Obesity, diets, and social inequalities
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes follow a socioeconomic gradient. Highest rates are observed among groups with the lowest levels of education and income and in the most deprived areas. Inequitable access to healthy foods is one mechanism by which socioeconomic factors influence the diet and health of a population. As incomes drop, energy-dense foods that are nutrient poor become the best way to provide daily calories at an affordable cost. By contrast, nutrient-rich foods and high-quality diets not only cost more but are consumed by more affluent groups. This article discusses obesity as an economic phenomenon. Obesity is the toxic consequence of economic insecurity and a failing economic environment.
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Conventional wisdom often holds that healthier foods are more expensive than less healthy foods, supported by analyses of costs on a per-calorie basis.
“Conventional wisdom often holds that healthier foods are more expensive than less healthy foods, supported by analyses of costs on a per-calorie basis.149,150”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [149]
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- Authors
- Drewnowski, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Drewnowski, Adam
- ORCID
- Drewnowski, Adam
- Venue
- Nutrition Reviews
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-05
- Volume
- 67
- Pages
- S36-S39
- ISSN
- 0029-6643 (ISSN-L)
- 1753-4887
- OpenAlex
- W2160492459
- Cited by
- 561
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 46 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 47
- FWCI
- 35.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nutrition Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Keywords
- obesity, type 2 diabetes, socioeconomic disparities, diet, food affordability, social gradient, income, food environment, energy-dense foods, economic insecurity, social determinants of health
- MeSH terms
- Energy Intake, Costs and Cost Analysis, Diet, Educational Status, Food, Humans, Nutritive Value, Obesity, Poverty, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors
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