Application of Hydrochar, Digestate, and Synthetic Fertilizer to a Miscanthus x giganteus Crop: Implications for Biomass and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Adjuik, Toby; Rodjom, Abbey M.; Miller, Kimberley E.; Reza, M. Toufiq M.; Davis, Sarah C.

doi:10.3390/app10248953

Cited by 42Bioenergy crop production and managementSoil Carbon and Nitrogen DynamicsAgricultural Science and Fertilization

Application of Hydrochar, Digestate, and Synthetic Fertilizer to a Miscanthus x giganteus Crop: Implications for Biomass and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

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Adjuik, Toby, Rodjom, Abbey M., Miller, Kimberley E., Reza, M. Toufiq M., Davis, Sarah C.·2020·Applied Sciences

DOI 10.3390/app10248953

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Abstract

Miscanthus x giganteus (miscanthus), a perennial biomass crop, allocates more carbon belowground and typically has lower soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions than conventional feedstock crops, but best practices for nutrient management that maximize yield while minimizing soil GHG emissions are still debated. This study evaluated the effects of four different fertilization treatments (digestate from a biodigester, synthetic fertilizer (urea), hydrochar from the hydrothermal carbonization of digestate, and a control) on soil GHG emissions and biomass yield of an established miscanthus stand grown on abandoned agricultural land. Soil GHG fluxes (including CH4, CO2, and N2O) were sampled in all treatments using the static chamber methodology. Average biomass yield varied from 20.2 Mg ha−1 to 23.5 Mg ha−1, but there were no significant differences among the four treatments (p > 0.05). The hydrochar treatment reduced mean CO2 emissions by 34% compared to the control treatment, but this difference was only statistically significant in one of the two sites tested. Applying digestate to miscanthus resulted in a CH4 efflux from the soil in one of two sites, while soils treated with urea and hydrochar acted as CH4 sinks in both sites. Overall, fertilization did not significantly improve biomass yield, but hydrochar as a soil amendment has potential for reducing soil GHG fluxes.

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The range in yields recorded in sites throughout the United States were consistent with the miscanthus biomass yield recorded throughout the course of the last decade in this study.
“The range in yields recorded in sites throughout the United States were consistent with the miscanthus biomass yield recorded throughout the course of the last decade in this study (Adjuik etal.,2020; Anderson etal.,2011; Arundale etal.,2014; Yost et al., 2017).”
From Decadal change in soil carbon and nitrogen with a Miscanthus × giganteus crop on abandoned agricultural land in southeast Ohio (2024) · cites this paper as Adjuik et al., 2020
In a prior study, when N additions were applied to subplots of the same crop, there were no significant yield increases.
“In a prior study, when N additions were applied to subplots of the same crop, there were no significant yield increases (Adjuik et al., 2020)”
From Decadal change in soil carbon and nitrogen with a Miscanthus × giganteus crop on abandoned agricultural land in southeast Ohio (2024) · cites this paper as Adjuik et al., 2020

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Authors: Adjuik, T., Rodjom, A. M., Miller, K. E., Reza, M. T. M., & Davis, S. C.
Affiliations: Ohio University (US)
Florida Institute of Technology (US)
Corresponding author: Davis, Sarah C.
ORCID: Adjuik, Toby
Miller, Kimberley E.
Reza, M. Toufiq M.
Davis, Sarah C.
Venue: Applied Sciences
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2020-12-15
Volume: 10
Issue: 24
Pages: 8953
ISSN: 2076-3417 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/app10248953
OpenAlex: W3112771745
Cited by: 42
References: 64
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 8
FWCI: 8.10
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Applied Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: Ohio University 1804 Fund (FN2101668)
AEP Foundation (21775)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Bioenergy crop production and management
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Agricultural Science and Fertilization
Keywords: Miscanthus × giganteus, hydrochar, digestate, mineral fertilizers, urea, hydrothermal carbonization, soil greenhouse gas emissions, methane flux, nitrous oxide flux, CO2 flux, biomass yield, nutrient management, soil amendment, abandoned farmland, perennial biomass crops

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Application of Hydrochar, Digestate, and Synthetic Fertilizer to a Miscanthus x giganteus Crop: Implications for Biomass and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

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