Understanding the effects of empowering, transformational and ethical leadership on promotive and prohibitive voice: A moderated mediated examination
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to compare the direct and indirect effects of transformational, ethical and empowering leadership (EL) on promotive and prohibitive voice behavior. The study also explores the mediating effects of leader-member exchange (LMX) and moderating effects of individual power distance orientation (IPDO) in the hypothesized model. The research conducted attempts to identify the most suitable leadership style for encouraging promotive and prohibitive voice behavior in service sector organizations in India. Design/methodology/approach: Purposive and snowball sampling was used for data collection. Necessary condition analysis (NCA) was conducted to identify the most suitable style for encouraging promotive and prohibitive voice behavior. The results NCA were later verified using the structural equation modeling technique. Findings: Results of the study displayed the supremacy of EL style in promoting high-quality LMX and “promotive and prohibitive” voice over transformational and ethical leadership in Indian service organizations. Considering the overall results of the study, EL appears to be the most suitable style for encouraging promotive and prohibitive voice in a high power distance country like India. Research limitations/implications: Self-reported measures utilized in the study might have affected the findings and hence, should be interpreted with caution. Practical implications: Researchers propose the adoption of EL style for encouraging promotive and prohibitive voice in Indian service sector organizations. The researchers also highlight the noteworthy impact of LMX and IPDO on promotive and prohibitive voice behavior, which makes it a point for the leaders to work toward lowering IPDO amongst followers to promote both promotive and prohibitive voice behavior for the growth of an organization. Originality/value: The study is the first one to conduct a comparative moderated mediated examination to analyze the effects of transformational, ethical and EL in encouraging promotive and prohibitive voice behavior in Indian organizations.
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- Authors
- Jada, U. R., & Mukhopadhyay, S.
- Affiliations
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IN)
- Venue
- Personnel Review
- Publisher
- Emerald
- Published
- 2019-04-01
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 707-730
- ISSN
- 0048-3486 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2922049751
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 118
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5
- FWCI
- 9.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Personnel Review (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Employee Performance and Leadership
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Leadership and Management in Organizations
- Keywords
- empowering leadership, transformational leadership, ethical leadership, promotive voice, prohibitive voice, leader-member exchange, service sector organizations, Indian organizations, necessary condition analysis, moderated mediation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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