Occupational stress among senior police officers.
Abstract
From a survey of over 500 senior UK police officers completing the occupational stress inventory, it was observed that those serving in England and Wales exhibited the highest job stress related to structure and climate, co-worker relationships and their managerial role. There were no inter-regional differences on the individual difference variables, Type A behaviour, locus of control, or on physical health measures. Superintendents in Scotland used coping methods least frequently including domestic/home support, time management and social support, the latter strategy being most used by Northern Ireland officers. Findings relating job stress to job satisfaction were inconsistent with other police populations. Results are discussed in the context of organizational reform in the police service.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
These results are in line with other studies, such as Lipp et al. (2017) who found 52% of their sample felt stressed, and Brown and Cooper (1996) who also found high stress levels.
“These results are in line with other studies, such as the research by Lipp et al. (2017), who found that 52% of their sample felt stressed, and the study by Brown and Cooper (1996), who also found high stress levels.”
From Burnout and Stress Measurement in Police Officers: Literature Review and a Study With the Operational Police Stress Questionnaire (2020) · cites this paper as Brown and Cooper, 1996
Cites
Reiner, R. (2010) · doi:10.1093/he/9780199283392.001.0001 · Cited by 1,886 · see citing works
COOPER, C. L., & MARSHALL, J. (1976) · Journal of Occupational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1976.tb00325.x · Cited by 1,201 · see citing works
Self-citationThe validity of the occupational stress indicator
Robertson, I. T., Cooper, C. L., Williams, J., & Williams, J. (1990) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/02678379008256962 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Self-citationAn evaluation of the Job Characteristics Model
Wall, T. D., Clegg, C., & Jackson, P. R. (1978) · Journal of Occupational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1978.tb00413.x · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Reactions to physically dangerous work: A conceptual and empirical analysis
Jermier, J. M., Gaines, J., & McIntosh, N. J. (1989) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.4030100103 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Inside the RUC: routine policing in a divided society
(1991) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-1804 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Cooper, C. L., Davidson, M. J., & Robinson, P. H. (1982) · PubMed · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citationHingley, P. D. (1986) · Cited by 79 · see citing works
A study of methods used by scottish police officers to cope with work‐induced stress
Alexander, D. A., & Walker, L. (1994) · Stress Medicine · doi:10.1002/smi.2460100210 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Cross-cultural differences in occupational stress among British and German managers
Kirkcaldy, B. D., & Cooper, C. L. (1992) · Work & Stress · doi:10.1080/02678379208260352 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationPersonality Characteristics of Successful Bomb Disposal Experts
Cooper, C. L. (1982) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/00043764-198209000-00009 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationBent Coppers — A Survey of Police Corruption
Morton, J. (1993) · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Managing the Police: Law, Organisation and Democracy.
Fielding, N., Bradley, D., Walker, N., & Wilkie, R. (1987) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2070314 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Managing the stress of change: Occupational stress among senior police officers in Berlin
Kirkcaldy, B. D., & Cooper, C. L. (1992) · Stress Medicine · doi:10.1002/smi.2460080404 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationJob Stress and Satisfaction: International Police Officers
Kirkcaldy, B. D. (1993) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1993.72.2.386 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationOccupational Stress Among International Interpreters
Cooper, C. L., & Cooper, R. (1983) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/00043764-198312000-00012 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationStress among police detectives.
Cooper, C. L., & Pj, G. (1983) · PubMed · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationImpact of work pressures on senior police managers in the United Kingdom
Brown, J. M., Cooper, C. L., & Kirkcaldy, B. D. (1994) · Policing & Society · doi:10.1080/10439463.1994.9964703 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Judge, T. A., & Bono, J. E. (2001) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.80 · Cited by 3,436 · see citing works
Locus of control at work: a meta‐analysis
Ng, T. W. H., Sorensen, K. L., & Eby, L. T. D. T. (2006) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.416 · Cited by 735 · see citing works
The role of core self-evaluations in the coping process.
Kammeyer‐Mueller, J. D., Judge, T. A., & Scott, B. A. (2009) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013214 · Cited by 486 · see citing works
Workplace dimensions, stress and job satisfaction
Fairbrother, K., & Warn, J. R. (2003) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/02683940310459565 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Mental, Physical, and Behavioral Outcomes Associated With Perceived Work Stress in Police Officers
Gershon, R., Barocas, B., Canton, A. N., Li, X., & Vlahov, D. (2008) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854808330015 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Queirós, C., Passos, F., Bártolo, A., Marques, A. J., da Silva, C. F., & Pereira, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00587 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Multilevel Influences on Police Stress
Morash, M., Haarr, R. N., & Kwak, D. (2006) · Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice · doi:10.1177/1043986205285055 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Burns, C. M., Morley, J., Bradshaw, R., & Domene, J. (2008) · Traumatology · doi:10.1177/1534765608319082 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Thompson, B. M., Kirk, A., & Brown, D. F. (2005) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.1056 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Searching for Stress in All the Wrong Places: Combating Chronic Organizational Stressors in Policing
Stinchcomb, J. B. (2004) · Police Practice and Research · doi:10.1080/156142604200227594 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Gender, race, and strategies of coping with occupational stress in policing
Haarr, R. N., & Morash, M. (1999) · Justice Quarterly · doi:10.1080/07418829900094151 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Assessment of a prevention program for work-related stress among urban police officers
Arnetz, B. B., Arble, E. P., Backman, L., Lynch, A., & Lublin, A. (2012) · International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1007/s00420-012-0748-6 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Hassell, K. D., & Brandl, S. G. (2009) · Police Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1098611109348473 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Stress management interventions for police officers and recruits: a meta-analysis
Patterson, G. T., Chung, I. W., & Swan, P. G. (2014) · Journal of Experimental Criminology · doi:10.1007/s11292-014-9214-7 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Sources and Assessment of Occupational Stress in the Police
Deschamps, F., Paganon‐Badinier, I., Marchand, A.-C., & Merle, C. S. (2003) · Journal of Occupational Health · doi:10.1539/joh.45.358 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Alexopoulos, E. C., Palatsidi, V., Tigani, X., & Darviri, C. (2014) · Safety and Health at Work · doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2014.07.004 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Gender differences in the predictors of police stress
Morash, M., Kwak, D., & Haarr, R. N. (2006) · Policing An International Journal · doi:10.1108/13639510610684755 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Occupational stress among law enforcement rangers: insights from Uganda
Moreto, W. D. (2015) · Oryx · doi:10.1017/s0030605315000356 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Police officers, mental (ill-)health and spoiled identity
Bullock, K., & Garland, J. (2017) · Criminology & Criminal Justice · doi:10.1177/1748895817695856 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Risk factors for stress among police officers: A systematic literature review
Galanis, P., Fragkou, D., & Katsoulas, T. A. (2021) · Work · doi:10.3233/wor-213455 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Normalizing extreme work in the Police Service? Austerity and the inspecting ranks
Turnbull, P., & Wass, V. (2015) · Organization · doi:10.1177/1350508415572513 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Hassell, K. D., Archbold, C. A., & Stichman, A. J. (2011) · International Journal of Police Science & Management · doi:10.1350/ijps.2011.13.1.217 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
The effects of stress management interventions among police officers and recruits
Patterson, G. T., Chung, I. W., & Swan, P. G. (2012) · Campbell Systematic Reviews · doi:10.4073/csr.2012.7 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Coping, stress and burnout in the South African police service in Kwazulu-natal
Wiese, L., Rothmann, S., & Storm, K. (2003) · SA Journal of Industrial Psychology · doi:10.4102/sajip.v29i4.124 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Organisational psychosocial hazard exposures in UK policing
Houdmont, J., Kerr, R., & Randall, R. (2012) · Policing An International Journal · doi:10.1108/13639511211215522 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Estresse ocupacional em mulheres policiais
Bezerra, C. D. M., Minayo, M. C. D. S., & Constantino, P. (2013) · Ciência & Saúde Coletiva · doi:10.1590/s1413-81232013000300011 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Identifying the antecedents of work-role overload in police organizations
Duxbury, L., Higgins, C., & Halinski, M. (2015) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854814551017 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Stressors, coping resources and strategies, and police stress in South Korea
Morash, M., Kwak, D., Hoffman, V. J., Lee, C. H., Cho, S. H., & Moon, B. (2008) · Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2008.04.010 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Personality types, coping, and stress in the Norwegian police service
Lau, B., Hem, E., Berg, A. M., Ekeberg, Ø., & Torgersen, S. O. (2006) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2006.04.006 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Police stress and depressive symptoms: role of coping and hardiness
Allison, P., Mnatsakanova, A., McCanlies, E. C., Fekedulegn, D. B., Hartley, T. A., Andrew, M. E., & Violanti, J. M. (2019) · Policing An International Journal · doi:10.1108/pijpsm-04-2019-0055 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Occupational stress in the South African police service
Pienaar, J. W., & Rothmann, S. (2006) · SA Journal of Industrial Psychology · doi:10.4102/sajip.v32i3.439 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Galbraith, N. D., Boyda, D., McFeeters, D., & Galbraith, V. E. (2020) · International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1007/s00420-020-01562-1 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Deschênes, A.-A., Desjardins, C., & Dussault, M. (2018) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2018.1426271 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Zhou, S., Li, M., Chen, S.-R., Jiang, D., Qu, Y., & Xu, X. (2024) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-024-01779-6 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Korre, M., Farioli, A., Varvarigou, V., Sato, S., & Kales, S. N. (2014) · Policing A Journal of Policy and Practice · doi:10.1093/police/pau001 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
The epidemiology of cancer among police officers
Wirth, M. D., Vena, J. E., Smith, E. K., Bauer, S. E., Violanti, J. M., & Burch, J. B. (2012) · American Journal of Industrial Medicine · doi:10.1002/ajim.22145 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Sources of Job Stress in Police Work in a Developing Country
Suresh, R. S., Anantharaman, R. N., Angusamy, A., & Ganesan, J. (2013) · International Journal of Business and Management · doi:10.5539/ijbm.v8n13p102 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
POLICE STRESS AND OCCUPATIONAL CULTURE
Chan, J. B. L. (2010) · Sociology of crime, law and deviance · doi:10.1016/s1521-6136(07)08005-0 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Sources of stress in policewomen: A three-factor model.
Thompson, B. M., Kirk, A. K., & Brown, D. (2006) · International Journal of Stress Management · doi:10.1037/1072-5245.13.3.309 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Police Chief Performance and Leadership Styles
Krimmel, J. T., & Lindenmuth, P. (2001) · Police Quarterly · doi:10.1177/109861101129197950 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Groot, W. N. J., & van den Brink, H. M. (1999) · Journal of Economic Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0167-4870(98)00044-0 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Risk factors for occupational stress among Greek police officers
Galanis, P., Fragkou, D., Καϊτελίδου, Δ., Kalokairinou, A., & Katsoulas, T. A. (2018) · Policing An International Journal · doi:10.1108/pijpsm-09-2018-0131 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Gill, M., Roulet, T. J., & Kerridge, S. P. (2018) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2018.08.005 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Correlates of mental health in occupations at risk for traumatization: a cross-sectional study
Schäfer, S. K., Sopp, M. R., Staginnus, M., Lass‐Hennemann, J., & Michael, T. (2020) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02704-y · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Gender policies and the position of women in the police force in European countries
van der Lippe, T., Graumans, A., & Sevenhuijsen, S. (2004) · Journal of European Social Policy · doi:10.1177/0958928704046880 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Plasma cortisol concentrations and lifestyle in a population of outdoor workers
Rosati, M. V., Sancini, A., Tomei, F., Andreozzi, G., Scimitto, L., Schifano, M. P., Ponticiello, B. G., Fiaschetti, M., & Tomei, G. (2011) · International Journal of Environmental Health Research · doi:10.1080/09603123.2010.506675 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Climate for innovation, performance, and job satisfaction of local police in Spain
Buades, E. G., Palmer, C. R., & Más, M. A. M. (2015) · Policing An International Journal · doi:10.1108/pijpsm-02-2015-0019 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Everyday deficiencies of police surveillance: a quotidian approach to surveillance studies
Sausdal, D. (2018) · Policing & Society · doi:10.1080/10439463.2018.1557659 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
A Study of stress, coping, social support, and mental health in police personnel of Uttar Pradesh
Gupta, B., Singh, S., Sharma, D., & Mishra, P. (2019) · Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.4103/ijoem.ijoem_184_18 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Characterizing the resilient officer: Individual attributes at point of entry to policing.
Burke, K. J., Shakespeare‐Finch, J., Paton, D., & Ryan, M. (2006) · Traumatology An International Journal · doi:10.1177/1534765606296531 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
An experimental study of the impact of body-worn cameras on police report writing
Boivin, R., & Gendron, A. (2022) · Journal of Experimental Criminology · doi:10.1007/s11292-021-09469-8 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Dirty Harry and the station queens: a Mertonian analysis of police deviance
Parnaby, P. F., & Leyden, M. (2011) · Policing & Society · doi:10.1080/10439463.2011.556733 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Occupational stress and health outcome among British and German managers
Kirkcaldy, B. D., Trimpop, R. M., & Williams, S. (2002) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/02683940210439405 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationSingh, S., Gupta, B., & Mishra, P. C. (2021) · Industrial Psychiatry Journal · doi:10.4103/ipj.ipj_207_20 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Predicting three dimensions of police officer stress: does rural or urban setting matter?
Wu, G., & Wen, M. (2019) · Policing An International Journal · doi:10.1108/pijpsm-03-2019-0042 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Job Stressors in Subway Workers and Firemen
Yoon, S. H., Choi, S. J., Shin, D. H., Chung, I. S., & Ha, J. (2007) · Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.35371/kjoem.2007.19.3.179 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AS PREDICTORS OF COPING STRATEGIES AMONG POLICE OFFICERS
Patterson, G. T. (2000) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.2000.87.1.275 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
A Scoping Review of Stress Measurements and Psychometry in Police Research
Rabbing, L., Bjørkelo, B., Fostervold, K. I., Strømme, H., & Lau, B. (2022) · Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology · doi:10.1007/s11896-022-09498-7 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Physiological Responses to Organizational Stressors Among Police Managers
Nota, P. M. D., Scott, S. C., Huhta, J., Gustafsberg, H., & Andersen, J. P. (2024) · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · doi:10.1007/s10484-023-09613-2 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Examining police officers’ perceptions of stress: the role of Person−environment fit
Rief, R. M., & Clinkinbeard, S. S. (2021) · Policing An International Journal · doi:10.1108/pijpsm-02-2021-0034 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Religiosity and stress for police officers
Sigler, R. T., & Thweatt, D. R. (1997) · Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology · doi:10.1007/bf02813807 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Keane, J., & Bell, P. (2014) · QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Chirico, F., Ferrari, G., Taino, G., Oddone, E., Giorgi, I., & Imbriani, M. (2017) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · doi:10.19204/2017/prvl3 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Equal Opportunities and the Police in England and Wales: Past, Present and Future Possibilities
Brown, J. M. (1997) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-25980-9_2 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationAnders, R., Frapsauce, A., Sauvezon, C., & Gilibert, D. (2024) · Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology · doi:10.1186/s12995-024-00444-3 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
A NEW MODEL FOR WORK STRESS PATTERNS
Barhem, B., Emirates, U. A., Abdullah, I. H. T., Alsagoff, S. K., & Ehsan, S. D. (2004) · Universiti Sains Malaysia Institutional Repository (Universiti Sains Malaysia) · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Stress at Work: The Beliefs and Experiences of Police Superintendents
Bonnar, A. J. (2000) · International Journal of Police Science & Management · doi:10.1177/146135570000200402 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
The loosely coupled factors of organizational stress in police forces
Domingues, I., & Machado, J. C. (2017) · Policing An International Journal · doi:10.1108/pijpsm-08-2016-0128 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Li, Y., & Brown, B. B. (2019) · Police Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1098611119845664 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Occupational stress among sex offender treatment managers
Brown, J. M., & Blount, C. (1999) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/02683949910255151 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationMuir, C., Prang, K.-H., Sheppard, D. M., & Newnam, S. (2019) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2019.104525 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Association between psychosomatic symptoms and work stress among Taiwan police officers
Chueh, K., Yen, C., Lu, L., & Yang, M. (2011) · The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.kjms.2010.12.008 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mental Stress and Workers' Compensation Claims among Police Officers
Patterson, G. T. (2009) · Journal of Workplace Rights · doi:10.2190/wr.14.4.d · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Job stress, burnout and coping strategies of South African police officers
Myendeki, A., Nicholas, L., & Bawa, U. (2008) · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Occupational stress among female police officers in an urban setting in South Kerala
Vivek, S., Varghese, R. G., Neethumol, K. S., Sameena, S. S., Reju, R. S., James, P., Rasheed, R., Shereena, V. H., & Vijaysankar, S. (2018) · International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20185281 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Adaptation to Organizational Change: The Role of Meaning-making and other Psychological Resources
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., Schaufeli, W. B., & van den Heuvel, M. (2009) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Factores psicosociales y síndrome de Burnout en una empresa de la rama textil en Guadalajara, México
Pérez, A. B. I. M., Moreno, M. P., & Beltrán, C. A. (2002) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Autopercepción de estrés laboral y distrés: un estudio empírico en la policía municipal
Álvarez, E. T., Sebastián, X. S., Zorriqueta, R. I., & Makirriain, J. M. Z. (2002) · Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Stressors, Stress and Coping in Dual-Demand Environments: The Case of Working ‘Back to Schoolers’
Kariv, D., Heiman, T., & Zion, R. L. (2005) · Journal of Adult and Continuing Education · doi:10.7227/jace.11.1.8 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Daily stress and coping among emergency response officers: a case study
Rodrigues, S., Kaiseler, M., Queirós, C. M. L., & Basto-Pereira, M. (2017) · International Journal of Emergency Services · doi:10.1108/ijes-10-2016-0019 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
TEKANAN KERJA DALAM ORGANISASI KEPOLISAN: TINJAUAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF KECERDASAN EMOSI
Baker, R., & Ibrahim, H. I. (2014) · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The connection of police strategies for coping with workplace problems to stress in two countries
Morash, M., Jeong, S. J., Haarr, R. N., & Hoffman, V. J. (2011) · International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice · doi:10.1080/01924036.2011.571828 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Organizational Stressors Associated with Six Aspects of Police Officer Stress in South Korea
Lim, H.-J., & Kim, J. L. (2016) · ICUS and Nursing Web Journal · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Schaible, L. M. (2006) · Research Exchange (Washington State University) · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Kumaran, M. (2012) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Brown, J. M., Cooper, C. L., & Kirkcaldy, B. D. (2000) · International Journal of Police Science & Management · doi:10.1177/146135570000200303 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Wellbeing of Project Professionals
Cheung, C. M., Cattell, K., Bowen, P. A., & Davis, J. (2020) · doi:10.61175/qjuv1547 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Coping, stress and suicide ideation in the South African Police Service in Gauteng Province.
Swanepoel, C., & Pienaar, J. (2004) · Boloka Institutional Repository (North-west University) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Morash, M., Lee, C., Hoffman, V. J., Cho, S. H., & Haarr, R. N. (2006) · International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice · doi:10.1080/01924036.2006.9678751 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Health status of police personnel in a selected subdivision of Bengaluru District, Karnataka, India
Jeganish, A., Kiran, P. R., Lyngdoh, D. R., Abhay, J., Anand, R. K., Goalla, P. C., & Gnanaselvam, N. A. (2024) · International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health · doi:10.3126/ijosh.v14i1.53102 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Xerri, M. J., Brunetto, Y., Saccon, C., & Wankhade, P. (2024) · Public Administration Quarterly · doi:10.1177/07349149241268571 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Dean, E. J. (2010) · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Individuelle Stressverarbeitung von Polizeibeamten als Grundlage für Präventionsmaßnahmen
Böckelmann, I., Pfister, E. A., Dietze, E., & Schneemilch, N. (2007) · Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie · doi:10.1007/bf03349105 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Lele, S., Patil, S., & Shinde, R. (2024) · Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology · doi:10.1007/s11896-024-09658-x · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Occupational Stress and Demographic Characteristics among Information Technology Professionals
Anantharaman, R. N., S, R. K., Ajitha, E. A., & Kuppusamy, J. (2018) · International Journal of Business and Management · doi:10.5539/ijbm.v13n12p140 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Kaunseling Kelompok Terapi Kognitif dalam Pengurusan Stres dalam kalangan Polis
Sulaiman, W. A. W., Anor, W. N. F. W., Fahrudin, A., & Malek, M. D. A. (2018) · Asian Social Work Journal · doi:10.47405/aswj.v3i3.49 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Searching for Stress in All the Wrong Places
Stinchcomb, J. B. (2008) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420072327-8 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Land, W. M., Guan, J., Smith, P., & Burque, B. (2022) · Police Practice and Research · doi:10.1080/15614263.2022.2056036 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Singh, S., Gupta, B., & Mishra, P. (2022) · Indian Journal of Community Health · doi:10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i01.025 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Cornish, K. M. (1996) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/bf02686935 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
- Authors
- Brown, J., Cooper, C., & Kirkcaldy, B.
- Affiliations
- Hampshire Constabulary (GB)
- University of Manchester (GB)
- Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Brown, Jennifer
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1996-02
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-41
- ISSN
- 0007-1269 (ISSN-L)
- 2044-8295
- OpenAlex
- W2086563387
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 5.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- British Journal of Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Policing Practices and Perceptions
- Keywords
- occupational stress, senior police officers, police superintendents, organizational climate, coworker relationships, managerial roles, Type A behavior pattern, locus of control, coping strategies, social support, job satisfaction, regional variation
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Burnout, Professional, Career Mobility, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Social Support, Stress, Psychological, Organizational Culture, Police
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
