Cited by 97Muscle metabolism and nutritionSports Performance and TrainingExercise and Physiological Responses

Carbohydrates, Branched-Chain Amino Acids, and Endurances: The Central Fatigue Hypothesis

Davis, J. Mark·1995·International Journal of Sport Nutrition

Abstract

The mechanisms of central fatigue are largely unexplored, but the central fatigue hypothesis suggests that increased brain serotonin (5-HT) can cause a deterioration in sport and exercise performance. There is now convincing evidence that exercise-induced increases in the plasma free tryptophan (f-TRP)/branched-chain amino acids (BCCA) ratio are associated with increased brain 5-HT and the onset of fatigue during prolonged exercise. Furthermore, when drugs are administered to alter brain 5-HT, they have the predicted effects on exercise performance. The influence of nutritional manipulations of f-TRP/BCCA on performance is less well established. The effects of BCCA supplementation on exercise performance are mixed, and the published studies often suffer from methodological flaws. Alternatively, dramatic reductions in f-TRP/BCCA and enhanced performance accompany carbohydrate feedings during prolonged exercise. However, it is difficult to distinguish between the effects of carbohydrate feedings on mechanisms that reside in the brain versus the muscles themselves.

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Crossref · 10.1123/ijsn.5.s1.s29

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  • The three branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), leucine, isoleucine, and valine are unique among the EAAs for their roles in protein metabolism, neural function, and blood glucose and insulin regulation.

    “The three branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), leucine, isoleucine, and valine are unique among the EAAs for their roles in protein metabolism [150], neural function [151–153], and blood glucose and insulin regulation [154].”

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Authors
Davis, J. M.
Affiliations
University of South Carolina (US)
Corresponding author
Davis, J. Mark
Venue
International Journal of Sport Nutrition
Published
1995-06
Volume
5
Issue
s1
Pages
S29-S38
ISSN
1050-1606 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2399686580
Cited by
97
References
39
Citations by year
2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
FWCI
0.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • International Journal of Sport Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
Keywords
central fatigue, serotonin, free tryptophan, branched-chain amino acids, prolonged exercise, exercise performance, carbohydrate feeding, BCAA supplementation, brain serotonin, exercise fatigue
MeSH terms
Amino Acids, Branched-Chain, Brain, Brain Chemistry, Carbohydrates, Fatigue, Humans, Physical Endurance, Serotonin, Tryptophan, Carbohydrate Metabolism

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