Soil‐derived trace gas fluxes from different energy crops – results from a field experiment in S outhwest G ermany
Open accessAbstract
Willow coppice, energy maize and M iscanthus were evaluated regarding their soil‐derived trace gas emission potential involving a nonfertilized and a crop‐adapted slow‐release nitrogen (N) fertilizer scheme. The N application rate was 80 kg N ha−1 yr−1 for the perennial crops and 240 kg N ha−1 yr−1 for the annual maize. A replicated field experiment was conducted with 1‐year measurements of soil fluxes of CH4, CO2 and N 2 O in weekly intervals using static chambers. The measurements revealed a clear seasonal trend in soil CO2 emissions, with highest emissions being found for the N‐fertilized M iscanthus plots (annual mean: 50 mg C m−² h−1). Significant differences between the cropping systems were found in soil N 2 O emissions due to their dependency on amount and timing of N fertilization. N‐fertilized maize plots had highest N 2 O emissions by far, which accumulated to 3.6 kg N 2 O ha−1 yr−1. The contribution of CH4 fluxes to the total soil greenhouse gas subsumption was very small compared with N 2 O and CO2. CH4 fluxes were mostly negative indicating that the investigated soils mainly acted as weak sinks for atmospheric CH4. To identify the system providing the best ratio of yield to soil N 2 O emissions, a subsumption relative to biomass yields was calculated. N‐fertilized maize caused the highest soil N 2 O emissions relative to dry matter yields. Moreover, unfertilized maize had higher relative soil N 2 O emissions than unfertilized M iscanthus and willow. These results favour perennial crops for bioenergy production, as they are able to provide high yields with low N 2 O emissions in the field.
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Some papers cover other greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and/or methane.
“Some papers cover other GHGs, like CO2 and/or methane [48, 49, 53–55, 57].”
From Carbon Sequestration by Perennial Energy Crops: Is the Jury Still Out? (2015) · cites this paper as [49]
Experimental evidence for directly measured greenhouse gas emissions was found in 12 papers from eight different experiments, mainly on nitrous oxide from Miscanthus, switchgrass, short-rotation coppice willow and/or short-rotation coppice poplar, mainly following arable but some also after grassland.
“Experimental evidence for directly measured GHG emissions was found in 12 papers from eight different experiments, mainly on nitrous oxide (N2O) from Miscanthus [48–51], switchgrass [52, 53], SRC willow and/or SRC poplar, mainly following arable [48, 49, 54] but some also after grassland [55, 56].”
From Carbon Sequestration by Perennial Energy Crops: Is the Jury Still Out? (2015) · cites this paper as [49]
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- Authors
- Gauder, M., Butterbach‐Bahl, K., Graeff‐Hönninger, S., Claupein, W., & Wiegel, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Hohenheim (DE)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Gauder, Martin
- Venue
- GCB Bioenergy
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-10-27
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 289-301
- ISSN
- 1757-1693 (ISSN-L)
- 1757-1707
- OpenAlex
- W2049014762
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 5.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- GCB Bioenergy (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Bioenergy crop production and management
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Keywords
- nitrous oxide emissions, methane flux, soil CO2 efflux, energy crops, willow coppice, energy maize, Miscanthus, nitrogen fertilization, slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, perennial crops, bioenergy, seasonal variation
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