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Cited by 64Neuroscience of respiration and sleepOlfactory and Sensory Function StudiesAdvanced MRI Techniques and Applications

Imaging the brain during sniffing: a pilot fMRI study

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Koritnik, Blaž, Azam, Sheba, Andrew, Chris M., Leigh, P. Nigel, Williams, Steven C.R.·2009·Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
DOI 10.1016/j.pupt.2008.10.009
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Abstract

Whilst the act of sniffing can provide us with an indirect method to study the central mechanisms of respiratory control, functional neuroimaging now provides us with a tool to directly visualise the activity of the human brain during this voluntary action using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We performed fMRI during sniffing in 11 healthy volunteers where all subjects executed single, brisk sniffs of around 60% of their maximum sniff pressure at intervals of approximately every 20s. Simultaneous nasal pressure and chest movements were also measured during the task and a statistical parametric map of activation correlating with the sniff manoeuvre was calculated. A bilateral cortical and subcortical sensorimotor network was activated. The activations were localised within the primary sensorimotor cortex, lateral premotor cortex, supplementary motor area, anterior cingulate, insula, basal ganglia, thalami, mesencephalon, upper pons, cerebellar vermis, piriform cortex, entorhinal cortex and parahippocampal gyrus. The activated brain areas identified, i.e. the cortical and subcortical respiratory network, are similar to those described in other neuroimaging studies of voluntary inspiration. Sniffing is a component of olfactory processing and activations of the olfaction-related cortical areas were also observed in our study. The results of our study show that event-related fMRI can be successfully used to study sniffing. This provides a novel approach to our study of the central neural control of respiration.

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  • Areas activated by speech are also activated by nonspeech orofacial movements and vocal tract gestures, sniffing, singing, volitional exhalation, and phonation.

    “As shown previously, the areas that are activated by speech were also activated by nonspeech orofacial movements and vocal tract gestures (Chang et al., 2009), sniffing (Koritnik et al., 2009), singing (Zarate et al., 2010), volitional exhalation and phonation (Loucks et al., 2007).”

    From A review and synthesis of the first 20years of PET and fMRI studies of heard speech, spoken language and reading (2012) · cites this paper as Koritnik et al., 2009

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Authors
Koritnik, B., Azam, S., Andrew, C. M., Leigh, P. N., & Williams, S. C. R.
Affiliations
  • Ljubljana University Medical Centre (SI)
  • King's College London (GB)
Corresponding author
Koritnik, Blaž
ORCID
Venue
Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-04
Volume
22
Issue
2
Pages
97-101
ISSN
1094-5539 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.pupt.2008.10.009
OpenAlex
W2137652709
Cited by
64
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
FWCI
0.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
  • Trinity's Access to Research Output (TARA) (Trinity College Dublin) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
Keywords
sniffing, respiratory control, sensorimotor network, primary sensorimotor cortex, supplementary motor area, anterior cingulate cortex, olfactory processing, piriform cortex, brain activation
MeSH terms
Adult, Brain, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Feasibility Studies, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Respiratory Mechanics

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