Sequential self-folding of polymer sheets
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We demonstrate an innovative strategy for sequentially self-folding 2D polymer sheets into 3D objects using light.
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This autonomous multi-shape transformation is drastically different from existing examples that would otherwise require complex stimulation schemes (e.g. multi-step heating) that are difficult to implement for many applications.
“This autonomous multi-shape transformation is drastically different from existing examples that would otherwise require complexed stimulation schemes (e.g. multi-step heating 17,18 ) that are difficult to implement for many applications.”
From Shape memory polymer with programmable recovery onset (2023) · cites this paper as [18]
The Introduction says earlier approaches to sequential shape transformation can require “multistep fabrication or complex (and sometimes, incompatible) sequences of stimuli.” The Conclusions contrast these with the paper’s simpler, light-driven folding method. Our copy does not specifically identify multistep heating as an example or say that such schemes are difficult to implement for many applications; section labels are available, but page numbers are not. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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Self-citationShape memory polymer with programmable recovery onset
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“This multishape transformation under a single natural trigger is markedly different from existing examples that would otherwise require complex stimulation schemes (for example, multistep heating 17,18 ).”
Background4D Printing: History and Recent Progress
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Sequential Motion of 4D Printed Photopolymers with Broad Glass Transition
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- Authors
- Liu, Y., Shaw, B., Dickey, M. D., & Genzer, J.
- Affiliations
- North Carolina State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dickey, Michael D.
- Genzer, Jan
- Venue
- Science Advances
- Published
- 2017-03-03
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e1602417-e1602417
- ISSN
- 2375-2548 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5336351
- OpenAlex
- W2594218199
- Cited by
- 335
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 32.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Science Advances (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Directorate for Engineering (ID0EALBG14777, 1240438)
- U.S. Department of Energy (ID0EPSBG14778, 08NT0001925)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer composites and self-healing
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence
- Keywords
- polymer sheets, shape programming, strain relaxation, reconfigurable electronics, actuators, smart packaging, deployable structures
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