Poor fine‐motor and visuospatial skills predict persistence of pediatric‐onset obsessive‐compulsive disorder into adulthood
Open accessAbstract
Background: Half of pediatric‐onset OCD cases remit by adulthood. Studies have demonstrated that initial response to pharmacotherapy, age of onset, prominent hoarding symptoms, and the presence of comorbid tic disorders are associated with long‐term outcome. Our goal was to examine the association between childhood performance on neuropsychological testing and persistence of OCD into adulthood. Methods: Twenty‐four children with OCD were followed for an average of 7.5 years into early adulthood. Neuropsychological performance in childhood (<16 years) was measured. The battery included the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC‐III), the Purdue pegboard test, the Rey–Osterreith Complex Figure Task (RCFT) and the Beery–Buktenica test of Visual Motor Integration (VMI). We hypothesized that deficits in fine‐motor skills, visuospatial skills, and nonverbal memory as well as overall intelligence would be associated with adulthood outcome. We used a Cox proportional hazard model of survival analysis in which time to remission of OCD symptoms was the main outcome variable. Results: Poor childhood performance on the Purdue pegboard task and the block design subscale of WISC‐III was associated with persistence of OCD symptoms into adulthood. IQ, VMI, and nonverbal memory performance did not predict significantly the persistence of OCD. Conclusions: These results suggest that visuospatial and fine‐motor skill deficits are predictive of poor long‐term outcome in pediatric‐onset OCD. Future longitudinal studies are needed to chart the course of these deficits relative to the course of symptoms in OCD and to determine whether the association of these neuropsychiatric deficits with long‐term outcome is specific to pediatric‐onset OCD or generalizes to other psychiatric disorders.
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Poor fine motor skills and visuo-spatial skills in paediatric OCD seem to predict the persistence of OCD into adulthood.
“Poor fine motor skills and visuo-spatial skills in paediatric OCD seem to predict the persistence of OCD into adulthood (Bloch et al. 2011).”
From The neurobiological link between OCD and ADHD (2014) · cites this paper as Bloch et al. 2011
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Colvin, M. K., Erwin, S., Alluri, P. R., Laffer, A., Pasquariello, K., & Williams, K. A. (2020) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20030065 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Action sequence learning, habits, and automaticity in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Banca, P., Herrojo Ruiz, M., Gonzalez-Zalba, M. F., Biria, M., Marzuki, A. A., Piercy, T., Sule, A., Fineberg, N. A., & Robbins, T. W. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.87346 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Fine motor ability and psychiatric disorders in youth
Mendes, L. S. T., Manfro, G. G., Gadelha, A., Pan, P. M., Bressan, R. A., Rohde, L. A., & Salum, G. A. (2017) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-017-1091-y · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Morand-Beaulieu, S., Aardema, F., O'Connor, K. P., & Lavoie, M. E. (2021) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110061 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Preschool-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder with complete remission
Miyawaki, D., Goto, A., Iwakura, Y., Hirai, K., Miki, Y., Asada, N., Terakawa, H., & Inoue, K. (2018) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s169797 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Doolub, D., Vibert, N., Botta, F., Razmkon, A., Bouquet, C. A., Wassouf, I., Millet, B., Harika-Germaneau, G., & Jaafari, N. (2024) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.052 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
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Serdarević, F., Luo, M., Karabegović, I., Binter, A.-C., Alemany, S., Muetzel, R. L., Guxens, M., Bustamante, M., Hajdarpašić, A., White, T. J. H., et al. (2023) · Epigenetics · doi:10.1080/15592294.2023.2207253 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
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Test Gestáltico de Bender – Modificado y VMI: Una comparación de la validez incremental
Merino, C. (2012) · Psicoperspectivas Individuo y Sociedad · doi:10.5027/psicoperspectivas-vol12-issue1-fulltext-201 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Cervin, M., Højgaard, D. R. M. A., Jensen, S. S., Torp, N. C., Skarphéðinsson, G., Nissen, J. B., Melin, K., Borrelli, D. F., Hybel, K. A., Thomsen, P. H., et al. (2024) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2024.06.003 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Action sequence learning, habits, and automaticity in obsessive-compulsive disorder
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Neuropsychological functioning in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: One size does not fit all
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Wahrnehmungsschwellen und Störungen der Tastsinneswahrnehmung
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Clinical presentation of tics and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
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Perceptual Thresholds and Disorders of the Haptic System
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Study on the Relationship between Sports Skills and Visual Image Operation
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Action-sequence learning, habits and automaticity in obsessive-compulsive disorderPreprint
Banca, P., Ruiz, M. H., González-Zalba, M. F., Biria, M., Marzuki, A. A., Piercy, T., Sule, A., Fineberg, N. A., & Robbins, T. W. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.02.23.23286338 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
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Neural markers in excoriation disorder: Systematic review of neuroimaging evidence
Hodgdon, E. A., Sivils, C. A., Smith, J. E., Witherington, D. C., & Ciesielski, K. T. R. (2025) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2025.112075 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Action-sequence learning, habits and automaticity in obsessive-compulsive disorderPreprint
Banca, P., Ruiz, M. H., González-Zalba, M. F., Biria, M., Marzuki, A. A., Piercy, T., Sule, A., Fineberg, N. A., & Robbins, T. W. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.87346.1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Action-sequence learning, habits and automaticity in obsessive-compulsive disorderPreprint
Banca, P., Ruiz, M. H., González-Zalba, M. F., Biria, M., Marzuki, A. A., Piercy, T., Sule, A., Fineberg, N. A., & Robbins, T. W. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.87346.2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Action-sequence learning, habits and automaticity in obsessive-compulsive disorderPreprint
Banca, P., Ruiz, M. H., González-Zalba, M. F., Biria, M., Marzuki, A. A., Piercy, T., Sule, A., Fineberg, N. A., & Robbins, T. W. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.87346.3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Defining High Functioning OCD (HFOCD)
Meyer, S. J. (2017) · UNM’s Digital Repository (University of New Mexico)
- Authors
- Bloch, M. H., Sukhodolsky, D. G., Dombrowski, P. A., Panza, K. E., Craiglow, B. G., Landeros‐Weisenberger, A., Leckman, J. F., Peterson, B. S., & Schultz, R. T.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-01-19
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 974-983
- ISSN
- 0021-9630 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7610
- PMC
- PMC3625937
- OpenAlex
- W2152716488
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 4.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5k02mh074677-05, 5r01mh073084-06)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH073084, R01MH068318, K01MH079130, K05MH076273, K23MH091240, K02-MH-074677, R25MH077823, T32MH018268)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50HD055726, R01HD055741)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Perfectionism, Procrastination, Anxiety Studies
- Keywords
- long-term outcomes, fine motor skills, visuospatial ability, nonverbal memory, intelligence, neuropsychological deficits, symptom remission, persistence into adulthood, Purdue Pegboard Test, childhood predictors
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Child, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Predictive Value of Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychomotor Performance, Wechsler Scales, Proportional Hazards Models
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