Carbohydrate and Protein Hydrolysate Coingestion’s Improvement of Late-Exercise Time-Trial Performance
Abstract
This study examined whether a carbohydrate + casein hydrolysate (CHO+ProH) beverage improved time-trial performance vs. a CHO beverage delivering ~60 g CHO/hr. Markers of muscle disruption and recovery were also assessed. Thirteen male cyclists (VO 2peak = 60.8 ± 1.6 ml · kg−1 · min−1) completed 2 computer-simulated 60-km time trials consisting of 3 laps of a 20-km course concluding with a 5-km climb (~5% grade). Participants consumed 200 ml of CHO (6%) or CHO+ProH beverage (6% + 1.8% protein hydrolysate) every 5 km and 500 ml of beverage immediately postexercise. Beverage treatments were administered using a randomly counterbalanced, double-blind design. Plasma creatine phosphokinase (CK) and muscle-soreness ratings were assessed immediately before and 24 hr after cycling. Mean 60-km times were 134.4 ± 4.6 and 135.0 ± 4.0 min for CHO+ProH and CHO beverages, respectively. All time differences between treatments occurred during the final lap, with protein hydrolysate ingestion explaining a significant (p < .05) proportion of betweentrials differences over the final 20 km (44.3 ± 1.6, 45.0 ± 1.6 min) and final 5 km (16.5 ± 0.6, 16.9 ± 0.6 min). Plasma CK levels and muscle-soreness ratings increased significantly after the CHO trial (161 ± 53, 399 ± 175 U/L; 15.8 ± 5.1, 37.6 ± 5.7 mm) but not the CHO+ProH trial (115 ± 21, 262 ± 88 U/L; 20.9 ± 5.3, 32.2 ± 7.1 mm). Late-exercise time-trial performance was enhanced with CHO+ProH beverage ingestion compared with a beverage containing CHO provided at maximal exogenous oxidation rates during exercise. CHO+ProH ingestion also prevented increases in plasma CK and muscle soreness after exercise.
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Adding protein to a carbohydrate beverage/gel during exhaustive endurance exercise decreases endurance athletes' feelings of muscular soreness.
“decreases the endurance athletes’ feelings of muscular soreness [6–8, 13].”
From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise (2017) · cites this paper as [7]
Added protein does not appear to improve endurance performance when given for several days, weeks, or immediately prior to and during endurance exercise.
“In conclusion, added protein does not appear to improve endurance performance when given for several days, weeks, or immediately prior to and during endurance exercise.”
From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise (2017) · cites this paper as [7]
When adequate carbohydrate is delivered, adding protein to carbohydrate does not appear to improve endurance performance over the course of a few days or weeks.
“When adequate carbohydrate is delivered, adding protein to carbohydrate does not appear to improve endurance performance over the course of a few days or weeks.”
From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise (2017) · cites this paper as [7]
Co-ingestion of a carbohydrate and protein hydrolysate improved time-trial performance late in the exercise protocol and significantly reduced soreness and markers of muscle damage in trained male cyclists.
“The authors reported that co-ingestion of a carbohydrate and protein hydrolysate improved time-trial performance late in the exercise protocol and significantly reduced soreness and markers of muscle damage.”
From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise (2017) · cites this paper as [7]
Cites
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International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: protein and exercise
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Saunders, M. J., Moore, R. W., Kies, A. K., Luden, N. D., & Pratt, C. A.
- Affiliations
- James Madison University (US)
- Venue
- International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
- Publisher
- Human Kinetics
- Published
- 2009-04
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 136-149
- ISSN
- 1526-484X (ISSN-L)
- 1543-2742
- OpenAlex
- W117834435
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 3.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- James Madison University
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Keywords
- casein hydrolysate, time trial performance, cycling, creatine kinase, muscle soreness, muscle damage, post-exercise recovery
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Beverages, Bicycling, Caseins, Creatine Kinase, Dietary Carbohydrates, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Male, Pain, Protein Hydrolysates, Exercise Tolerance, Muscle, Skeletal, Athletic Performance, Young Adult
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