Cited by 150Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesGastrointestinal motility and disordersPsychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments

State and trait anxiety and depression in patients affected by gastrointestinal diseases: psychometric evaluation of 1641 patients referred to an internal medicine outpatient setting: Affective disorders in gastrointestinal diseases

Addolorato, G., Mirijello, A., D’Angelo, C., Leggio, L., Ferrulli, A., Abenavoli, L., Vonghia, L., Cardone, S. +4 more·2008·International Journal of Clinical Practice

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate state and trait form of anxiety and current depression in patients affected by gastrointestinal diseases. METHODS: We studied 1641 outpatients with gastrointestinal disorders, consecutively referred to our Internal Medicine outpatients from 1997 to 2005. State and trait anxiety were assessed by the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory. Current depression was assessed by the Zung self-rating depression scale. RESULTS: Among patients, 1379 (84.1%) showed state anxiety, 1098 (67%) showed trait anxiety and 442 (27%) showed current depression. The number of gastrointestinal diseases was directly correlated to state anxiety (p < 0.001) and trait anxiety (p = 0.04). Females showed higher levels of anxiety and depression than males (p < 0.001). State anxiety was related to food allergies (p < 0.001), small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) (p = 0.001), Hp infection (p = 0.01) and ulcerative colitis in active phase (p = 0.03). Trait anxiety was related to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (p < 0.001), Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection (p = 0.001), food allergies (p = 0.001) and SIBO (p = 0.001). Current depression was related to IBS (p < 0.001) and coeliac disease (p = 0.01), SIBO (p = 0.02). A predicted probability of 0.77 +/- 0.16 to have state anxiety, of 0.66 +/- 0.12 to have trait anxiety and of 0.39 +/- 0.14 to have depression was found in these patients. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the patients who seek medical consultation for gastrointestinal problems show an associated affective disorder. These patients should be managed by a team including gastroenterologists, psychologists and/or psychiatrists, or by a gastroenterologist having expertise in the treatment of psychological disorders.

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Authors
Addolorato, G., Mirijello, A., D’Angelo, C., Leggio, L., Ferrulli, A., Abenavoli, L., Vonghia, L., Cardone, S., Leso, V., Cossari, A., Capristo, E., & Gasbarrini, G.
Affiliations
  • Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (IT)
  • University of Calabria (IT)
Venue
International Journal of Clinical Practice
Published
2008-04-18
Volume
62
Issue
7
Pages
1063-1069
ISSN
1368-5031 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1573315265
Cited by
150
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
FWCI
7.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • International Journal of Clinical Practice (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Keywords
state anxiety, trait anxiety, depression, gastrointestinal diseases, irritable bowel syndrome, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, Helicobacter pylori infection, celiac disease, food allergy, ulcerative colitis, sex differences, mood disorders, psychosomatic medicine
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Female, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Humans, Italy, Male, Middle Aged, Outpatients, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Young Adult

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