The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Distribution and behaviour of glabrous cutaneous receptors in the human foot sole
Open accessAbstract
To document the activity of cutaneous mechanoreceptors in the glabrous skin of the foot sole, tungsten microelectrodes were inserted through the popliteal fossa and into the tibial nerve of thirteen healthy human subjects. A total of 104 cutaneous mechanoreceptors were identified in the glabrous skin of the foot. This sample consisted of 15 slow adapting type I (14 %), 16 slow adapting type II (15 %), 59 fast adapting type I (57 %), and 14 fast adapting type II units (14 %). The location of the receptors and the outline of the receptive fields were determined by using nylon monofilaments perpendicularly applied against the surface of the skin. This revealed that the receptors were widely distributed without an accumulation of receptors in the toes. There were also larger receptive fields predominantly isolated on the plantar surface of the metatarsal‐tarsal region of the foot sole. Furthermore, with the foot in an unloaded position, there was no background discharge activity in any of the cutaneous receptors in the absence of intentionally applied stimulation. These findings suggest that skin receptors in the foot sole behave differently from those receptors found on the glabrous skin of the hand. This may reflect the role of foot sole skin receptors in standing balance and movement control.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Somatosensory, proprioceptive, and sympathetic activity in human peripheral nerves
Vallbo, A. B., Hagbarth, K. E., Torebjork, H. E., & Wallin, B. G. (1979) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.1979.59.4.919 · Cited by 1,507
Johansson, R. S., & Vallbo, A. B. (1979) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1979.sp012619 · Cited by 1,291
Weinstein, S. (1968) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 707
Tactile sensory coding in the glabrous skin of the human hand
Johansson, R. S., & Vallbo, Å. B. (1983) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(83)90011-5 · Cited by 680
The plantar sole is a ‘dynamometric map’ for human balance control
Kavounoudias, A., Roll, R., & Roll, J.-P. (1998) · NeuroReport · doi:10.1097/00001756-199810050-00021 · Cited by 539
Activity from skin mechanoreceptors recorded percutaneously in awake human subjects
Vallbo, Å. B., & Hagbarth, K.-E. (1968) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/0014-4886(68)90041-1 · Cited by 530
Johansson, R. S. (1978) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1978.sp012411 · Cited by 430
Proprioceptive regulation of locomotion
Pearson, K. G. (1995) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/0959-4388(95)80107-3 · Cited by 405
Perry, S. D., McIlroy, W. E., & Maki, B. E. (2000) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02712-8 · Cited by 396
Finger movement responses of cutaneous mechanoreceptors in the dorsal skin of the human hand
Edin, B. B., & Abbs, J. H. (1991) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1991.65.3.657 · Cited by 358
Cited by
Sensory feedback restoration in leg amputees improves walking speed, metabolic cost and phantom pain
Petrini, F. M., Bumbasirevic, M., Valle, G., Ilic, V., Mijović, P., Čvančara, P., Barberi, F., Katic, N., Bortolotti, D., Andreu, D., et al. (2019) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0567-3 · Cited by 269
Strzalkowski, N. D. J., Peters, R. M., Inglis, J. T., & Bent, L. R. (2018) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00848.2017 · Cited by 154
Self-citationCharkhkar, H., Shell, C. E., Marasco, P. D., Pinault, G. J., Tyler, D. J., & Triolo, R. J. (2018) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/aac964 · Cited by 131
Foot callus thickness does not trade off protection for tactile sensitivity during walking
Holowka, N. B., Wynands, B., Drechsel, T. J., Yegian, A. K., Tobolsky, V. A., Okutoyi, P., Mang’eni Ojiambo, R., Haile, D. W., Sigei, T. K., Zippenfennig, C., et al. (2019) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1345-6 · Cited by 63
Ambulatory searching task reveals importance of somatosensation for lower-limb amputees
Christie, B. P., Charkhkar, H., Shell, C. E., Burant, C. J., Tyler, D. J., & Triolo, R. J. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67032-3 · Cited by 37
Metadata
- Authors
- Kennedy, P. M., & Inglis, J. T.
- Venue
- The Journal of Physiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-02
- Volume
- 538
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 995-1002
- ISSN
- 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7793
- OpenAlex
- W2065971310
- Cited by
- 438
- References
- 29
- FWCI
- 2.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Distribution and behaviour of glabrous cutaneous receptors in the human foot sole. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1113/jphysiol.2001.013087
- The paper
- Kennedy, P. M., & Inglis, J. T. (2002). Distribution and behaviour of glabrous cutaneous receptors in the human foot sole. The Journal of Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2001.013087
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.