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Cited by 251Muscle activation and electromyography studiesNeuroscience of respiration and sleepMotor Control and Adaptation

Activation of the human diaphragm from the motor cortex.

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Gandevia, S C, Rothwell, J C·1987·The Journal of Physiology
DOI 10.1113/jphysiol.1987.sp016445PMC PMC1192253
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Abstract

1. Rapidly conducting corticofugal pathways were activated by percutaneous electrical stimulation of the motor cortex in normal subjects. The electromyographic response produced in the diaphragm was assessed with recordings via a gastro‐oesophageal catheter and the mechanical response was measured as a change in transdiaphragmatic pressure. 2. The mean latency from the cortical stimulus to the muscle action potential in the diaphragm was 12.3 ms. The latency to the diaphragm from stimulation of the cervical spinal cord at the C4 level was 8.0 ms. The mean 'central conduction time' to the phrenic motor nucleus of 4.3 ms (range 4.0‐4.6 ms) was similar to that for the deltoid (mean 4.4 ms; range 4.0‐4.8 ms) recorded in the same subjects. 3. The largest twitch contractions of the diaphragm were evoked by cortical stimuli near the vertex during inspiration. The amplitude and duration of the electromyographic and mechanical responses often exceeded those produced by a supramaximal stimulus to both phrenic nerves simultaneously. 4. These results provide the first direct evidence that there is a rapidly conducting oligosynaptic pathway from the motor cortex to the human diaphragm.

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  • Stimulation of the motor cortex in humans elicits twitches in the diaphragm.

    “For instance, stimulation 152,153 of the motor cortex in humans elicits twitches in the diaphragm,”

    From Interoceptive rhythms in the brain (2023) · cites this paper as [152]

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Bassal M., Bianchi A. L., Dussardier M. Effets de la stimulation des structures nerveuses centrales sur l'activité des neurones respiratoires chez le chat. J Physiol (Paris) 1981 Sep;77(6-7):779–795. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bassal M., Bianchi A. L. Effets de la stimulation des structures nerveuses centrales sur les actrivités respiratoires efférentes chez le chat. I. Réponses à la stimulation corticale. J Physiol (Paris) 1981 Sep;77(6-7):741–757. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Planche D., Bianchi A. L. Modification de l'activité des neurones respiratoires bulbaires provoquée par stimulation corticale. J Physiol (Paris) 1972;64(1):69–76. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Planche D. Effets de la stimulation du cortex cérébral sur l'activité du nerf phrénique. J Physiol (Paris) 1972;64(1):31–56. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

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Authors
Gandevia, S. C., & Rothwell, J. C.
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Physiology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1987-03
Volume
384
Issue
1
Pages
109-118
ISSN
  • 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-7793
DOI
10.1113/jphysiol.1987.sp016445
PMC
PMC1192253
OpenAlex
W2152942206
Cited by
251
References
25
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
FWCI
8.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
Keywords
diaphragm, motor cortex, corticofugal pathways, phrenic nerve, central conduction time, electromyography, transdiaphragmatic pressure, respiratory muscle activation, electrical stimulation
MeSH terms
Action Potentials, Adult, Diaphragm, Humans, Motor Cortex, Muscle Contraction, Neural Pathways, Phrenic Nerve, Respiration, Spinal Cord, Time Factors

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