Obesity and the brain: how convincing is the addiction model?
Abstract
An increasingly influential perspective conceptualizes both obesity and overeating as a food addiction accompanied by corresponding brain changes. Because there are far-reaching implications for clinical practice and social policy if it becomes widely accepted, a critical evaluation of this model is important. We examine the current evidence for the link between addiction and obesity, identifying several fundamental shortcomings in the model, as well as weaknesses and inconsistencies in the empirical support for it from human neuroscientific research.
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There are several identifiable circuits in the brain whose dysfunctions uncover real and clinically meaningful parallels between obesity and drug addiction.
“Whether or not certain types of obesity should be defined as behavioural addictions (160), there are several identifiable circuits in the brain (2), whose dysfunctions uncover real and clinically meaningful parallels between the two disorders.”
From Obesity and addiction: Neurobiological overlaps (2013) · cites this paper as [160]
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Food for Thought: Reward Mechanisms and Hedonic Overeating in Obesity
Lee, P. C., & Dixon, J. B. (2017) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-017-0280-9 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ziauddeen, H., Farooqi, I. S., & Fletcher, P. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Fletcher, Paul C.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Neuroscience
- Published
- 2012-03-14
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 279-286
- ISSN
- 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0048
- OpenAlex
- W2033383318
- Cited by
- 462
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 68 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 47 · 2015: 49 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 48 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 7.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (095692, 093270)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- obesity, food addiction, addiction models, overeating, brain changes, neurobiology of eating, clinical practice, social policy, evidence evaluation
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Humans, Hyperphagia, Models, Theoretical, Obesity, Behavior, Addictive
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