Stress in Elite Sports Coaching: Identifying Stressors
Abstract
This paper presents the first in a series of studies exploring coaches’ experiences of stress within the unique culture of world class sport. The purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth account of the stressors encountered by elite coaches in the United Kingdom. Six male and six female coaches with international experience were interviewed. Transcribed interviews were inductively content analyzed by three independent researchers. Ten higher-order themes emerged, demonstrating that coaches experienced a wide range of stressors (e.g., conflict, pressure and expectation, athlete concerns, competition preparation, isolation). Conflict within the organization emerged as a key theme, indicating that communication skills might be important in helping coaches function effectively as part of a wider organizational team. Findings also highlight the importance of psychological skills training for coaches to help them cope with the diverse demands of world class coaching.
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Elite-level coaches encounter personal stressors including social isolation and relationship issues.
“Similarly, coaches are also confronted with various personal stressors, including social isolation and relationship issues [4, 6, 10–12].”
From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [4]
Elite-level coaches perform diverse roles and responsibilities beyond technical, tactical, and strategic expertise, including educator, motivator, counsellor, and friend.
“In addition to their technical, tactical, and strategic expertise, coaches also serve as educators, motivators, counsellors and even friends [1–4].”
From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [4]
Elite-level coaches generally experience time-related challenges due to internally and externally imposed pressures.
“Given elite-level coaches generally experience time-related challenges due to internally and externally imposed pressures [1, 4, 8]”
From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [4]
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Downes, P. W., & Collins, D. J. (2021) · Societies · doi:10.3390/soc11030076 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
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Beware of the blues: Wellbeing of coaches and support staff throughout the Olympic Games
DeWolfe, C. E. J., & Dithurbide, L. (2022) · International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching · doi:10.1177/17479541221116880 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
To Be the Eye Within the Storm, I Am Challenged Not Stressed
Chroni, S., Abrahamsen, F. E., & Hemmestad, L. B. (2015) · Journal of Applied Sport Psychology · doi:10.1080/10413200.2015.1113449 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Work Demands, Responses, and Coping Strategies for Staff in High-Performance Sport: A Scoping Review
Mercer, R. A. J., Russell, J. L., Strack, D. S., Coutts, A. J., & McLean, B. D. (2025) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-025-02324-0 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Stressors experienced in elite sport by physiotherapists.
Kerai, S., Wadey, R., & Salim, J. (2019) · Sport Exercise and Performance Psychology · doi:10.1037/spy0000154 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Mental Health in Elite Coaches
Baumann, L., Schneeberger, A. R., Currie, A., Iff, S., Seifritz, E., & Claussen, M. C. (2024) · Sports Health A Multidisciplinary Approach · doi:10.1177/19417381231223472 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Hinojosa-Alcalde, I., Andrés, A., Didymus, F. F., Norman, L., & Prat, S. S. (2020) · The Sport Psychologist · doi:10.1123/tsp.2018-0114 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Oliveira, S., Cunha, M. I. V. A., Rosado, A. F. B., Mexia, M., Manuel, J., & Ferreira, C. (2022) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2022.2161001 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Foretić, N., Николовски, З., Marić, D., Gabrilo, G., Sekulić, D., Jakšić, D., & Drid, P. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191610251 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Understanding coach-athlete conflict: an ethnodrama to illustrate conflict in elite sport
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The Experiences of High-Performance Female Coaches in Luxembourg
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Loftus, S., Taylor, R. D., Grečić, D., & Harper, D. J. (2022) · International Sport Coaching Journal · doi:10.1123/iscj.2021-0078 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
The Effects of the Coach-Athlete Working Alliance on Affect and Burnout Among High Level Coaches
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Sleep at the helm: A case study of how a head coach sleeps compared to his team
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Collegiate coach attitudes towards lesbians and gay men
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A systematic review of psychological difficulties among elite sports coaches
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Examination of the Stress Factors Experienced by Coaches
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Analyse der Beanspruchungs- und Erholungsbilanz deutscher Trainer
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Women’s artistic gymnastics coaches in Brazil: from opportunity to Olympic games
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Development characteristics of football coaches in Australia and Malaysia
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Cardiocirculatory Stress in Professional Football (Soccer) Coaches
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- Authors
- Olusoga, P., Butt, J., Hays, K., & Maynard, I.
- Affiliations
- Sheffield Hallam University (GB)
- English Institute of Sport (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Sport Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2009-10-27
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 442-459
- ISSN
- 1041-3200 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-1571
- OpenAlex
- W2062950746
- Cited by
- 206
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Sport Psychology (publishedVersion)
- SHURA (Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive) (Sheffield Hallam University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Physical Education and Sports Studies
- Keywords
- coach stress, stressors, organizational conflict, competition preparation, social isolation, communication skills, mental training, coping, coaching experience
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