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Cited by 286

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 96 of the 96 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Review on near-infrared heptamethine cyanine dyes as theranostic agents for tumor imaging, targeting, and photodynamic therapy

Open access
Shi, Changhong, Wu, Jason Boyang, Pan, Dongfeng·2016·Journal of Biomedical Optics

Abstract

A class of near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) heptamethine cyanine dyes that are taken up and accumulated specifically in cancer cells without chemical conjugation have recently emerged as promising tools for tumor imaging and targeting. In addition to their fluorescence and nuclear imaging-based tumor-imaging properties, these dyes can be developed as drug carriers to safely deliver chemotherapy drugs to tumors. They can also be used as effective agents for photodynamic therapy with remarkable tumoricidal activity via photodependent cytotoxic activity. The preferential uptake of dyes into cancer but not normal cells is co-operatively mediated by the prevailing activation of a group of organic anion-transporting polypeptides on cancer cell membranes, as well as tumor hypoxia and increased mitochondrial membrane potential in cancer cells. Such mechanistic explorations have greatly advanced the current application and future development of NIRF dyes and their derivatives as anticancer theranostic agents. This review summarizes current knowledge and emerging advances in NIRF dyes, including molecular characterization, photophysical properties, multimodal development and uptake mechanisms, and their growing potential for preclinical and clinical use.

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Metadata

Authors
Shi, C., Wu, J. B., & Pan, D.
Venue
Journal of Biomedical Optics
Published
2016-05-10
Volume
21
Issue
5
Pages
050901
ISSN
1083-3668 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2385742822
Cited by
286
References
96
FWCI
10.34
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Review on near-infrared heptamethine cyanine dyes as theranostic agents for tumor imaging, targeting, and photodynamic therapy. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1117/1.jbo.21.5.050901
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Shi, C., Wu, J. B., & Pan, D. (2016). Review on near-infrared heptamethine cyanine dyes as theranostic agents for tumor imaging, targeting, and photodynamic therapy. Journal of Biomedical Optics. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jbo.21.5.050901

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