Effects of Vitamin D 3 Supplementation on Lean Mass, Muscle Strength, and Bone Mineral Density During Weight Loss: A Double‐Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Open accessAbstract
Objectives: To compare the effects of 12 months of vitamin D 3 supplementation with that placebo on lean mass, bone mineral density ( BMD ), and muscle strength in overweight or obese postmenopausal women completing a structured weight‐loss program. Design: Double‐blind, placebo‐controlled randomized clinical trial. Setting: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. Participants: Postmenopausal women aged 50 to 75 with a body mass index ( BMI ) of 25 kg/m 2 or greater and a serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration between 10.0 and 32.0 ng/mL (insufficient) (N = 218). Intervention: Oral vitamin D 3 2,000 IU/d or placebo in combination with a lifestyle‐based weight loss intervention consisting of a reduction of 500 kcal to 1,000 kcal per day and 225 min/wk of moderate‐ to vigorous‐intensity aerobic exercise. Measurements: Serum 25(OH)D, body composition, and muscle strength were measured before randomization (baseline) and at 12 months. Mean changes of the groups were compared (intention to treat) using generalized estimating equations. Results: Change in 25(OH)D was significantly different between the vitamin D and placebo groups at 12 months (13.6 ng/mL vs −1.3 ng/mL, P < .001), but no differences in change in lean mass (−0.8 kg vs −1.1 kg, P = .53) or BMD of the spine (−0.01 g/cm 2 vs 0.0 g/cm 2 , P = .82) or right femoral neck (both −0.01 g/cm 2 , P = .49) were detected between the groups. Leg strength decreased in the vitamin D group but not in the placebo group (−2.6 pounds vs 1.8 pounds, P = .03). In women randomized to vitamin D, achieving repletion (25(OH)D ≥ 32 ng/mL) did not alter results. Conclusion: Vitamin D 3 supplementation during weight‐loss decreased leg strength but did not alter changes in lean mass or BMD in postmenopausal women with vitamin D insufficiency.
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- Authors
- Mason, C., Tapsoba, J. D., Duggan, C., Imayama, I., Wang, C., Korde, L., & McTiernan, A.
- Affiliations
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- McTiernan, Anne
- Venue
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-04
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 769-778
- ISSN
- 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5415
- PMC
- PMC4840082
- OpenAlex
- W2322133699
- Semantic Scholar
- 54238c5b6c9b790087f511caf20e913c9a6373bf
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 4.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R03 CA162482–01)
- Breast Cancer Research Foundation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Keywords
- vitamin D3 supplementation, weight loss, postmenopausal women, lean body mass, muscle strength, bone mineral density, vitamin D insufficiency, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, obesity, lifestyle intervention, aerobic exercise, leg strength
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Body Composition, Cholecalciferol, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Washington, Weight Loss, Exercise, Bone Density, Body Mass Index, Postmenopause, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Strength
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