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Cited by 97Physical Activity and HealthObesity, Physical Activity, DietMotivation and Self-Concept in Sports

Effect of exercise training on psychological outcomes in adults with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Carraça, Eliana V., Encantado, Jorge, Battista, Francesca, Beaulieu, Kristine, Blundell, John E., Busetto, Luca, van Baak, Marleen, Dicker, Dror +6 more·2021·Obesity Reviews
DOI 10.1111/obr.13261PMC PMC8365728
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Abstract

Summary: This study systematically identified the effects of exercise on multiple psychological outcomes among adults with overweight/obesity, also assessing whether these effects differed across exercise types, genders, age, and body mass index (BMI) categories. Pubmed, Web of Science, PsychInfo, and SportDiscus were searched up to October 2019 for peer‐reviewed papers assessing exercise training effects on psychosocial outcomes in adults with overweight/obesity. Thirty‐six articles, 32 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), were included in this review. Most interventions were supervised (65%), ranging between 6 and 76 weeks (median = 12). Sixteen psychological outcomes were studied. Exercise induced positive changes in quality of life but did not reduce depression. Large effect sizes were observed on quality of life's physical component, but exercise was also able to improve vitality and mental health. Most psychological outcomes (e.g., body image, anxiety, and perceived stress) are poorly studied, evidencing either conflicting or null exercise effects. Exercise self‐efficacy and autonomous motivations were also consistently improved. Exercise types and gender seem to moderate exercise psychological effects. Exercise training programs might lead to positive changes in some psychological outcomes, especially in quality of life, in adults with overweight and obesity, but more studies, with greater systematization in program characteristics, and longer follow‐ups are still required to allow more solid conclusions.

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  • Aerobic training, while less effective for preserving lean mass, provides important complementary cardiovascular and psychological benefits.

    “Aerobic training, while less effective for preserving lean mass, provides important complementary cardiovascular and psychological benefits.”

    From Weight maintenance after discontinuation of GLP-1 therapies (2026) · cites this paper as [80]

    The Results (Study characteristics; page not provided) report reduced depression in one aerobic-training group, supporting a psychological benefit in that study. The Results (Exercise-induced effects on depression; page not provided) also report a nonsignificant pooled effect. The cited paper does not establish the claim about lean-mass preservation or complementary cardiovascular benefits. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Carraça, E. V., Encantado, J., Battista, F., Beaulieu, K., Blundell, J. E., Busetto, L., van Baak, M., Dicker, D., Ermolao, A., Farpour‐Lambert, N., Pramono, A., Woodward, E., Bellicha, A., & Oppert, J.
Affiliations
  • Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (PT)
  • ISPA - Instituto Universitário (PT)
  • University of Padua (IT)
  • University of Leeds (GB)
  • NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht Netherlands
  • Tel Aviv University (IL)
  • University of Geneva (CH)
  • European Association for the Study of Obesity (GB)
  • Inserm (FR)
  • Sorbonne Université (FR)
Corresponding author
Carraça, Eliana V.
ORCID
Venue
Obesity Reviews
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2021-05-06
Volume
22
Issue
S4
Pages
e13261-e13261
ISSN
  • 1467-7881 (ISSN-L)
  • 1467-789X
DOI
10.1111/obr.13261
PMC
PMC8365728
OpenAlex
W3159335616
Cited by
97
References
13
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 8
FWCI
2.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Obesity Reviews (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • Oskar-Bordeaux (Universite de Bordeaux) (acceptedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion)
  • Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
Keywords
exercise training, overweight, obesity, psychological outcomes, quality of life, depression, vitality, mental health, body image, anxiety, perceived stress, exercise self-efficacy, autonomous motivation, exercise type, gender differences, body mass index
MeSH terms
Adult, Humans, Obesity, Quality of Life, Exercise, Body Mass Index, Overweight

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