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Cited by 68Personality Disorders and PsychopathologyPsychosomatic Disorders and Their TreatmentsPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research

The course of dissociation for patients with borderline personality disorder and axis II comparison subjects: a 10‐year follow‐up study

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Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Jager‐Hyman, S., Reich, D. B., Fitzmaurice, G.·2008·Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01247.xPMC PMC3876894
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Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the severity of dissociation reported by borderline patients and axis II comparison subjects over 10 years of prospective follow‐up. Method: The Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) – a 28‐item self‐report measure – was administered to 290 borderline in‐patients and 72 axis II comparison subjects during their index admission. It was also re‐administered at five contiguous 2‐year follow‐up periods. Results: The overall severity of dissociative experiences of those in both study groups decreased significantly over time but was discernibly greater in borderline patients (61% vs. 43%). The same pattern emerged for the subtypes of dissociation that were studied: absorption, depersonalization and amnesia. Conclusion: The severity of dissociation declines significantly over time for even severely ill borderline patients. However, it remains as a recurring problem for over a third of those with DES scores that initially were in the range associated with trauma‐spectrum disorders.

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  • Stress-related dissociation occurs in about 75-80% of BPD patients.

    “Stress-related dissociation occurs in about 75–80% of BPD patients [6, 113–118],”

    From Dissociation and Alterations in Brain Function and Structure: Implications for Borderline Personality Disorder (2017) · cites this paper as [117]

    The paper’s introductory discussion says dissociative experiences are common among patients with BPD. It does not give a 75–80% prevalence estimate, and the Discussion says further research is needed to determine whether those experiences are stress-related rather than chronic. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Dissociative comorbidity is more frequently reported by patients with BPD than by other groups.

    “dissociative comorbidity is more frequently reported by patients with BPD than other groups”

    From A developmental, mentalization-based approach to the understanding and treatment of borderline personality disorder (2009) · cites this paper as Zanarini, Frankenburg, Jager-Hyman, Reich, & Fitzmaurice, 2008

    The Results report that 76 borderline patients, but only two axis II comparison subjects, had high dissociation scores at baseline. This supports a difference in reported dissociative symptoms between those groups, not a higher frequency of diagnosed dissociative comorbidity across other groups generally. The paper measures symptoms with the Dissociative Experiences Scale rather than reporting rates of comorbid dissociative disorders. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Dissociation may be an extreme indication of separateness.

    “may be an extreme indication of such separateness (Ross, 2007; Zanarini et al., 2008).”

    From A developmental, mentalization-based approach to the understanding and treatment of borderline personality disorder (2009) · cites this paper as Zanarini et al., 2008

    The Methods describe dissociation through absorption, depersonalization, and amnesia, while the Discussion reports how their severity changed over time. Neither section characterizes dissociation as an extreme indication of separateness; searches for separateness and related descriptions found no such passage. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.75)

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Authors
Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Jager‐Hyman, S., Reich, D. B., & Fitzmaurice, G.
Affiliations
Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author
Zanarini, M. C.
ORCID
Venue
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2008-09-10
Volume
118
Issue
4
Pages
291-296
ISSN
  • 0001-690X (ISSN-L)
  • 1600-0447
DOI
10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01247.x
PMC
PMC3876894
OpenAlex
W2033332056
Cited by
68
References
31
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
FWCI
4.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • McLean Hospital
  • National Institute of Mental Health (MH-62169, MH4758, R01MH062169)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Keywords
borderline personality disorder, dissociation, Dissociative Experiences Scale, depersonalization, amnesia, absorption, dissociative experiences, long-term follow-up, Axis II personality disorders
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Borderline Personality Disorder, Dissociative Disorders, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Massachusetts, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Recurrence, Remission, Spontaneous, Self Disclosure, Severity of Illness Index, Comorbidity, Young Adult

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