Cited by 241Vitamin D Research StudiesTreatment of Major DepressionNutrition and Health Studies

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Vitamin D and the occurrence of depression: causal association or circumstantial evidence?

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Bertone-Johnson, Elizabeth R·2009·Nutrition Reviews

DOI 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00220.xPMC PMC2950608

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Abstract

While recent laboratory-based studies have substantially advanced our understanding of the action of vitamin D in the brain, much is still unknown concerning how vitamin D relates to mood. The few epidemiological studies of vitamin D and depression have produced inconsistent results and generally have had substantial methodological limitations. Recent findings from a randomized trial suggest that high doses of supplemental vitamin D may improve mild depressive symptoms, but important questions persist concerning how vitamin D may affect monoamine function and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to stress, whether vitamin D supplementation can improve mood in individuals with moderate-to-severe depression, and whether vitamin D sufficiency is protective against incident depression and recurrence. At this time, it is premature to conclude that vitamin D status is related to the occurrence of depression. Additional prospective studies of this relationship are essential.

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Authors: Bertone-Johnson, E. R.
Venue: Nutrition Reviews
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2009-08
Volume: 67
Issue: 8
Pages: 481-492
ISSN: 0029-6643 (ISSN-L)
1753-4887
DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00220.x
PMC: PMC2950608
OpenAlex: W2164305641
Cited by: 240
References: 73
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 1.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Nutrition Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH076274, MH076274)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Vitamin D Research Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
Keywords: vitamin D, depression, vitamin D supplementation, mood, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, depression recurrence, vitamin D sufficiency, causal relationship
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Animals, Brain, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Premenstrual Syndrome, Stress, Psychological, Vitamin D, Vitamin D Deficiency, Biogenic Monoamines, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Seasonal Affective Disorder, Receptors, Calcitriol, Mice

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