Cited by 213Vagus Nerve Stimulation ResearchInflammatory Bowel DiseaseGastrointestinal motility and disorders

Vagus nerve stimulation: a new promising therapeutic tool in inflammatory bowel disease

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Bonaz, B., Sinniger, V., Pellissier, S.·2017·Journal of Internal Medicine

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), that is Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, affects about 1.5 million persons in the USA and 2.2 million in Europe. The pathophysiology of IBD involves immunological, genetic and environmental factors. The treatment is medico‐surgical but suspensive. Anti‐TNFα agents have revolutionized the treatment of IBD but have side effects. In addition, a non‐negligible percentage of patients with IBD stop or take episodically their treatment. Consequently, a nondrug therapy targeting TNFα through a physiological pathway, devoid of major side effects and with a good cost‐effectiveness ratio, would be of interest. The vagus nerve has dual anti‐inflammatory properties through its afferent (i.e. hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis) and efferent (i.e. the anti‐TNFα effect of the cholinergic anti‐inflammatory pathway) fibres. We have shown that there is an inverse relationship between vagal tone and plasma TNFα level in patients with CD, and have reported, for the first time, that chronic vagus nerve stimulation has anti‐inflammatory properties in a rat model of colitis and in a pilot study performed in seven patients with moderate CD. Two of these patients failed to improve after 3 months of vagus nerve stimulation but five were in deep remission (clinical, biological and endoscopic) at 6 months of follow‐up and vagal tone was restored. No major side effects were observed. Thus, vagus nerve stimulation provides a new therapeutic option in the treatment of CD.

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  • The brain-gut axis is becoming increasingly important as a therapeutic target for gastrointestinal and psychiatric disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder.

    “The brain–gut axis is becoming increasingly important as a therapeutic target for gastrointestinal and psychiatric disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (3), depression (4), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (5).”
  • In response to pathogens and other injurious stimuli, TNF-α is produced by activated macrophages, dendritic cells, and other cells in the mucosa.

    “For example, in response to pathogens and other injurious stimuli, tumor-necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a cytokine, is produced by activated macrophages, dendritic cells, and other cells in the mucosa (3, 65).”

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Sharkey KA, Kroese AB. Consequences of intestinal inflam- mation on the enteric nervous system: neuronal activation induced by inflammatory mediators. Anat Rec 2001; 262: 79-90.
  2. Van Bockstaele E.J., Peoples J., Telegan P. Efferent projec- tions of the nucleus of the solitary tract to peri-locus coeruleus dendrites in rat brain: evidence for a monosynap- tic pathway. J Comp Neurol, 1999; 412: 410-28.
  3. Berthoud HR, Powley TL. Interaction between parasympa- thetic and sympathetic nerves in prevertebral ganglia: mor- phological evidence for vagal efferent innervation of ganglion cells in the rat. Microsc Res Tech 1996; 35: 80-6.
  4. Rush AJ, Marangell LB, Sackeim HA et al. Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: a random- ized, controlled acute phase trial. Biol Psychiatry 2005; 58: 347-54.

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Authors
Bonaz, B., Sinniger, V., & Pellissier, S.
Affiliations
  • Inserm (FR)
  • University Clinic of Hepato‐Gastroenterology University Hospital Grenoble France
Corresponding author
Bonaz, B.
Venue
Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2017-04-18
Volume
282
Issue
1
Pages
46-63
ISSN
  • 0954-6820 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2796
OpenAlex
W2607217038
Cited by
213
References
118
Citations by year
2026: 28 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 9
FWCI
1.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Keywords
vagus nerve stimulation, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, vagal tone, TNF-α, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, anti-TNF therapy, deep remission, rat colitis model
MeSH terms
Afferent Pathways, Complementary Therapies, Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Efferent Pathways, Humans, Splanchnic Nerves, Spleen, Vagus Nerve, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Vagus Nerve Stimulation

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