Estimation of optimal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for multiple health outcomes

Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A; Giovannucci, Edward; Willett, Walter C; Dietrich, Thomas; Dawson-Hughes, Bess

doi:10.1093/ajcn/84.1.18

Cited by 2,414Vitamin D Research StudiesBone health and osteoporosis researchNutrition and Health Studies

Estimation of optimal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for multiple health outcomes

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Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A, Giovannucci, Edward, Willett, Walter C, Dietrich, Thomas, Dawson-Hughes, Bess·2006·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

DOI 10.1093/ajcn/84.1.18

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Abstract

Recent evidence suggests that vitamin D intakes above current recommendations may be associated with better health outcomes. However, optimal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] have not been defined. This review summarizes evidence from studies that evaluated thresholds for serum 25(OH)D concentrations in relation to bone mineral density (BMD), lower-extremity function, dental health, and risk of falls, fractures, and colorectal cancer. For all endpoints, the most advantageous serum concentrations of 25(OH)D begin at 75 nmol/L (30 ng/mL), and the best are between 90 and 100 nmol/L (36-40 ng/mL). In most persons, these concentrations could not be reached with the currently recommended intakes of 200 and 600 IU vitamin D/d for younger and older adults, respectively. A comparison of vitamin D intakes with achieved serum concentrations of 25(OH)D for the purpose of estimating optimal intakes led us to suggest that, for bone health in younger adults and all studied outcomes in older adults, an increase in the currently recommended intake of vitamin D is warranted. An intake for all adults of > or =1000 IU (25 microg) [DOSAGE ERROR CORRECTED] vitamin D (cholecalciferol)/d is needed to bring vitamin D concentrations in no less than 50% of the population up to 75 nmol/L. The implications of higher doses for the entire adult population should be addressed in future studies.

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Consequences of prolonged stark vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D <30 nmol/L) can result in inadequate bone mineralization and osteomalacia.
“Consequences of (prolonged) stark vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D <30 nmol/L) can result in inadequate bone mineralization [293] and osteomalacia (a disorder in which bones are softened).”
From Nutritional Considerations for the Vegan Athlete (2023) · cites this paper as [293]

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

Malabanan A, Veronikis IE, Holick MF. Redefining vitamin D insuf- ficiency. Lancet 1998;351:805-6.
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Authors: Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A., Giovannucci, E., Willett, W. C., Dietrich, T., & Dawson-Hughes, B.
Affiliations: Boston University (US)
Corresponding author: Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A
ORCID: Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A
Giovannucci, Edward
Willett, Walter C
Dietrich, Thomas
Venue: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2006-07
Volume: 84
Issue: 1
Pages: 18-28
ISSN: 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/84.1.18
OpenAlex: W2099665543
Cited by: 2,414
References: 155
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 70 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 92 · 2019: 93 · 2018: 112 · 2017: 108 · 2016: 141 · 2015: 159 · 2014: 157 · 2013: 190 · 2012: 191
FWCI: 100.92
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 6085 d)
Locations: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Hartford Foundation for Public Giving
Stiftung zur Förderung der Ernährungsforschung in der Schweiz
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
Keywords: 25-hydroxyvitamin D, vitamin D supplementation, vitamin D intake recommendations, bone mineral density, lower limb function, dental health, falls and fractures, colorectal cancer, older adults, vitamin D dose
MeSH terms: Age Factors, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Humans, Osteoporosis, Periodontal Diseases, Risk Factors, Vitamin D, Colorectal Neoplasms, Bone Density, Nutrition Policy, Bone Density Conservation Agents

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Estimation of optimal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for multiple health outcomes

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