Search of Coronary-prone Behavior
(2013) · Psychology Press eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203771679 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
MacDougall, J. M., Dembroski, T. M., & Musante, L. (1979) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf00846564 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citationType A Assessment and Interaction in the Behavior Pattern Interview
Scherwitz, L. W., Berton, K., & Leventhal, H. (1977) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-197707000-00004 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Assessment of Behavioral Risk for Coronary Disease by Voice Characteristics
Schucker, B., & Jacobs, D. R. (1977) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-197707000-00003 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Reliability and Validity of Methods Used to Assess Coronary-Prone Behavior
Dembroski, T. M. (1978) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-86007-2_7 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationCoronary-Prone Behavior as an Independent Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease
Brand, R. (1978) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-86007-2_1 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Pickering, T. G. (1985) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf00870308 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
EPIDEMIOLOGIC OBSERVATIONS ON INTERVENTION TRIALS FOR PREVENTION OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE1
Marmot, M. G., & Winkelstein, W. (1975) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112084 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Anger, neuroticism, Type A behaviour and the experience of angina
Smith, T. W., Follick, M. J., & Korr, K. S. (1984) · British Journal of Medical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1984.tb02585.x · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Type A behavior pattern and coronary angiographic findings
Frank, K. A. (1978) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.240.8.761 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Current and Past History of Type A Behavior Pattern
Rosenman, R. H. (1986) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-71234-0_3 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Voice analysis test for detection of behavior pattern. Responses of normal men and coronary patients
Friedman, M. (1969) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.208.5.828 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Current Controversies in Cardiovascular Disease
Henning, R. J. (1981) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1981.03310290060033 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Musante, L., MacDougall, J. M., Dembroski, T. M., et al. (1983) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.45.5.1104 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationDiet and atherosclerosis: Epidemiologic evidence and public health implications
BLACKBURN, H. W. (1983) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/0091-7435(83)90161-5 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Toward the automated measurement of the Type-A behavior pattern
Howland, E. W., & Siegman, A. W. (1982) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf00845255 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Is Neuroticism A Risk Factor for CAD? Is Type A a Measure of Neuroticism?
Costa, P. T. (1986) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-71234-0_7 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationThe classic risk factors for coronary heart disease: Experience in Europe
Aravanis, C. (1983) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/0091-7435(83)90163-9 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Advances in Psychosomatic Medicine
Shulman, R. (2014) · Advances in psychosomatic medicine · doi:10.1159/issn.0065-3268 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Glass, D. C., Ross, D. T., Contrada, R. J., et al. (1982) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15324834basp0303_1 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Evolutionary Personality Psychology
Buss, D. M. (1991) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.42.020191.002331 · Cited by 930 · see citing works
Chapman, B. P., Roberts, B., & Duberstein, P. (2011) · Journal of Aging Research · doi:10.4061/2011/759170 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
“One study to date has demonstrated a protective effect for Agreeableness against allcause mortality over 3 years in an elderly sample; this was due primarily to specific aspects of the Agreeableness scale reflecting low levels of interpersonal antagonism [63].”
BackgroundInfluentialChapman, B. P., Hampson, S., & Clarkin, J. (2014) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034135 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
The short-term effects of a hostility-reduction intervention on male coronary heart disease patients
Gidron, Y., Davidson, K., & Bata, I. (1999) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.18.4.416 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Burnout as a risk factor for coronary heart disease
Appels, A., & Schouten, E. (1991) · Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1080/08964289.1991.9935158 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Heritability of hostility-related emotions, attitudes, and behaviors
Cates, D. S., Houston, B. K., Vavak, C. R., Crawford, M. H., & Uttley, M. (1993) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf00844758 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Openness and conscientiousness predict 34-SSweek patterns of Interleukin-6 in older persons
Chapman, B. P., van Wijngaarden, E., Seplaki, C. L., Talbot, N., Duberstein, P., & Moynihan, J. (2011) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2011.01.003 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Armon, G., Melamed, S., Shirom, A., Berliner, S., & Shapira, I. (2013) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2012.11.035 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
- Authors
- Dembroski, T. M., & Costa, P. T.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- ORCID
- Costa, Paul T.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1987-06
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 211-235
- ISSN
- 0022-3506 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-6494
- OpenAlex
- W2028150821
- Cited by
- 261
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 11.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- coronary artery disease, Type A behavior pattern, hostility, coronary-prone behavior, risk factors, five-factor model of personality, agreeableness, antagonism
- MeSH terms
- Anger, Coronary Disease, Hostility, Humans, MMPI, Myocardial Infarction, Risk, Type A Personality
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
