The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Psychological, Physical, and Academic Correlates of Cyberbullying and Traditional Bullying
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between children's and adolescents' experiences with cyberbullying and traditional bullying and psychological health, physical health, and academic performance. METHODS: Nine hundred thirty-one students in grades 6 through 12 completed an anonymous survey examining their experiences with cyberbullying and traditional bullying. Also included were measures of anxiety, depression, self-esteem, physical well-being, school attendance, and academic performance. RESULTS: Participants were categorized as belonging to one of four groups: cyber victims, cyberbullies, cyber bully/victims, and those not involved in cyberbullying. A similar categorization was done with traditional bullying. Those in the bully/victim groups (and particularly the cyber bully/victim group) had the most negative scores on most measures of psychological health, physical, health, and academic performance. CONCLUSIONS: There appears to be a substantial, although not perfect, overlap between involvement in traditional bullying and cyberbullying. Additionally, the physical, psychological, and academic correlates of the two types of bullying resembled one another.
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In the citing paper
“Unlike traditional bullying, which often involves physical disparities142, cyberbullying occurs online, enabling victims to become bullies more easily due to the absence of physical disadvantage143.”
From Umbrella review of meta-analyses on the risk factors, protective factors, consequences and interventions of cyberbullying victimization (2024) · cites this paper as [143]
In the citing paper
“Kowalski and Limber (2013), noted that involvement in bullying actually contributes to approximately 4-7% of the variance in suicidality.”
From A review of cyberbullying and suggestions for online psychological therapy (2015) · cites this paper as Kowalski and Limber, 2013
In the citing paper
“Kowalski and Limber (2013) | Grades 6-12 | 931 United States Bully/victim | Psychological health and academic achievement”
From A review of cyberbullying and suggestions for online psychological therapy (2015) · cites this paper as Kowalski and Limber (2013)
Citations
Cites
Society and the Adolescent Self-Image
Rosenberg, M. (1965) · doi:10.1515/9781400876136 · Cited by 30,126
Bullying at school: what we know and what we can do
(1994) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-1080 · Cited by 4,755
Bullying Behaviors Among US Youth
Nansel, T. R., Overpeck, M. D., Pilla, R. S., Ruan, W. J., Simons‐Morton, B. G., & Scheidt, P. C. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.285.16.2094 · Cited by 3,805
Cyberbullying: Its nature and impact in secondary school pupils
Smith, P. K., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M., Fisher, S., Russell, S., & Tippett, N. (2008) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01846.x · Cited by 3,639
Bullying, Cyberbullying, and Suicide
Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2010) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811118.2010.494133 · Cited by 2,078
Cyberbullying: Another main type of bullying?
SLONJE, R., & SMITH, P. K. (2008) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2007.00611.x · Cited by 1,844
Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation
Cook, C. R., Williams, K. R., Guerra, N. G., Kim, T. E., & Sadek, S. (2010) · School Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1037/a0020149 · Cited by 1,758
Electronic Bullying Among Middle School Students
Kowalski, R. M., & Limber, S. P. (2007) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.08.017 · Cited by 1,580
Self-citationPeer victimization and internalizing problems in children: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies
Reijntjes, A. H. A., Kamphuis, J. H., Prinzie, P., & Telch, M. J. (2010) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.07.009 · Cited by 1,578
Cyberbullying: An Exploratory Analysis of Factors Related to Offending and Victimization
Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2008) · Deviant Behavior · doi:10.1080/01639620701457816 · Cited by 1,497
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Kowalski, R. M., Giumetti, G. W., Schroeder, A. N., & Lattanner, M. R. (2014) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0035618 · Cited by 3,266
Self-citationCurrent perspectives: the impact of cyberbullying on adolescent health
Nixon, C. (2014) · Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics · doi:10.2147/ahmt.s36456 · Cited by 623
Internet Research in Psychology
Gosling, S. D., & Mason, W. (2015) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010814-015321 · Cited by 458
Cyberbullying, self-esteem, empathy and loneliness
Brewer, G., & Kerslake, J. (2015) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.01.073 · Cited by 459
Bullying in children: impact on child health
Armitage, R. (2021) · BMJ Paediatrics Open · doi:10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000939 · Cited by 337
Metadata
- Authors
- Kowalski, R. M., & Limber, S. P.
- Affiliations
- Clemson University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kowalski, Robin M.
- Venue
- Journal of Adolescent Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-07
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- S13-S20
- ISSN
- 1054-139X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2125460309
- Cited by
- 1,295
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 89 · 2024: 95 · 2023: 114 · 2022: 116 · 2021: 143 · 2020: 121 · 2019: 140 · 2018: 141 · 2017: 93 · 2016: 75 · 2015: 85 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 100.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Adolescent Health (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Workplace Violence and Bullying
- Keywords
- cyberbullying, traditional bullying, bullying victims, bully-victims, cyberbullying perpetrators, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, physical health, school attendance, academic performance, adolescents, children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Anxiety, Child, Data Collection, Depression, Educational Status, Female, Health Status, Humans, Male, Pennsylvania, Psychological Tests, Self Concept, Internet, Young Adult, Bullying
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