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Dietary fructose: implications for dysregulation of energy homeostasis and lipid/carbohydrate metabolism.
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Fructose intake and the prevalence of obesity have both increased over the past two to three decades. Compared with glucose, the hepatic metabolism of fructose favors lipogenesis, which may contribute to hyperlipidemia and obesity. Fructose does not increase insulin and leptin or suppress ghrelin, which suggests an endocrine mechanism by which it induces a positive energy balance. This review examines the available data on the effects of dietary fructose on energy homeostasis and lipid/carbohydrate metabolism. Recent publications, studies in human subjects, and areas in which additional research is needed are emphasized.
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“Foods that contain potent substrates for triglyceride production such as simple sugars, fructose, and alcohol can substantially increase triglyceride levels in susceptible people (80, 81).”
From Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline (2012) · cites this paper as [80]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Havel, P. J.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Havel, Peter J.
- ORCID
- Havel, Peter J.
- Venue
- Nutrition Reviews
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 133-157
- ISSN
- 0029-6643 (ISSN-L)
- 1753-4887
- OpenAlex
- W2162627097
- Cited by
- 607
- References
- 230
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 54 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 48 · 2012: 37
- FWCI
- 15.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nutrition Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Diabetes Association
- U.S. Department of Agriculture
- Dairy Management
- National Institutes of Health (5r01hl075675-05, 58108, HL‐075675)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL 075675, R01 HL-091333, R01HL107256)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R03DK058108, DK-58108)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Keywords
- dietary fructose, energy homeostasis, lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, obesity, hepatic lipogenesis, hyperlipidemia, insulin, leptin, ghrelin, energy balance
- MeSH terms
- Beverages, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Energy Metabolism, Fructose, Glucose, Humans, Hyperlipidemias, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Leptin, Peptide Hormones, Ghrelin
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