The pain provocation technique for adolescents with chronic pain: Preliminary evidence for its effectiveness
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the "pain provocation technique" (PPT)--a focused treatment strategy incorporating interoceptive exposure (i.e., imagining increases in pain intensity), bilateral stimulation (tactile stimulation), and implementation of pain-related coping to decrease pain intensity--for adolescents suffering from chronic pain. DESIGN: Prospective observational comparative study. METHODS: Adolescents utilizing PPT (19 boys and 21 girls) within multimodal inpatient treatment were compared with adolescents in standard multimodal inpatient treatment matched for age, gender, and diagnosis. Core outcome variables (pain intensity, disability, emotional distress) were assessed at admission and 3 months posttreatment. RESULTS: Adolescents in the PPT group demonstrated a sharper decrease in pain intensity and school aversion. Both groups demonstrated significant reductions in disability and emotional distress. CONCLUSIONS: Results are discussed in terms of the importance of focused treatment strategies such as interoceptive exposure for adolescents suffering from disabling chronic pain. Future studies are warranted to carefully investigate the effectiveness and possible process of change during the PPT such as sensory, cognitive, emotional, and memory aspects.
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Use of interoceptive exposure techniques has been associated with decreased pain intensity and school avoidance, and data suggest these techniques are beneficial at reducing pain severity and altering relevant emotions related to pain.
“Use of interoceptive exposure techniques have been associated with decreased pain intensity and school avoidance, and data suggest that using these techniques are beneficial at reducing pain severity and altering relevant emotions related to pain [96].”
From Best-evidence for the rehabilitation of chronic pain part 1: Pediatric pain (2019) · cites this paper as [96]
The Abstract reports sharper decreases in pain intensity and school aversion among adolescents receiving the pain provocation technique (PPT). But the Introduction describes PPT as combining interoceptive exposure with tapping and coping strategies, so the study does not isolate the effect of interoceptive exposure. The Discussion suggests that school-related emotions may have changed, while noting that these cognitions and emotions were not systematically assessed; page numbers were not provided in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Hechler, T., Dobe, M., Damschen, U., Blankenburg, M., Schroeder, S., Kosfelder, J., & Zernikow, B.
- Affiliations
- Witten/Herdecke University (DE)
- Hochschule Düsseldorf University of Applied Sciences (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Hechler, Tanja
- Venue
- Pain Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-06
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 897-910
- ISSN
- 1526-2375 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-4637
- OpenAlex
- W2114535870
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 3.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Pain Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Vodafone Foundation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Keywords
- chronic pain, adolescents, interoceptive exposure, bilateral stimulation, pain coping, pain intensity, disability, emotional distress
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Child, Chronic Disease, Combined Modality Therapy, Disability Evaluation, Female, Humans, Male, Pain, Pain Measurement, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Treatment Outcome, Pain Management
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