Cited by 270Reading and Literacy DevelopmentTactile and Sensory InteractionsVisual perception and processing mechanisms

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Sensori-motor experience leads to changes in visual processing in the developing brain

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James, Karin Harman·2010·Developmental Science

DOI 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00883.xPMC PMC4176698

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Abstract

Since Broca’s studies on language processing, cortical functional specialization has been considered to be integral to efficient neural processing. A fundamental question in cognitive neuroscience concerns the type of learning that is required for functional specialization to develop. To address this issue with respect to the development of neural specialization for letters, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to compare brain activation patterns in pre‐school children before and after different letter‐learning conditions: a sensori‐motor group practised printing letters during the learning phase, while the control group practised visual recognition. Results demonstrated an overall left‐hemisphere bias for processing letters in these pre‐literate participants, but, more interestingly, showed enhanced blood oxygen‐level‐dependent activation in the visual association cortex during letter perception only after sensori‐motor (printing) learning. It is concluded that sensori‐motor experience augments processing in the visual system of pre‐school children. The change of activation in these neural circuits provides important evidence that ‘learning‐by‐doing’ can lay the foundation for, and potentially strengthen, the neural systems used for visual letter recognition.

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Authors: James, K. H.
Affiliations: Indiana University Bloomington (US)
Corresponding author: James, Karin Harman
ORCID: James, Karin Harman
Venue: Developmental Science
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2010-02-02
Volume: 13
Issue: 2
Pages: 279-288
ISSN: 1363-755X (ISSN-L)
1467-7687
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00883.x
PMC: PMC4176698
OpenAlex: W2107057632
Cited by: 269
References: 48
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 13
FWCI: 18.74
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Developmental Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Lilly Endowment
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD057077)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Keywords: alphabet learning, visual association cortex, preschool children, hands-on learning, neural development, writing practices, reading development
MeSH terms: Brain, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Language Development, Functional Laterality, Learning, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Reading, Visual Cortex, Visual Perception

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Sensori-motor experience leads to changes in visual processing in the developing brain

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