Effects of ionophoresed noradrenaline on the spontaneous activity of neurones in rat primary somatosensory cortex.
Open accessAbstract
Changes in spontaneous activity of rat S1 cortical neurones with identified receptive fields were investigated in reply to ionophoresed noradrenaline (NA). Extracellular levels of NA were maintained constant by continuous electrochemical analysis at the carbon fibre recording tip of the multibarrel micro‐electrode. In the absence of NA there were clear differences in spike amplitude, firing rate and pattern of firing of deep (800‐1400 micron) and superficial (0‐800 micron) cells. Superficial cells responded to low (5 X 10(‐8) to 5 X 10(‐7) M) NA concentrations with simple inhibition. Recovery occurred within a minute or so of extracellular NA concentrations falling below detectable (10(‐8) M) levels. Increases in local concentration merely stopped cells firing. In contrast, cells located in the deep zone could often be excited by very low NA concentrations (less than 10(‐8) M), with inhibition occurring at levels 10‐100 times greater. Most cells, however, were inhibited, with threshold doses for a 50% change in firing rate much higher than for superficial cells. Some cells in the deep zone showed sustained increases in firing rate following an ionophoretic trial. This could occur for periods of up to 1 h after ceasing a trial. Such effects could be produced by levels as low as 10(‐7) M‐NA. Interspike interval analysis for deep cells suggested that their spontaneous activity resembled that established for slow‐wave sleep. During and after excitation by NA the pattern of firing of small groups of these cells changed to that established for the waking state. The effect could persist for up to 1 h following a short (2‐5 min) ionophoretic trial.
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- Authors
- Armstrong‐James, M., & Fox, K.
- ORCID
- Fox, K
- Venue
- The Journal of Physiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1983-02
- Volume
- 335
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 427-447
- ISSN
- 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7793
- PMC
- PMC1197361
- OpenAlex
- W2050773308
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- norepinephrine, iontophoresis, primary somatosensory cortex, spontaneous neuronal activity, cortical depth, firing rate, firing patterns, slow-wave sleep, waking state
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Animals, Iontophoresis, Male, Neurons, Norepinephrine, Rats, Inbred Strains, Sensory Thresholds, Somatosensory Cortex, Time Factors, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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