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Cited by 29Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchPsychosomatic Disorders and Their TreatmentsTraumatic Brain Injury Research

Incidence and Predictors of Acute Psychological Distress and Dissociation After Motor Vehicle Collision: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Lewis, Gemma C., Platts-Mills, Timothy F., Liberzon, Israel, Bair, Eric, Swor, Robert, Peak, David, Jones, Jeffrey, Rathlev, Niels +4 more·2014·Journal of Trauma & Dissociation
DOI 10.1080/15299732.2014.908805PMC PMC4182147
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We examined the incidence and predictors of peritraumatic distress and dissociation after one of the most common forms of civilian trauma exposure: motor vehicle collision (MVC). METHOD: In this study, patients presenting to the emergency department after MVCs who were without serious injury and discharged to home after evaluation (n = 935) completed an emergency department interview evaluating sociodemographic, collision-related, and psychological characteristics. RESULTS: The incidence and predictors of distress (Peritraumatic Distress Inventory score ≥23) and dissociation (Michigan Critical Events Perception Scale score >3) were assessed. Distress was present in 355 of 935 patients (38%), and dissociation was present in 260 of 942 patients (28%). These outcomes showed only moderate correlation (r = .45) and had both shared and distinct predictors. Female gender, anxiety symptoms prior to the MVC, and vehicle damage severity predicted both distress and dissociation. Higher socioeconomic status (higher education, higher income, full-time employment) had a protective effect against distress but not dissociative symptoms. Better physical health and worse overall mental health were associated with increased risk of dissociation but not distress. Distress but not dissociation was associated with lower patient confidence in recovery and a longer expected duration of recovery. CONCLUSION: There are unique predictors of peritraumatic distress and dissociation. Further work is needed to better understand the neurobiology of peritraumatic distress and dissociation and the influence of these peritraumatic outcomes on persistent psychological sequelae.

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  • Differences in the experience of pain between women and men are extensive and include severity and intensity of reported pain, pain sensitivity, prevalence of chronic pain, pain associated to distress and anxiety, and pain-induced hyperalgesia.

    “Differences in the experience of pain between women and men are extensive and include severity and intensity of reported pain, pain sensitivity, prevalence of CP, pain associated to distress and anxiety, and pain-induced hyperalgesia.67–69”

    From <p>Pain and Evil: From Local Nociception to Misery Following Social Harm</p> (2020) · cites this paper as [69]

    The Results report that female sex and prior anxiety predicted psychological distress after motor vehicle collisions, but do not link those findings to sex differences in pain. The Methods say pain was measured, yet the passages found for pain intensity, sensitivity, chronic pain, and hyperalgesia do not address the claimed differences between women and men. (LLM, conf=0.76)

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  1. Green BL 1990 Defining trauma: terminology and generic stresson dimensions Journal of Applied Socical Psychology 20 1632 1642

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Authors
Lewis, G. C., Platts-Mills, T. F., Liberzon, I., Bair, E., Swor, R., Peak, D., Jones, J., Rathlev, N., Lee, D., Domeier, R., Hendry, P., & McLean, S. A.
Affiliations
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • Beaumont Health (US)
  • Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
  • Spectrum Health (US)
  • Baystate Medical Center (US)
  • North Shore University Hospital (US)
  • Trinity Health Ann Arbor Hospital (US)
  • University of Florida (US)
Corresponding author
McLean, Samuel A.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Trauma & Dissociation
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2014-09-30
Volume
15
Issue
5
Pages
527-547
ISSN
  • 1529-9732 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-9740
DOI
10.1080/15299732.2014.908805
PMC
PMC4182147
OpenAlex
W2062676028
Cited by
29
References
93
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
FWCI
1.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Trauma & Dissociation (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute on Aging (K23AG038548)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR056328)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Keywords
traffic accidents, peritraumatic distress, dissociation, psychological trauma, socioeconomic status, gender differences, anxiety symptoms, mental health, recovery expectations, emergency department patients
MeSH terms
Accidents, Traffic, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dissociative Disorders, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Life Change Events, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Social Class, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, United States, Incidence

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