Increased Risks of Developing Anxiety and Depression in Young Patients With Crohn's Disease
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OBJECTIVES: Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with substantial psychosocial burden and increased risks for mental health disorders. This retrospective cohort study compared the risks of developing anxiety disorders and depression and incidences of psychotropic medication use between young CD patients and matched CD-free controls. METHODS: Medical claims, prescription drug claims, enrollment, and demographic data for patients <18 years diagnosed with CD were obtained from the MarketScan database (1 January 2000-30 June 2006). Each CD patient was matched with five CD-free controls based on exact age, sex, and months of health plan enrollment. Incidence rates and risks of developing anxiety disorders and depression and psychotropic medication use in the 6 months after the index date were compared, as were risks of developing persistent anxiety or depression (receiving medical services related to a diagnosis of anxiety or depression or psychotropic therapy for >1 year). RESULTS: After adjustment for patient characteristics, the risks of developing anxiety disorders (hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI);[equals;2.28 [1.65-3.17]) and depression (HR [95% CI;[equals;1.74 [1.35-2.25]) after CD diagnosis were significantly greater for the CD cohort (N=2,144) than for CD-free controls (N=10,720). Patients with CD also had greater risks of developing persistent anxiety and persistent depression (HR [95% CI;[equals;4.35 [2.22-8.50] and 2.75 [1.73-4.38], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with matched CD-free controls, young patients with CD had significantly greater risks of developing anxiety disorders and depression, were more likely to receive psychotropic treatments, and had significantly greater risks of developing persistent anxiety and depression.
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Nine of 13 studies found significantly higher rates and/or levels of depression in IBD participants than in healthy controls.
“Nine found significantly higher rates and/or levels of depression in IBD participants than in healthy controls (n=3,517 IBD; n=12,212 controls) (9, 15, 16, 19-22, 24, 26).”
From Controversies Revisited: A Systematic Review of the Comorbidity of Depression and Anxiety with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (2016) · cites this paper as [22]
Two studies were relevant to controversy 5, examining incidence of anxiety and depression post-diagnosis in children, and retrospective evaluation of timing of onset in relation to IBD in adults.
“However, two studies were relevant to this controversy, examining incidence of anxiety and depression post-diagnosis in children, and retrospective evaluation of timing of onset in relation to IBD in adults (9, 22).”
From Controversies Revisited: A Systematic Review of the Comorbidity of Depression and Anxiety with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (2016) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Loftus, E. V., Guérin, A., Yu, A. P., Wu, E. Q., Yang, M., Chao, J., & Mulani, P. M.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Analysis Group (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Loftus, Edward V
- Venue
- American Journal of Gastroenterology
- Published
- 2011-09
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1670-1677
- ISSN
- 0002-9270 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2106480963
- Cited by
- 142
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 5.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- www.springer.com/tdm (unspecified)
- Locations
- The American Journal of Gastroenterology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Otsuka America
- ActoGeniX
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- Crohn's disease, anxiety disorders, depression, psychotropic drug use, young patients, persistent anxiety, dysthymia, mental health risk, psychosocial burden
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Age Factors, Antidepressive Agents, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Child, Child, Preschool, Crohn Disease, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Infant, Insurance, Health, Male, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Antipsychotic Agents, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Incidence
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