Stress and Mental Well-Being Experiences of Professional Football Coaches
Abstract
The stress experiences and their impact upon the daily lives and mental well-being of English Premier League professional (soccer) football coaches were explored using an in-depth qualitative design. Eight participants were interviewed using a semi-structured approach with thematic and causal network analysis revealing that (a) a range of contextually dependent demands were experienced and interpreted in relation to their situational properties; (b) many demands were appraised and emotionally responded to in a negative manner; (c) a range of coping strategies were adopted to cope with stress experiences, with many reported as ineffective; and (d) stress experiences often led to negative implications for their daily lives and eudaimonic and hedonic well-being. Positive adaptations to some demands experienced were reported and augmented perceptions of mental well-being. The findings of this study make a novel and significant contribution to understanding the interrelationships between the principal components of the stress process and the prospective links between stress and mental well-being.
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Elite-level coaches encounter personal stressors including social isolation and relationship issues.
“Similarly, coaches are also confronted with various personal stressors, including social isolation and relationship issues [4, 6, 10–12].”
From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [10]
Seven of the wellbeing studies investigated wellbeing using semi-structured interviews.
“Seven of these studies investigated wellbeing using semi-structured interviews [10, 13, 24, 83–86].”
From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [10]
In comparison to performance and personal-related stressors, preliminary evidence indicates that demands from organisational sources may contribute most significantly towards coaches' experience of low hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing.
“Amongst correlates and predictors of wellbeing, in comparison to performance and personal-related stressors, preliminary evidence indicates that demands emanating from organisational sources may contribute most significantly towards coaches’ experience of low hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing [10].”
From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [10]
Excessive workloads have been identified as common stressors among elite-level coaches.
“Since excessive workloads have been identified as common stressors among elite-level coaches [8, 10, 100]”
From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [10]
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Additional file 2 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25203736
Additional file 4 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679632
Additional file 6 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679638
Additional file 1 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25203625
Additional file 3 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679629
Additional file 5 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679635
Baghurst, T. M., Quick, S. N., & Griffin, A. (2026) · The Sport Psychologist · doi:10.1123/tsp.2026-0017
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Griffiths, J., Bloyce, D., & Law, G. (2026) · Journal of Sport and Social Issues · doi:10.1177/01937235261500962
- Authors
- Baldock, L., Cropley, B., Neil, R., & Mellalieu, S. D.
- Affiliations
- University of South Wales (GB)
- Cardiff Metropolitan University (GB)
- Venue
- The Sport Psychologist
- Publisher
- Human Kinetics
- Published
- 2021-06-01
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 108-122
- ISSN
- 0888-4781 (ISSN-L)
- 1543-2793
- OpenAlex
- W3133763276
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 9.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Sport Psychologist (publishedVersion)
- Cardiff Metropolitan Research Repository (Cardiff Metropolitan University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
- Keywords
- occupational stress, psychological well-being, football coaches, stress process model, coping strategies, eudaimonic well-being, hedonic well-being, English Premier League
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