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Cited by 209Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeural dynamics and brain functionIon channel regulation and function

Actions of norepinephrine in the cerebral cortex and thalamus: implications for function of the central noradrenergic system

McCormick, D.A., Pape, H.-C., Williamson, A.·1991·Progress in Brain Research
DOI 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63817-0
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Abstract

Norepinephrine (NE) has potent and long-lasting ionic effects on cortical and thalamic neurons. In cortical pyramidal cells, activation of beta-adrenergic receptors results in an enhanced excitability and responsiveness to depolarizing inputs. This enhanced excitability is expressed as a reduction in spike frequency adaptation and is mediated by a marked suppression of a slow Ca(++)-activated potassium current known as IAHP. In the thalamus, application of NE results in the suppression of ongoing rhythmic burst activity and a switch to the single spike firing mode of action potential generation. This effect is mediated through an alpha 1-adrenergic suppression of a resting leak potassium current, IKL, and through a beta-adrenoceptor-mediated enhancement of the hyperpolarization activated cation current Ih. Together with the actions of other neuromodulatory neurotransmitters (i.e., acetylcholine, histamine, serotonin) these effects facilitate the switch of these neurons from a state of rhythmic oscillation and low excitability during drowsiness and slow-wave sleep to a state of increased excitability and responsiveness during periods of waking, attentiveness and cognition.

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Crossref · 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63817-0

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  • The sedative effects of guanfacine may arise from a variety of actions, including stimulation of presynaptic α2A-receptors on noradrenergic cell bodies and terminals as well as postsynaptic α2B-receptors in the thalamus.

    “The sedative effects of guanfacine may arise from a variety of actions, including stimulation of presynaptic α2A-receptors on noradrenergic cell bodies and terminals as well as postsynaptic α2B-receptors in the thalamus (Berridge et al., 2003; McCormick et al., 1991).”

    From Catecholamine influences on prefrontal cortical function: Relevance to treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and related disorders (2011) · cites this paper as McCormick et al., 1991

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Authors
McCormick, D. A., Pape, H.-C., & Williamson, A.
Affiliations
Yale University (US)
ORCID
Venue
Progress in Brain Research
Publisher
Elsevier
Published
1991
Volume
88
Pages
293-305
ISSN
0079-6123 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63817-0
OpenAlex
W81520806
Cited by
209
References
55
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 9
FWCI
2.58
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Progress in brain research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institutes of Health
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion channel regulation and function
Keywords
norepinephrine, central noradrenergic system, cerebral cortex, thalamus, beta-adrenergic receptors, alpha1-adrenoceptors, cortical pyramidal neurons, spike frequency adaptation, hyperpolarization-activated current, neuronal excitability, sleep-wake cycle, neuromodulation
MeSH terms
Action Potentials, Adrenergic Fibers, Arousal, Cations, Cerebral Cortex, Ion Channels, Locus Coeruleus, Models, Neurological, Norepinephrine, Receptors, Adrenergic, Sleep Stages, Thalamus, Ion Channel Gating, Neurotransmitter Agents

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