Cited by 258Psychometric Methodologies and TestingPsychological Testing and AssessmentAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 13 of the 13 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A Finnish validation study of the SCL‐90

Holi, M. M., Sammallahti, P. R., Aalberg, V. A.·1998·Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica

DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1998.tb09961.x

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The Symptom Check‐List‐90 (SCL‐90) is a widely used psychiatric questionnaire which has not yet been validated in Finland. We investigated the utility of the translated version of the SCL‐90 in the Finnish population, and set community norms for it. The internal consistency of the original subscales was checked and found to be good. Discriminant function analysis, based on the nine original subscales, showed that the power of the SCL‐90 to discriminate between patients and the community is good. Factor analysis of the items of the questionnaire yielded a very strong unrotated first factor, suggesting that a general factor may be present. This together with the fact that high intercorrelations were found between the nine original subscales suggests that the instrument is not multidimensional. The SCL‐90 may be useful in a research setting as an instrument for measuring the change in symptomatic distress, or as a screening instrument. The American community norms should be used with caution, as the Finnish community sample scored consistently higher on all subscales.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1998.tb09961.x

Cites

13 of 13 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

SCL-90: an outpatient psychiatric rating scale--preliminary report.
Derogatis, L. R., Lipman, R. S., & Covi, L. (1973) · PubMed · Cited by 3,800
The structure and properties of the sense of coherence scale
Antonovsky, A. (1993) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/0277-9536(93)90033-z · Cited by 3,515
The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire
Levy, R. (1973) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(73)90039-1 · Cited by 2,707
The SCL-90 and the MMPI: A Step in the Validation of a New Self-Report Scale
Derogatis, L. R., Rickels, K., & Rock, A. F. (1976) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.128.3.280 · Cited by 2,298
Empirical Study of Self-rated Defense Styles
Bond, M. (1983) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1983.01790030103013 · Cited by 508
Factor structure of the SCL-90 in a psychiatric population.
Hoffmann, N. G., & Overall, P. B. (1978) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.46.6.1187 · Cited by 103
Factor Structure and Discriminant Validity of the SCL-90 in a Veteran Psychiatric Population
Clark, A., & Friedman, M. J. (1983) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4704_10 · Cited by 89
Discriminant and Convergent Validity of the SCL-90 in Psychiatric Inpatients
Dinning, W. D., & Evans, R. G. (1977) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa4103_13 · Cited by 88
The citation index: Another case of spurious validity
Thorne, F. C. (1977) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/1097-4679(197710)33:4 · Cited by 80
The Symptom Check List SCL-90-Rand and Its Ability to Discriminate between Dysthymia, Anxiety Disorders, and Anorexia nervosa
Rief, W., & Fichter, M. M. (2010) · Psychopathology · doi:10.1159/000284763 · Cited by 60

Show all 13 references

Research works printed but not linked: 4

Wider A, 1948, The Cornell Medical Index
Derogatis LR, 1983, SCL‐90‐R administration, scoring, and interpretation manual. II
Lehtinen V, 1991, Mental health and mental disorders in the Finnish adult population
Lehtinen V, 1985, The execution of the Mini‐Finland health survey. Part 4. Survey methods for mental disorders

Sorted by citations

The Symptom Check-List-90-R (SCL-90-R): A German validation study
Schmitz, N., Hartkamp, N., Kiuse, J., Franke, G. H., Reister, G., & Tress, W. (2000) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1023/a:1008931926181 · Cited by 430
Randomized, Controlled Trial of the Effectiveness of Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy and Cognitive Therapy for Cluster C Personality Disorders
Svartberg, M., Stiles, T. C., & Seltzer, M. H. (2004) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.5.810 · Cited by 398
Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the SCL-90-R: A study on a large community sample
Prunas, A., Sarno, I., Preti, E., Madeddu, F., & Perugini, M. (2011) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2010.12.006 · Cited by 344
The SCL‐90 and SCL‐90R versions validated by item response models in a Danish community sample
Olsen, L. R., Mortensen, E. L., & Bech, P. (2004) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2004.00399.x · Cited by 285
A cross-sectional study on mental health among health care workers during the outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019
Cai, W.-P., Lian, B., Song, X.-R., Hou, T.-Y., Deng, G.-H., & Li, H.-F. (2020) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102111 · Cited by 231
How to assess common somatic symptoms in large-scale studies: A systematic review of questionnaires
Zijlema, W. L., Stolk, R. P., Löwe, B., Rief, W., White, P. D., & Rosmalen, J. G. M. (2013) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.03.093 · Cited by 280
Alexithymia and Somatization in General Population
Mattila, A. K., Kronholm, E., Jula, A., Salminen, J. K., Koivisto, A., Mielonen, R.-L., & Joukamaa, M. I. (2008) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e31816ffc39 · Cited by 277
Cohort Profile: The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study (FinnBrain)
Karlsson, L., Tolvanen, M., Scheinin, N. M., Uusitupa, H., Korja, R., Ekholm, E. M. K., Tuulari, J. J., Pajulo, M., Huotilainen, M., Paunio, T., et al. (2017) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyx173 · Cited by 256
Analysis of Psychological and Sleep Status and Exercise Rehabilitation of Front-Line Clinical Staff in the Fight Against COVID-19 in China
Wu, K., & Wei, X. (2020) · Medical science monitor basic research/Medical science monitor. Basic research · doi:10.12659/msmbr.924085 · Cited by 272
Bright light improves vitality and alleviates distress in healthy people
Partonen, T., & Lönnqvist, J. K. (2000) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(99)00063-4 · Cited by 217
Comparison of the GHQ-36, the GHQ-12 and the SCL-90 as psychiatric screening instruments in the Finnish population
Holi, M. M., MARTTUNEN, M. J., & Aalberg, V. (2003) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039480310001418 · Cited by 201
Self-citation
Functional Impairment and Occupational Outcome in Adults With ADHD
Gjervan, B., Torgersen, T., Nordahl, H. M., & Rasmussen, K. B. (2011) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054711413074 · Cited by 208
Bifactor structural model of symptom checklists: SCL-90-R and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) in a non-clinical community sample.
Urbán, R., Kun, B., Farkas, J., Paksi, B., Kökönyei, G., Unoka, Z., Felvinczi, K., Oláh, A., & Demetrovics, Z. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.01.027 · Cited by 155
The Impact of CBT and ACT Models Using Psychology Trainee Therapists: A Preliminary Controlled Effectiveness Trial
Lappalainen, R., Lehtonen, T., Skarp, E., Taubert, E., Ojanen, M., & Hayes, S. C. (2007) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445506298436 · Cited by 162
A systematic review on the therapeutic effectiveness of non-invasive brain stimulation for the treatment of anxiety disorders
Vicario, C. M., Salehinejad, M. A., Felmingham, K. L., Martino, G., & Nitsche, M. A. (2018) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.12.012 · Cited by 172
Self-reported bruxism mirrors anxiety and stress in adults
Ahlberg, J., Lobbezoo, F., Ahlberg, K., Manfredini, D., Hublin, C., Sinisalo, J. P., Könönen, M., & Savolainen, A. (2012) · Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal · doi:10.4317/medoral.18232 · Cited by 149
Symptom-Checkliste SCL-90-R:
Hessel, A., Schumacher, J., Geyer, M. A., & Brähler, E. (2001) · Diagnostica · doi:10.1026//0012-1924.47.1.27 · Cited by 145
Developmental origins of infant emotion regulation: Mediation by temperamental negativity and moderation by maternal sensitivity.
Thomas, J. C., APrON Study Team, Letourneau, N. L., Campbell, T. S., Tomfohr‐Madsen, L. M., & Giesbrecht, G. F. (2017) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/dev0000279 · Cited by 163
ACT Internet-based vs face-to-face? A randomized controlled trial of two ways to deliver Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for depressive symptoms: An 18-month follow-up
Lappalainen, P., Granlund, A., Siltanen, S., Ahonen, S., Vitikainen, M., Tolvanen, A., & Lappalainen, R. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.07.006 · Cited by 138
Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure of the Arabic Version of the 12-Item General Health Questionnaire
Daradkeh, T. K., Ghubash, R., & El-Rufaie, O. E. F. (2001) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.2001.89.1.85 · Cited by 136
Maternal prenatal stress and infant emotional reactivity six months postpartum
Nolvi, S., Karlsson, L., Bridgett, D. J., Korja, R., Huizink, A. C., Kataja, E., & Karlsson, H. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.04.020 · Cited by 135
Mental distress in the Danish general population
Olsen, L. R., Mortensen, E. L., & Bech, P. (2006) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2005.00743.x · Cited by 131
How maternal pre- and postnatal symptoms of depression and anxiety affect early mother-infant interaction?
Hakanen, H., Flykt, M. S., Sinervä, E., Nolvi, S., Kataja, E., Pelto, J., Karlsson, H., Karlsson, L., & Korja, R. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.048 · Cited by 160
Web-Based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Depressive Symptoms With Minimal Support: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Lappalainen, P., Langrial, S., Oinas-Kukkonen, H., Tolvanen, A., & Lappalainen, R. (2015) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445515598142 · Cited by 115
Validity assessment of the symptom checklist SCL-90-R and shortened versions for the general population in Ukraine
Sereda, Y., & Дембіцький, С. С. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-1014-3 · Cited by 118
Is postpartum depression a homogenous disorder: time of onset, severity, symptoms and hopelessness in relation to the course of depression
Kettunen, P. A., Koistinen, E., & Hintikka, J. J. (2014) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-014-0402-2 · Cited by 121
Cortical activation in alexithymia as a response to emotional stimuli
Karlsson, H., Näätänen, P., & Stenman, H. (2008) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.034728 · Cited by 105
Psychological distress and salivary cortisol covary within persons during pregnancy
Giesbrecht, G. F., Campbell, T. S., Letourneau, N. L., Kooistra, L., & Kaplan, B. J. (2011) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.06.011 · Cited by 99
Mood improvement reduces memory complaints in depressed patients
Antikainen, R., Hänninen, T., Honkalampi, K., Hintikka, J., Koivumaa-Honkanen, H., Tanskanen, A., & Viinamäki, H. (2001) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s004060170060 · Cited by 93
Development and psychometric properties of the Emotional State Questionnaire, a self-report questionnaire for depression and anxiety
Aluoja, J. S. A. (1999) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/080394899427692 · Cited by 89
Cytokine Profile and Maternal Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Mid-Pregnancy—The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study
Karlsson, L., Nousiainen, N., Scheinin, N. M., Maksimow, M., Salmi, M., Lehto, S. M., Tolvanen, M., Lukkarinen, H., & Karlsson, H. (2017) · Archives of Women's Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-016-0672-y · Cited by 85
Feasibility of a personal health technology-based psychological intervention for men with stress and mood problems: Randomized controlled pilot trial
Lappalainen, P., Kaipainen, K., Lappalainen, R., Hoffrén, H., Myllymäki, T., Kinnunen, M.-L., Mattila, E., Happonen, A. P., Rusko, H., & Korhonen, I. (2013) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.2389 · Cited by 79
“In a Finnish community sample (n=337) [42], the mean GSI was 0.”
Maternal prenatal psychological distress and hair cortisol levels associate with infant fecal microbiota composition at 2.5 months of age
Aatsinki, A., Keskitalo, A., Laitinen, V., Munukka, E., Uusitupa, H., Lahti, L., Kortesluoma, S., Mustonen, P., Rodrigues, A. J., Coimbra, B., et al. (2020) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104754 · Cited by 86
Maternal Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Is Associated With Sexually Dimorphic Alterations in Amygdala Volume in 4-Year-Old Children
Acosta, H., Tuulari, J. J., Scheinin, N. M., Hashempour, N., Rajasilta, O., Lavonius, T. I., Pelto, J., Saunavaara, V., Parkkola, R., Lähdesmäki, T., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00175 · Cited by 80
Ethnic differences in the mother-son relationship of incarcerated and non-incarcerated male adolescents.
Veen, V. C., Stevens, G. W. J. M., DORELEIJERS, T. A. H., Pels, T. V. M., & Vollebergh, W. (2011) · Pure Amsterdam UMC · doi:10.1186/s13034-016-0111-x · Cited by 31
A psychological flexibility -based intervention for Burnout:A randomized controlled trial
Puolakanaho, A., Tolvanen, A., Kinnunen, S. M., & Lappalainen, R. (2020) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.11.007 · Cited by 82
Associations between psychosomatic symptoms in adolescence and mental health symptoms in early adulthood
Kinnunen, P., Laukkanen, E., & Kylmä, J. (2010) · International Journal of Nursing Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1440-172x.2009.01782.x · Cited by 71
Modulation of facial sensitivity by navigated rTMS in healthy subjects
Valmunen, T., Pertovaara, A., Taiminen, T. J., Virtanen, A., Parkkola, R. K., & Jääskeläinen, S. K. (2009) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2008.12.031 · Cited by 70
Cognitive behavioral therapy for shift workers with chronic insomnia
Järnefelt, H., Lagerstedt, R., Kajaste, S., Sallinen, M., Savolainen, A., & Hublin, C. (2012) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2012.10.003 · Cited by 67
Psychopathological distress predicts suicidal ideation and self-harm in Adolescent Eating Disorder outpatients
Ruuska, J., Kaltiala‐Heino, R., Rantanen, P., & Koivisto, A. (2005) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-005-0473-8 · Cited by 61
Maternal prenatal hair cortisol is associated with prenatal depressive symptom trajectories
Mustonen, P., Karlsson, L., Kataja, E., Scheinin, N. M., Kortesluoma, S., Coimbra, B., Rodrigues, A. J., Sousa, N., & Karlsson, H. (2019) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104383 · Cited by 58
ACT for sleep - Internet-delivered self-help ACT for sub-clinical and clinical insomnia: A randomized controlled trial
Lappalainen, P., Langrial, S., Oinas-Kukkonen, H., Muotka, J., & Lappalainen, R. (2019) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.04.001 · Cited by 57
Adverse childhood experiences and HPA axis function in pregnant women
Thomas, J. C., Magel, C. A., Tomfohr‐Madsen, L. M., Madigan, S. L., Letourneau, N. L., Campbell, T. S., & Giesbrecht, G. F. (2018) · Hormones and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.04.004 · Cited by 58
Affective and psychotic symptoms relate to different types of P300 alteration in depressive disorder
Kaustio, O., Partanen, J. V., Valkonen‐Korhonen, M., Viinamäki, H. T., & Lehtonen, J. (2002) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(01)00410-4 · Cited by 55
Mental health and well-being in a 6-year follow-up of patients with depression
Koivumaa-Honkanen, H. T., Tuovinen, T. K., Honkalampi, K. M., Antikainen, R., Hintikka, J. J., Haatainen, K. M., & Viinamäki, H. T. (2008) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-008-0353-x · Cited by 54
Local and remote functional connectivity of neocortex under the inhibition influence
Fingelkurts, A. A., Fingelkurts, A. A., Kivisaari, R., Pekkonen, E., Ilmoniemi, R. J., & Kähkönen, S. (2004) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.03.013 · Cited by 54
A retrospective analysis of temporomandibular findings among Israeli‐born patients based on the RDC/TMD
Winocur, E., STEINKELLER‐DEKEL, M., Reiter, S., & Eli, I. (2008) · Journal of Oral Rehabilitation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2842.2008.01898.x · Cited by 51
A study of the dimensionality and measurement precision of the SCL‐90‐R using item response theory
Paap, M. C. S., Meijer, R. R., van Bebber, J., Pedersen, G., Karterud, S., Hellem, F. M., & Haraldsen, I. (2011) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.347 · Cited by 49
Alexithymia in patients with coronary heart disease
Valkamo, M., Hintikka, J. J., Honkalampi, K. M., Niskanen, L., Koivumaa-Honkanen, H. T., & Viinamäki, H. T. (2001) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(00)00209-9 · Cited by 49
The validity of the symptom checklist depression and anxiety subscales: A general population study in Sweden
Lundin, A., Hallgren, M. Å., & Forsell, Y. (2015) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.05.024 · Cited by 49
Illuminating the clinical significance of alexithymia subtypes: A cluster analysis of alexithymic traits and psychiatric symptoms
Kajanoja, J., Scheinin, N. M., Karlsson, L., Karlsson, H., & Karukivi, M. (2017) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.04.010 · Cited by 48
The interplay of lorazepam-induced brain oscillations: microstructural electromagnetic study
Fingelkurts, A. A., Fingelkurts, A. A., Kivisaari, R., Pekkonen, E., Ilmoniemi, R. J., & Kähkönen, S. (2003) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2003.10.025 · Cited by 48
Weight loss maintenance: Determinants of long-term success
Sarlio‐Lähteenkorva, S., & Rissanen, A. (1998) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/bf03340000 · Cited by 46
Pregnancy-related anxiety and depressive symptoms are associated with visuospatial working memory errors during pregnancy
Kataja, E., Karlsson, L., Huizink, A. C., Tolvanen, M., Parsons, C. E., Nolvi, S., & Karlsson, H. (2017) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.04.033 · Cited by 45
The role of HPA-axis function during pregnancy in the intergenerational transmission of maternal adverse childhood experiences to child behavior problems
Thomas, J. C., Letourneau, N. L., Dewey, D., Campbell, T. S., Giesbrecht, G. F., & the APrON Study Team (2020) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579419001767 · Cited by 50
Acute trytophan depletion decreases intensity dependence of auditory evoked magnetic N1/P2 dipole source activity
Kähkönen, S., Jääskeläinen, I. P., Pennanen, S., Liesivuori, J., & Ahveninen, J. (2002) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-002-1194-z · Cited by 45
Sexually dimorphic adaptations in basal maternal stress physiology during pregnancy and implications for fetal development
Giesbrecht, G. F., Campbell, T. S., & Letourneau, N. L. (2015) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.03.013 · Cited by 43
Feasibility and Effectiveness of Parent–Child Interaction Therapy with Victims of Domestic Violence: A Pilot Study
Herschell, A. D., Scudder, A. T., Schaffner, K. F., & Slagel, L. (2016) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-016-0546-y · Cited by 42
A Four-Session Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Based Intervention for Depressive Symptoms Delivered by Masters Degree Level Psychology Students: A Preliminary Study
Kohtala, A., Lappalainen, R., Savonen, L., Timo, E., & Tolvanen, A. (2015) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465813000969 · Cited by 43
Datos Normativos y Propiedades Psicométricas del SCL-90-R en Estudiantes Universitarios Chilenos
Fuentealba, R., & Bravo, C. (2008) · Terapia psicológica · doi:10.4067/s0718-48082008000100004 · Cited by 50
Insights into features of anxiety through multiple aspects of psychological time
Åström, E., Wiberg, B., Sircova, A., Wiberg, M., & Carelli, M. G. (2014) · Journal of Integrative Psychology and Therapeutics · doi:10.7243/2054-4723-2-3 · Cited by 40
Why the factorial structure of the SCL-90-R is unstable: Comparing patient groups with different levels of psychological distress using Mokken Scale Analysis
Paap, M. C. S., Meijer, R. R., Cohen‐Kettenis, P. T., Richter‐Appelt, H., Cuypere, G. D., Kreukels, B. P. C., Pedersen, G., Karterud, S., Malt, U. F., & Haraldsen, I. (2012) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2012.03.012 · Cited by 40
Temperament and psychopathological syndromes specific susceptibility for rubber hand illusion
Kállai, J., Gábor, H., Feldmann, Á., Rózsa, S., Darnai, G., Herold, R., Dorn, K., Kincses, P., Csathó, Á., & Szolcsányi, T. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.109 · Cited by 39
Imaging serotonergic transmission with [11C]DASB-PET in depressed and non-depressed patients infected with HIV
Hammoud, D. A., Endres, C. J., Hammond, E. R., Uzuner, Ö., Brown, A. M., Nath, A., Kaplin, A. I., & Pomper, M. G. (2009) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.10.037 · Cited by 40
Defense Styles Explain Psychiatric Symptoms
Holi, M. M., Sammallahti, P. R., & Aalberg, V. (1999) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199911000-00002 · Cited by 39
Self-citation
A brief Acceptance and Commitment Therapy intervention for depression: A randomized controlled trial with 3-year follow-up for the intervention group
Kyllönen, H. M., Muotka, J., Puolakanaho, A., Astikainen, P., Keinonen, K., & Lappalainen, R. (2018) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2018.08.009 · Cited by 38
Sexually dimorphic and interactive effects of prenatal maternal cortisol and psychological distress on infant cortisol reactivity
Giesbrecht, G. F., Letourneau, N. L., Campbell, T. S., & The Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition Study Team (2016) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579416000493 · Cited by 38
Insomnia symptoms increase during pregnancy, but no increase in sleepiness - Associations with symptoms of depression and anxiety
Aukia, L., Paavonen, E. J., Jänkälä, T., Tolvanen, M., Korja, R., Karlsson, L., Karlsson, H., & Polo‐Kantola, P. (2020) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2020.03.031 · Cited by 37
Reliability and validity assessment of the revised S ymptom C hecklist 90 for alopecia areata patients in China
Tan, H., Lan, X., Yu, N., & Yang, X. (2015) · The Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/1346-8138.12976 · Cited by 42
Maternal pre- and postnatal anxiety symptoms and infant attention disengagement from emotional faces
Kataja, E.-L., Karlsson, L., Parsons, C. E., Pelto, J., Pesonen, H., Häikiö, T., Hyönä, J., Nolvi, S., Korja, R., & Karlsson, H. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.064 · Cited by 36
Couple therapy for depression in a naturalistic setting in F inland: a 2‐year randomized trial
Seikkula, J., Aaltonen, J., Kalla, O., Saarinen, P., & Tolvanen, A. J. (2012) · Journal of Family Therapy · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6427.2012.00592.x · Cited by 35
Cluster C personality disorder impedes alleviation of symptoms in major depression
Viinamäki, H. T., Hintikka, J., Honkalampi, K. M., Koivumaa-Honkanen, H. T., Kuisma, S., Antikainen, R., Tanskanen, A. J., & Lehtonen, J. (2002) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(01)00412-8 · Cited by 35
Continuity and discontinuity of depressed mood from late adolescence to young adulthood: The mediating and stabilizing roles of young adults’ socioeconomic attainment
Wickrama, K. A. S., Conger, R. D., Lorenz, F. O., & Martin, M. J. (2011) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.08.014 · Cited by 34
Sexual functioning and psychological well-being after uterine artery embolization in women with symptomatic uterine fibroids
Voogt, M. J., Vries, J. D., Fonteijn, W. A., Lohle, P. N. M., & Boekkooi, P. F. (2008) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.06.007 · Cited by 34
Pilot Evaluation of the Impact of Structured Child-Centered Interventions on Psychiatric Symptom Profile of Parents with Serious Somatic Illness: Struggle for Life Trial
Niemelä, M., Repo, J., Wahlberg, K.-E., Hakko, H. H., & Räsänen, S. (2012) · Journal of Psychosocial Oncology · doi:10.1080/07347332.2012.664258 · Cited by 33
PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS, EXPERIENCES OF EGO LOSS AND SPIRITUALITY: EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF SPIRITUAL PRACTICE
Kohls, N., & Walach, H. (2007) · Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal · doi:10.2224/sbp.2007.35.10.1301 · Cited by 33
Cognitive functioning in severe somatization – a pilot study
Niemi, P. M., Portin, R. I., Aalto, S., Hakala, M., & Karlsson, H. (2002) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2002.01445.x · Cited by 33
The role of alexithymia and perceived stress in mental health responses to COVID-19: A conditional process model
Li, R., Kajanoja, J., Lindblom, J., Korja, R., Karlsson, L., Karlsson, H., Nolvi, S., & Karukivi, M. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.024 · Cited by 36
Quality of life of patients with asthma related to damp and moldy work environments
Karvala, K., Uitti, J., Luukkonen, R. A., & Nordman, H. (2012) · Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.3289 · Cited by 32
Gut Microbiota Composition in Mid-Pregnancy Is Associated with Gestational Weight Gain but Not Prepregnancy Body Mass Index
Aatsinki, A., Uusitupa, H., Munukka, E., Pesonen, H., Rintala, A., Pietilä, S., Lahti, L., Eerola, E., Karlsson, L., & Karlsson, H. (2018) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2017.6488 · Cited by 33
The impact of positive and negative spiritual experiences on distress and the moderating role of mindfulness
Kohls, N., Walach, H., & Lewith, G. (2009) · Archive for the Psychology of Religion · doi:10.1163/008467209x12524724282032 · Cited by 32
Therapists’ professional and personal characteristics as predictors of outcome in long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy and psychoanalysis
Heinonen, E. O., Knekt, P., Jääskeläinen, T., & Lindfors, O. (2013) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2013.07.002 · Cited by 31
Subjective Well-Being of Chinese Sina Weibo Users in Residential Lockdown During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Machine Learning Analysis
Wang, Y., Wu, P., Liu, X., Li, S., Zhu, T., & Zhao, N. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/24775 · Cited by 31
Psychometric analysis of Common Mental Disorders — Screening Questionnaire (CMD-SQ) in long-term sickness absence
Søgaard, H. J., & Bech, P. (2009) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/1403494809344653 · Cited by 32
The use of the Symptom Checklist 90-R in exploring the factor structure of mental disorders and the neglected fact of comorbidity.
Kostaras, P., Martinaki, S., Asimopoulos, C., Maltezou, M., & Papageorgiou, C. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113522 · Cited by 29
Cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic insomnia in occupational health services: analyses of outcomes up to 24 months post-treatment.
Järnefelt, H., Sallinen, M., Luukkonen, R., Kajaste, S., Savolainen, A., & Hublin, C. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.02.007 · Cited by 28
Towards a physically more active lifestyle based on one’s own values: study design of a randomized controlled trial for physically inactive adults
Kangasniemi, A. M., Lappalainen, R. I., Kankaanpää, A., Kulmala, J., Hakonen, H., & Tammelin, T. (2013) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-671 · Cited by 30
Alcohol and tobacco use in men: the role of alexithymia and externally oriented thinking style
Kajanoja, J., Scheinin, N. M., Karukivi, M., Karlsson, L., & Karlsson, H. (2018) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.1080/00952990.2018.1528267 · Cited by 26
Comparison of Axis II psychosocial assessment methods of RDC/TMD and DC/TMD as part of DC/TMD‐FIN phase II validation studies in tertiary care Finnish TMD pain patients
Hietaharju, M., Kivimäki, I., Heikkilä, H., Näpänkangas, R., Teerijoki‐Oksa, T., Tanner, J., Kemppainen, P., Tolvanen, M., Suvinen, T. I., & Sipilä, K. (2021) · Journal of Oral Rehabilitation · doi:10.1111/joor.13260 · Cited by 26
Cohort profile: the Prospective Research In Stress-Related Military Operations (PRISMO) study in the Dutch Armed Forces
van der Wal, S. J., Gorter, R., Reijnen, A., Geuze, E., & Vermetten, E. H. G. J. M. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026670 · Cited by 26
The Perceived Parental Support (PPS) Scale: Validity and Reliability in the 2006 Youth in Europe Substance Use Prevention Survey
Kristjansson, A. L., Sigfusdottir, I. D., Karlsson, T., & Allegrante, J. P. (2011) · Child Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s12187-010-9095-x · Cited by 25
Substance abusing mothers in residential treatment with their babies: Postnatal psychiatric symptomatology and its association with mother–child relationship and later need for child protection actions
Pajulo, M., Pyykkönen, N., Kalland, M., Sinkkonen, J., Helenius, H. Y. M., & Punamäki, R. (2010) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/08039488.2010.494310 · Cited by 25
Serotonin Modulates Early Cortical Auditory Processing in Healthy Subjects. Evidence from MEG with Acute Tryptophan Depletion
Kähkönen, S. (2002) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(02)00357-3 · Cited by 26
Association of depression and anxiety with different aspects of dental anxiety in pregnant mothers and their partners
Lahti, S. M., Tolvanen, M., Humphris, G. M., Freeman, R., Rantavuori, K., Karlsson, L., & Karlsson, H. (2019) · Community Dentistry And Oral Epidemiology · doi:10.1111/cdoe.12511 · Cited by 24
Sex differences, asymmetry, and age‐related white matter development in infants and 5‐year‐olds as assessed with tract‐based spatial statistics
Kumpulainen, V., Merisaari, H., Silver, E. A., Copeland, A., Pulli, E. P., Lewis, J. D., Saukko, E., Shulist, S. J., Saunavaara, J. P., Parkkola, R. K., et al. (2023) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.26238 · Cited by 23
SCL-90-R emotional distress ratings in substance use and impulse control disorders: One-factor, oblique first-order, higher-order, and bi-factor models compared
Arrindell, W. A., Urbán, R., Carrozzino, D., Bech, P., Demetrovics, Z., & Roozen, H. G. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.05.019 · Cited by 24
Psychiatric (Axis I) and personality (Axis II) disorders and subjective psychiatric symptoms in chronic tinnitus
Sahlsten, H., Taiminen, T. J., Karukivi, M., Sjösten, N., Nikkilä, J., Virtanen, J., Paavola, J., Joutsa, J., Niinivirta‐Joutsa, K., Takala, M., et al. (2017) · International Journal of Audiology · doi:10.1080/14992027.2017.1409440 · Cited by 23
Mental health and quality of life after feminizing genitoplasty
Fagerholm, R., Mattila, A. K., Roine, R. P., Sintonen, H., & Taskinen, S. (2012) · Journal of Pediatric Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.08.018 · Cited by 23
Are there differences in the attitudinal body image between adolescent anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?
Ruuska, J., Kaltiala‐Heino, R., Rantanen, P., & Koivisto, A. (2005) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/bf03327531 · Cited by 23
The influence of maternal psychological distress on the mode of birth and duration of labor: findings from the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study
Sanni, K.-R., Ekholm, E. M. K., Scheinin, N. M., Laura, K., Karlsson, L., & Karlsson, H. (2022) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-022-01212-0 · Cited by 22

Authors: Holi, M. M., Sammallahti, P. R., & Aalberg, V. A.
Affiliations: University of Helsinki (FI)
Corresponding author: Holi, M. M.
ORCID: Holi, M. M.
Venue: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1998-01
Volume: 97
Issue: 1
Pages: 42-46
ISSN: 0001-690X (ISSN-L)
1600-0447
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1998.tb09961.x
OpenAlex: W2121243024
Cited by: 258
References: 13
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 7.98
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 3603 d)
Locations: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: SCL-90, Finnish translation, psychometric validation, community norms, mental health screening, psychological distress, factor structure, multidimensionality, Finnish population
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Ambulatory Care, Mental Disorders, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Female, Finland, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Psychometrics, Psychophysiologic Disorders, Reference Values, Somatoform Disorders, Reproducibility of Results

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

A Finnish validation study of the SCL‐90

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks