The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cyberbullying: Another main type of bullying?
Abstract
Cyberbullying has recently emerged as a new form of bullying and harassment. 360 adolescents (12–20 years), were surveyed to examine the nature and extent of cyberbullying in Swedish schools. Four categories of cyberbullying (by text message, email, phone call and picture/video clip) were examined in relation to age and gender, perceived impact, telling others, and perception of adults becoming aware of such bullying. There was a significant incidence of cyberbullying in lower secondary schools, less in sixth‐form colleges. Gender differences were few. The impact of cyberbullying was perceived as highly negative for picture/video clip bullying. Cybervictims most often chose to either tell their friends or no one at all about the cyberbullying, so adults may not be aware of cyberbullying, and (apart from picture/video clip bullying) this is how it was perceived by pupils. Findings are discussed in relation to similarities and differences between cyberbullying and the more traditional forms of bullying.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“However, victimization rates flatten in older adults, potentially owing to cyberbullying’s lower prevalence in this group and a general decrease in aggressive behaviours with age13,48,62.”
From Umbrella review of meta-analyses on the risk factors, protective factors, consequences and interventions of cyberbullying victimization (2024) · cites this paper as [48]
In the citing paper
“For example, repetition may occur through a single act of perpetration that is repeatedly shared (18, 22);”
From A thematic analysis of adolescents’ perceptions of cyberbullying and cyberaggression: definitional distinctions and educational gaps (2026) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“Thus, anonymity feeds into the disinhibitory effect (32) and consistent with previous research is linked to increased cyberbullying perpetration (22, 33–36, 38, 106).”
From A thematic analysis of adolescents’ perceptions of cyberbullying and cyberaggression: definitional distinctions and educational gaps (2026) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, as reflected in previous research, findings from this synthesis indicate that young people are reluctant to seek support, particularly from adults who they perceive as ignorant to the cyber world.(Cassidy et al., 2013;Fenaughty & Harré, 2013;Slonje & Smith, 2008;Vaillancourt et al., 2017).”
From Young people’s conceptualizations of the nature of cyberbullying: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research (2020) · cites this paper as Slonje & Smith, 2008
Citations
Cites
The world report on violence and health
Krug, E. G., Mercy, J. A., Dahlberg, L. L., & Zwi, A. B. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)11133-0 · Cited by 9,110
Relational Aggression, Gender, and Social-Psychological Adjustment
Crick, N. R., & Grotpeter, J. K. (1995) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1995.tb00900.x · Cited by 3,954
Prevalence estimation of school bullying with the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire
Solberg, M. E., & Olweus, D. (2003) · Aggressive Behavior · doi:10.1002/ab.10047 · Cited by 1,912
A survey of the nature and extent of bullying in junior/middle and secondary schools
Whitney, I., & Smith, P. K. (1993) · Educational Research · doi:10.1080/0013188930350101 · Cited by 1,331
Self-citationOnline aggressor/targets, aggressors, and targets: a comparison of associated youth characteristics
Ybarra, M. L., & Mitchell, K. J. (2004) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00328.x · Cited by 1,313
Involvement in traditional and electronic bullying among adolescents.
Raskauskas, J., & Stoltz, A. D. (2007) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.3.564 · Cited by 1,017
Li, Q. (2006) · School Psychology International · doi:10.1177/0143034306064547 · Cited by 959
School Bullying: Insights and Perspectives
Smith, P. K., & Sharp, S. (1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 943
Self-citationCyber bullying: An old problem in a new guise?
Campbell, M. A. (2005) · Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling · doi:10.1375/ajgc.15.1.68 · Cited by 676
Bullying in Schools and What to Do About It
Rigby, K. (1996) · Cited by 630
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Balding J., 2004, Young People in 2004: The health‐related behaviour questionnaire results for 40,430 young people between the ages of 10 and 15
- Noret N.&Rivers I.(2006).The prevalence of bullying by text message or email: Results of a four year study.Poster presented at British Psychological Society Annual Conference Cardiff April.
- Olweus D., 1996, Mimeo
- Olweus D., 1999, The nature of school bullying: A cross‐national perspective, 7
- Smith P. K., 2006, An investigation into cyberbullying, its forms, awareness and impact, and the relationship between age and gender in cyberbullying
- Willard N. E., 2006, Cyberbullying and cyberthreats
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Kowalski, R. M., Giumetti, G. W., Schroeder, A. N., & Lattanner, M. R. (2014) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0035618 · Cited by 3,266
Tokunaga, R. S. (2010) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2009.11.014 · Cited by 2,566
Bullying Prevalence Across Contexts: A Meta-analysis Measuring Cyber and Traditional Bullying
Modecki, K. L., Minchin, J., Harbaugh, A. G., Guerra, N. G., & Runions, K. C. (2014) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.06.007 · Cited by 1,659
Psychological, Physical, and Academic Correlates of Cyberbullying and Traditional Bullying
Kowalski, R. M., & Limber, S. P. (2013) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.09.018 · Cited by 1,295
The nature of cyberbullying, and strategies for prevention
Slonje, R., Smith, P. K., & Frisén, A. (2013) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2012.05.024 · Cited by 940
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- SLONJE, R., & SMITH, P. K.
- Affiliations
- University of London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- SLONJE, ROBERT
- ORCID
- SMITH, PETER K.
- Venue
- Scandinavian Journal of Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-01-22
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 147-154
- ISSN
- 0036-5564 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9450
- OpenAlex
- W2165282906
- Cited by
- 1,844
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 68 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 93 · 2022: 115 · 2021: 111 · 2020: 211 · 2019: 157 · 2018: 138 · 2017: 106 · 2016: 123 · 2015: 152 · 2014: 120 · 2013: 95 · 2012: 113
- FWCI
- 34.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Scandinavian Journal of Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Workplace Violence and Bullying
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection
- Keywords
- cyberbullying, bullying, adolescents, school bullying, text messaging, email, gender differences, age differences, junior high school, sixth form colleges
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Psychology, Adolescent, Adult, Aggression, Child, Dominance-Subordination, Female, Humans, Male, Peer Group, Perception, Surveys and Questionnaires, Self Disclosure, Social Behavior, Social Support, Students, Sweden, Videotape Recording, Prevalence, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Crime Victims, Internet, Electronic Mail, Cell Phone
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
