Acute stress disorder, coping self‐efficacy and subsequent psychological distress among nurses amid COVID‐19
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE: Health care professionals, particularly nurses, are considered a vulnerable group to experience acute stress disorder (ASD) and subsequent psychological distress amid COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to establish the prevalence of acute stress disorder and predictors of psychological distress among Jordanian nurses. METHODS: A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative design was used. Data were collected using a Web-based survey. A total of 448 Jordanian nurses (73% females) completed and returned the study questionnaire. RESULTS: The majority of nurses (64%) are experiencing ASD due to the COVID-19 pandemic and thus are at risk for PTSD predisposition. More than one-third of nurses (41%) are also suffering significant psychological distress. Among our sample, age, ASD and coping self-efficacy significantly predicted psychological distress. More specifically, younger nurses are more prone to experience psychological distress than older ones. While higher scores on ASD showed more resultant psychological distress, coping self-efficacy was a protective factor. CONCLUSION: Given that individuals who suffer from ASD are predisposed to PTSD, follow-up with nurses to screen for PTSD and referral to appropriate psychological services is pivotal. Coping self-efficacy is found to ameliorate the effect of psychological distress on nurses' traumatic experience. Such findings warrant intensive efforts from health care institutions to provide psychosocial support services for nurses and ongoing efforts to screen them for traumatic and psychological distress symptoms. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Nursing leaders and managers are in the forefront of responding to the unique needs of their workforces during the COVID-19 crisis. They need to implement stress-reduction strategies for nurses through providing consecutive rest days, rotating allocations of complex patients, arranging support services and being accessible to staff. They also need to ensure nurses' personal safety through securing and providing personal safety measures and undertake briefings to ensure their staff's physical and mental well-being, as well as providing referrals to appropriate psychological services.
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The COVID-19 pandemic led to increased stress, distress, and burnout across the health and social care workforce, including palliative care.
“The COVID-19 pandemic led to increased stress, distress, and burnout across the health and social care workforce,9–12 including palliative care13–16 and exacerbated the need for healthcare staff support internationally.13–17”
From Feasibility of RESTORE: An online Acceptance and Commitment Therapy intervention to improve palliative care staff wellbeing. (2023) · cites this paper as [12]
The paper’s ‘Implications for practice’ section (page not provided) reports significant acute stress disorder and psychological distress among nurses during COVID-19 and calls for support and stress-reduction measures. It does not establish an increase over time or report burnout across the wider health and social care workforce. The palliative-care clause has separate citations and is not attributed to this paper here. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Shahrour, G., & Dardas, L. A.
- Affiliations
- Jordan University of Science and Technology (JO)
- University of Jordan (JO)
- Corresponding author
- Shahrour, Ghada
- Venue
- Journal of Nursing Management
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-08-30
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1686-1695
- ISSN
- 0966-0429 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2834
- PMC
- PMC7436502
- OpenAlex
- W3047751538
- Cited by
- 276
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 64 · 2022: 79 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 20.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Nursing Management (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Keywords
- acute stress disorder, coping self-efficacy, psychological distress, nurses, COVID-19 pandemic, post-traumatic stress disorder, occupational stress, Jordanian nurses, age as predictor, psychosocial support, stress reduction strategies
- MeSH terms
- Occupational Stress, Psychological Distress, COVID-19, Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Age Factors, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Jordan, Male, Middle Aged, Nurses, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Prevalence, Self Efficacy, Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute, Young Adult
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