Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 225

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 13 of the 13 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A MULTILEVEL INVESTIGATION OF LEADER– MEMBER EXCHANGE, INFORMAL LEADER EMERGENCE, AND INDIVIDUAL AND TEAM PERFORMANCE

ZHANG, ZHEN, WALDMAN, DAVID A., WANG, ZHEN·2012·Personnel Psychology

Abstract

This study examines the antecedents and outcomes of informal leader emergence in work teams. Drawing upon research in vertical and shared leadership, we hypothesized that the relationship between leader‐‐member exchange (LMX) quality and employees’ emergence as informal leaders is moderated by team shared vision such that there is a positive (negative) LMX—leader emergence relationship for teams with high (low) shared vision. Informal leader emergence, in turn, was expected to relate to higher individual and team performance. Results based on multisource and multimethod data collected at 3 points in time (361 followers in 74 work teams) provided support for these hypotheses. The findings highlight the role played by formal leaders and team shared vision in jointly promoting or inhibiting informal leader emergence and thereby impacting individual performance and team effectiveness.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2011.01238.x

Cites

13 of 13 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 13 references

Cited by

See all 225

Metadata

Authors
ZHANG, Z., WALDMAN, D. A., & WANG, Z.
Venue
Personnel Psychology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2012-02-27
Volume
65
Issue
1
Pages
49-78
ISSN
  • 0031-5826 (ISSN-L)
  • 1744-6570
OpenAlex
W1947336137
Cited by
225
References
13
FWCI
18.29
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A MULTILEVEL INVESTIGATION OF LEADER– MEMBER EXCHANGE, INFORMAL LEADER EMERGENCE, AND INDIVIDUAL AND TEAM PERFORMANCE. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2011.01238.x
The paper
ZHANG, Z., WALDMAN, D. A., & WANG, Z. (2012). A MULTILEVEL INVESTIGATION OF LEADER– MEMBER EXCHANGE, INFORMAL LEADER EMERGENCE, AND INDIVIDUAL AND TEAM PERFORMANCE. Personnel Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2011.01238.x

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.