Cited by 1,107Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model OrganismsSirtuins and Resveratrol in MedicineMitochondrial Function and Pathology

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Calorie Restriction Promotes Mitochondrial Biogenesis by Inducing the Expression of eNOS

Nisoli, Enzo, Tonello, Cristina, Cardile, Annalisa, Cozzi, Valeria, Bracale, Renata, Tedesco, Laura, Falcone, Sestina, Valerio, Alessandra, Cantoni, Orazio, Clementi, Emilio, Moncada, Salvador, Carruba, Michele O.·2005·Science

DOI 10.1126/science.1117728

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Calorie restriction extends life span in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. Here, we report that calorie restriction for either 3 or 12 months induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate formation in various tissues of male mice. This was accompanied by mitochondrial biogenesis, with increased oxygen consumption and adenosine triphosphate production, and an enhanced expression of sirtuin 1. These effects were strongly attenuated in eNOS null-mutant mice. Thus, nitric oxide plays a fundamental role in the processes induced by calorie restriction and may be involved in the extension of life span in mammals.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1126/science.1117728

Cites

26 of 26 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Oxidative Stress, Caloric Restriction, and Aging
Sohal, R. S., & Weindruch, R. H. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.273.5271.59 · Cited by 3,133
Negative Control of p53 by Sir2α Promotes Cell Survival under Stress
Luo, J., Nikolaev, A. Y., Imai, S.-I., Chen, D., Su, F., Shiloh, A., Guarente, L., & Gu, W. (2001) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00524-4 · Cited by 2,081
Sirt1 promotes fat mobilization in white adipocytes by repressing PPAR-γ
Picard, F., Kurtev, M. V., Chung, N., Topark‐Ngarm, A., Senawong, T., de Oliveira, R. M., Leid, M. E., McBurney, M. W., & Guarente, L. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02583 · Cited by 1,943
Calorie restriction promotes mammalian cell survival by inducing the SIRT1 deacetylase
Cohen, H. Y., Miller, C., Bitterman, K. J., Wall, N. R., Hekking, B., Kessler, B., Howitz, K. T., Gorospe, M., de Cabo, R., & Sinclair, D. A. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1099196 · Cited by 1,924
Requirement of NAD and SIR2 for Life-Span Extension by Calorie Restriction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Lin, S.-J., Defossez, P.-A., & Guarente, L. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.289.5487.2126 · Cited by 1,775
Transcriptional regulatory circuits controlling mitochondrial biogenesis and function
Kelly, D. P., & Scarpulla, R. C. (2004) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1177604 · Cited by 1,243
Mitochondrial biogenesis in mammals: the role of endogenous nitric oxide
Nisoli, E., Clementi, E., Paolucci, C., Cozzi, V., Tonello, C., Sciorati, C., Bracale, R., Valerio, A., Francolini, M., Moncada, S., et al. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1079368 · Cited by 1,243
Extended Longevity in Mice Lacking the Insulin Receptor in Adipose Tissue
Blüher, M., Kahn, B. B., & Kahn, C. R. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1078223 · Cited by 1,155
Calorie restriction extends Saccharomyces cerevisiae lifespan by increasing respiration
Lin, S.-J., Kaeberlein, M., Andalis, A. A., Sturtz, L. A., Defossez, P.-A., Culotta, V. C., Fink, G. R., & Guarente, L. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature00829 · Cited by 1,057
Structural Basis of Mitochondrial Tethering by Mitofusin Complexes
Koshiba, T., Detmer, S. A., Kaiser, J. T., Chen, H., McCaffery, J. M., & Chan, D. C. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1099793 · Cited by 910

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 26 references

Research works printed but not linked: 2

Y. Higami et al., FASEB J.18, 415 (2004).
S. Cook et al., Swiss Med. Wkly.133, 360 (2003).

Sorted by citations

Items 501–600 of 1,000

Perivascular Adipose Tissue as a Target for Antioxidant Therapy for Cardiovascular Complications
Man, A. W. C., Zhou, Y., Xia, N., & Li, H. (2020) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox9070574 · Cited by 45
Inorganic Nitrite Supplementation Improves Endothelial Function With Aging
Rossman, M. J., Gioscia‐Ryan, R. A., Santos‐Parker, J. R., Ziemba, B. P., Lubieniecki, K. L., Johnson, L. C., Poliektov, N. E., Bispham, N. Z., Woodward, K. A., Nagy, E., et al. (2021) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16175 · Cited by 46
Nitric oxide donor and non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs as a therapy for muscular dystrophies: Evidence from a safety study with pilot efficacy measures in adult dystrophic patients
D’Angelo, M. G., Gandossini, S., Boneschi, F. M., Sciorati, C., Bonato, S., Brighina, E., Comi, G. P., Turconi, A. C., Magri, F., Stefanoni, G., et al. (2012) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2012.01.006 · Cited by 43
Caloric Restriction Reverses Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Steatosis in Rats with Low Aerobic Capacity
Bowman, T. A., Ramakrishnan, S. K., Kaw, M., Lee, S. J., Patel, P. R., Golla, V. K., Bourey, R. E., Haram, P. M., Koch, L. G., Britton, S. L., et al. (2010) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2010-0176 · Cited by 44
Recent Developments in Understanding Brain Aging: Implications for Alzheimer’s Disease and Vascular Cognitive Impairment
Deák, F., Freeman, W. M., Ungvari, Z. I., Csiszár, A., & Sonntag, W. E. (2015) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glv206 · Cited by 45
Role of Sirtuins in Tumor Angiogenesis
Edatt, L., Poyyakkara, A., Raji, G. R., Ramachandran, V., Shankar, S. S., & Kumar, V. B. S. (2020) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2019.01516 · Cited by 43
Modulating Sirtuin Biology and Nicotinamide Adenine Diphosphate Metabolism in Cardiovascular Disease—From Bench to Bedside
Wang, Y.-J., Paneni, F., Stein, S., & Matter, C. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.755060 · Cited by 44
Caveolae: A regulatory platform for nutritional modulation of inflammatory diseases
Layne, J. D., Májková, Z., Smart, E. J., Toborek, M. J., & Hennig, B. (2011) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.09.013 · Cited by 44
“Furthermore, mitochondrial biogenesis is dependent upon eNOS activation in response to calorie restriction [33], suggesting a role for caveolae in the regulation of mitochondrial function.”
Background
The cyclic metabolic switching theory of intermittent fasting
Mattson, M. P. (2025) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-025-01254-5 · Cited by 47
“Nitric oxide could also be an important signal that stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis in response to CR and IF 112 .”
The role of mitochondrial disturbances in Alzheimer, Parkinson and Huntington diseases
Carvalho, C., Correia, S. C., Cardoso, S., Plácido, A. I., Candeias, E., Duarte, A. I., & Moreira, P. I. (2015) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/14737175.2015.1058160 · Cited by 45
“Growing evidence demonstrates a link between SIRT1 and AD [232,233] with SIRT1 protecting against Ab-induced neurotoxicity through the inhibition of NFkB signaling in microglia [234] and activation of b-secretase through the non-amyloidogenic processing of APP in embryonic Tg2576 mouse neurons in vitro [233].”
BackgroundInfluential
Aging and anti-aging: Unexpected side effects of everyday medication through sirtuin1 modulation
Engel, N., & Mahlknecht, U. (2008) · International Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.3892/ijmm.21.2.223 · Cited by 43
SIRT1 and SIRT5 activity expression and behavioral responses to calorie restriction
Geng, Y., Li, T.-T., Liu, X., Li, Z.-H., & Fu, Y. (2011) · Journal of Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/jcb.23315 · Cited by 43
“Rats were tested in an MWM according to standard procedures [Valentinuzzi et al., 2004; Nisoli et al., 2005; Ishida et al., 2007] that typically included 4.5 days of training.”
MethodInfluential
Short-Term Starvation of Immune Deficient Drosophila Improves Survival to Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
Brown, A. E., Baumbach, J., Cook, P. E., & Ligoxygakis, P. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004490 · Cited by 46
“NO generated after DR increased mitochondrial biogenesis and enhanced respiration and ATP content in various mammalian cells [10].”
Background
Combined effects of resistance training and calorie restriction on mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins in rat skeletal muscle
Kitaoka, Y., Nakazato, K., & Ogasawara, R. (2016) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00465.2016 · Cited by 43
“CR has been shown to increase mitochondrial volume in various rodent tissues (25, 33).”
Background
Leucine Supplementation Differently Modulates Branched-Chain Amino Acid Catabolism, Mitochondrial Function and Metabolic Profiles at the Different Stage of Insulin Resistance in Rats on High-Fat Diet
Liu, R., Li, H., Fan, W., Qiu, J. F., Tingting, C., Wu, Y., Huang, J., Hao, L., & Yang, X. (2017) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu9060565 · Cited by 44
Effects of resveratrol on eNOS in the endothelium and the perivascular adipose tissue
Xia, N., Förstermann, U., & Li, H. (2017) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.13397 · Cited by 44
Facts and controversies in our understanding of how caloric restriction impacts the mitochondrion
Gouspillou, G., & Hepple, R. T. (2013) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2013.03.004 · Cited by 42
“Amongst the first studies to suggest that CR stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis was that of Nisoli and colleagues, which showed that in addition to other changes, there was a marked increase in PGC-1α in various tissues of mice following 3 months or 12 months of every other day feeding (Nisoli et al., 2005).”
Background
Mechanism of Cardioprotection: What Can We Learn from Females?
Murphy, E., Lagranha, C. J., Deschamps, A. M., Kohr, M. J., Nguyen, T. T. M., Wong, R. P., Sun, J., & Steenbergen, C. (2011) · Pediatric Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00246-010-9877-4 · Cited by 42
“Elevated nitric oxide levels via NOS are suggested to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis [36], which is reported to be higher in females [26].”
Background
SIRT1 Gain of Function Does Not Mimic or Enhance the Adaptations to Intermittent Fasting
Boutant, M., Kulkarni, S. S., Joffraud, M., Raymond, F., Métairon, S., Descombes, P., & Cantó, C. (2016) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2016.02.007 · Cited by 44
“Increased mitochondrial function has been proposed to be a mechanism by which CR promotes health benefits (Nisoli et al., 2005).”
Background
The Energy Maintenance Theory of Aging: Maintaining Energy Metabolism to Allow Longevity
Chaudhari, S. N., & Kipreos, E. T. (2018) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.201800005 · Cited by 42
Intermittent fasting, calorie restriction, and a ketogenic diet improve mitochondrial function by reducing lipopolysaccharide signaling in monocytes during obesity: A randomized clinical trial
Guevara‐Cruz, M., Hernández-Gómez, K. G., Condado-Huerta, C., González-Salazar, L. E., Peña-Flores, A. K., Pichardo‐Ontiveros, E., Serralde-Zúñiga, A. E., Sánchez‐Tapia, M., Maya, O., Vera, I., et al. (2024) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2024.06.036 · Cited by 44
Expression of Key Regulators of Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Growth Hormone Receptor Knockout (GHRKO) Mice is Enhanced but is Not Further Improved by Other Potential Life-Extending Interventions
Gesing, A., Masternak, M. M., Wang, F., Joseph, A.-M., Leeuwenburgh, C., Westbrook, R., Lewiñski, A., Karbownik‐Lewińska, M., & Bartke, A. (2011) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glr080 · Cited by 41
“The increase of cGMP level also can lead to expression of active SIRT-1 (16), indirectly stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis.”
Background
The potential role of epigenetic responses to diet in ageing
Ford, D., Ions, L. J., Alatawi, F. S., & Wakeling, L. A. (2011) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665111000851 · Cited by 42
Salidroside Delays Cellular Senescence by Stimulating Mitochondrial Biogenesis Partly through a miR-22/SIRT-1 Pathway
Mao, G., Xu, X., Wang, S., Li, H.-F., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Su, H.-L., Chen, S.-S., Xing, W., Wang, Y.-Z., et al. (2019) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2019/5276096 · Cited by 41
“Another important signaling pathway linked to mitochondrial biogenesis is related to eNOS activation [45].”
Increased mitochondrial biogenesis preserves intestinal stem cell homeostasis and contributes to longevity in Indy mutant flies
Rogers, R. P., & Rogina, B. (2014) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.100658 · Cited by 40
“One of the hallmarks of CR-mediated longevity extension is increased mitochondrial biogenesis mediated by dPGC-1 [1-3].”
Background
Acute and long-term nutrient-led modifications of gene expression: Potential role of SIRT1 as a central co-ordinator of short and longer-term programming of tissue function
Holness, M. J., Caton, P., & Sugden, M. C. (2010) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2009.09.012 · Cited by 44
“A number of studies have reported that the levels of SIRT1 are increased in a range of tissues, including the brain, adipose tissue, kidney, and liver, in rodents in response to CR [25–27].”
Background
The role of sirtuin proteins in obesity
Metoyer, C. F., & Pruitt, K. (2008) · Pathophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.pathophys.2008.04.002 · Cited by 40
“established yet another link with CR as they demonstrated that it promoted mitochondrial biogenesis by induction of eNOS which corresponded with increased expression of SIRT1 [38].”
Background
Targeting the mitochondria to augment myocardial protection
SCHWARTZ, D., & Sack, M. N. (2008) · Current Opinion in Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.coph.2007.12.008 · Cited by 41
“Caloric restriction is considered an hormetic process where chronic mild starvation enhances cellular DNA repair capacity and antioxidant defenses [16,17] and upregulates the mitochondrial biogenesis regulatory program [18].”
Background
The Effects of NAD+ on Apoptotic Neuronal Death and Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Function after Glutamate Excitotoxicity
Wang, X., Li, H., & Ding, S. (2014) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms151120449 · Cited by 42
Mitochondrial DNA sequence associations with dementia and amyloid-β in elderly African Americans
Tranah, G. J., Yokoyama, J. S., Katzman, S. M., Nalls, M. A., Newman, A. B., Harris, T. B., Cesari, M., Manini, T. M., Schork, N. J., Cummings, S. R., et al. (2013) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.05.023 · Cited by 40
“…M anuscript interventions (Civitarese et al., 2007, Guarente, 2008, Johnston et al., 2008, Lopez-Lluch et al., 2006, Menshikova et al., 2006 and Nisoli et al., 2005), and pharmacologic agents (BarAm et al., 2009, Weinreb et al., 2008a, Weinreb et al., 2008b and Youdim and Buccafusco, 2005)…”
Background
The expression of Sirtuins 1 and 4 in peripheral blood leukocytes from patients with type 2 diabetes
Song, R., Xu, W., Chen, Y., Li, Z., Zeng, Y., & Fu, Y. (2011) · European Journal of Histochemistry · doi:10.4081/ejh.2011.e10 · Cited by 40
The polyphenol resveratrol promotes skeletal growth in mice through a sirtuin 1‐bone morphogenic protein 2 longevity axis
Zhao, M., Ko, S., Garrett, I. R., Mundy, G. R., Gutierrez, G. E., & Edwards, J. (2018) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.14477 · Cited by 40
“Moreover, the lifespan extension properties of caloric restriction might be regulated by a SIRT1-eNOS axis (Nisoli et al., 2005).”
Background
A Special Amino-Acid Formula Tailored to Boosting Cell Respiration Prevents Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress Caused by Doxorubicin in Mouse Cardiomyocytes
Tedesco, L., Rossi, F., Ragni, M., Ruocco, C., Brunetti, D., Carruba, M. O., Torrente, Y., Valerio, A., & Nisoli, E. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12020282 · Cited by 39
“Increasing evidence emphasizes the relevance of proteins involved in mitochondrial pathways to explain the health effects of CR, including peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor  coactivator 1  (PGC-1)the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis [11].”
Background
Epigallocatechin Gallate Reduces Homocysteine-Caused Oxidative Damages through Modulation SIRT1/AMPK Pathway in Endothelial Cells
Pai, P., Chou, W.-C., Chan, S., Wu, S.-Y., Chen, H.-I., Li, C.-W., Hsieh, P., Chu, P., Chen, Y., Ou, H., et al. (2020) · The American Journal of Chinese Medicine · doi:10.1142/s0192415x21500063 · Cited by 39
Stress triggers mitochondrial biogenesis to preserve steroidogenesis in Leydig cells
Gak, I. A., Pletikosic, S. M. R., Dukic, A. R., Janjic, M. M., Stojkov, N. J., Kostic, T. S., & Andrić, S. A. (2015) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.05.030 · Cited by 39
Effect of Every Other Day Feeding on Mitochondrial Free Radical Production and Oxidative Stress in Mouse Liver
Caro, P., Gómez, J., Lopez‐Torres, M., Sánchez-Román, I., Naudí, A., Portero‐Otín, M., Pamplona, R., & Barja, G. (2008) · Rejuvenation Research · doi:10.1089/rej.2008.0704 · Cited by 40
“25 Previous results have found increases in PGC1-(cid:2) in EOD-fed mice, 26 Free radical leak (FRL; %) of liver mitochondria in control and every other day (EOD) dietary restricted C57BL/6 mice in the presence of glutamate/malate (GLUT) or succinate plus rotenone (SUCC) as substrates.”
Cardiovascular determinants of life span
Shi, Y., Camici, G. G., & Lüscher, T. F. (2009) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00424-009-0727-2 · Cited by 41
“Calorie-restriction fails to enhance SIRT1 expression in eNOS knockout mice [98], suggesting that nitric oxide also modulates SIRT1 expression.”
Background
Stress resistance and lifespan are increased in C. elegans but decreased in S. cerevisiae by mafr-1/maf1 deletion
Cai, Y., & Wei, Y. (2016) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.7769 · Cited by 39
“CR can increase mitochondrial fusion [46, 47], an indicator of healthy and active mitochondrial function.”
Background
Stimulation of Macroautophagy Can Rescue Older Cells from 8-OHdG mtDNA Accumulation: A Safe and Easy Way to Meet Goals in the SENS Agenda
Donati, A., Taddei, M., Cavallini, G., & Bergamini, E. (2006) · Rejuvenation Research · doi:10.1089/rej.2006.9.408 · Cited by 39
Short-term adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside treatment increases the sirtuin 1 protein expression in skeletal muscle
Suwa, M., Nakano, H., Radak, Z. O., & Kumagai, S. (2010) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2010.03.003 · Cited by 39
“The level of expression and phosphorylation of endothelial NOS is associated with SIRT1 expression in endothelial cells [38,39].”
Background
Sir2 is induced by oxidative stress in a yeast model of Huntington disease and its activation reduces protein aggregation
Sorolla, M. A., Nierga, C., Colman, M. J. R., Reverter‐Branchat, G., Arenas, A., Tamarit, J., Ros, J., & Cabiscol, E. (2011) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2011.04.002 · Cited by 37
Fish oil supplementation induces expression of genes related to cell cycle, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: a transcriptomic approach
Myhrstad, M. C. W., Ulven, S. M., Günther, C., Ottestad, I. O., Holden, M. T. G., Ryeng, E., Borge, G. I. A., Köhler, A., Brønner, K. W., Thoresen, M., et al. (2014) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.12217 · Cited by 38
Diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging of subcutaneous adipose tissue metabolic changes during weight loss
Ganesan, G., Warren, R. V., Leproux, A., Compton, M., Cutler, K., Wittkopp, S., Tran, G., O’Sullivan, T. D., Malik, S., Galassetti, P. R., et al. (2016) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2016.43 · Cited by 38
“The authors of this study suggest that enhanced white AT SIRT0 expression contributes to the pro-longevity effects of CR in mammals (12).”
Background
Targeting mitochondrial function and proteostasis to mitigate dynapenia
Musci, R. V., Hamilton, K. L., & Miller, B. F. (2017) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-017-3730-x · Cited by 38
“For many years, whether calorie restriction increases mitochondrial biogenesis was controversial (Nisoli et al. 2005; Civitarese et al. 2007; Hancock et al. 2011).”
Background
PGC‐1a integrates a metabolism and growth network linked to caloric restriction
Miller, K. N., Clark, J. P., Martin, S. A., Howell, P. R., Burhans, M. S., Haws, S. A., Johnson, N. B., Rhoads, T. W., Pavelec, D. M., Eliceiri, K. W., et al. (2019) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.12999 · Cited by 38
Endothelial SIRT1 as a Target for the Prevention of Arterial Aging: Promises and Challenges
Begum, M. K., Konja, D., Singh, S., Chłopicki, S., & Wang, Y. (2021) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/fjc.0000000000001154 · Cited by 40
OM2, a Novel Oligomannuronate-Chromium(III) Complex, Promotes Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Lipid Metabolism in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via the AMPK-PGC1α Pathway
Hao, J., Hao, C., Zhang, L., Liu, X., Zhou, X., Dun, Y., Li, H., Li, G., Zhao, X., An, Y., et al. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0131930 · Cited by 38
Targeting tissue-specific metabolic signaling pathways in aging: the promise and limitations
Hu, F., & Liu, F. (2013) · Protein & Cell · doi:10.1007/s13238-013-0002-3 · Cited by 39
“, 2007), increases mitochondrial biogenesis and/or respiratory activity (Nisoli et al., 2005; Bishop and Guarente, 2007; Zid et al., 2009), and alleviates ER stress (Tsutsumi et al.”
Background
Nitric oxide, interorganelle communication, and energy flow: a novel route to slow aging
Valerio, A., & Nisoli, E. (2015) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2015.00006 · Cited by 37
“Subsequently it has been reported that eNOS expression is induced, and NO-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis is augmented, in the every-other-day feeding model of calorie restriction (CR) in mice (Nisoli et al., 2005).”
BackgroundInfluential
Effect of Dietary Restriction and Subsequent Re-Alimentation on the Transcriptional Profile of Bovine Skeletal Muscle
Keogh, K. A., Kenny, D. A., Cormican, P., McCabe, M. S., Kelly, A. K., & Waters, S. M. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149373 · Cited by 37
“Alternatively it may be due to a greater abundance of mitochondria in animals undergoing feed restriction as a method to produce ATP as previous work has reported that calorie restriction is capable of inducing the enzyme endothelial nitric oxide synthase which can result in an increase in mitochondrial biogenesis [49…”
Lipoamide Acts as an Indirect Antioxidant by Simultaneously Stimulating Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Phase II Antioxidant Enzyme Systems in ARPE-19 Cells
Zhao, L., Liu, Z., Jia, H., Feng, Z., Liu, J., & Li, X. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128502 · Cited by 36
“Studies indicate that mitochondrial biogenesis declines in type II diabetes [9, 10] and aging; drugs that enhance mitochondrial biogenesis can promote fatty acid oxidation and improve insulin resistance [11]; calorie restriction, the most effective anti-aging strategy, promotes mitochondrial biogenesis [12], which may…”
Background
WITHDRAWN: Oxidative stress in aging: Theoretical outcomes and clinical evidences in humans
del Valle, L. G. (2010) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2010.09.010 · Cited by 36
Retracted
Age-related cardiovascular disease and the beneficial effects of calorie restriction
Sung, M. M. Y., & Dyck, J. R. B. (2011) · Heart Failure Reviews · doi:10.1007/s10741-011-9293-8 · Cited by 38
Interaction between leucine and phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition in modulating insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism
Zemel, M. B., Fu, L., Li, F., Bruckbauer, A., Cao, Q., Wu, R., Shi, H., Xue, B., & Cui, X. (2015) · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity · doi:10.2147/dmso.s82338 · Cited by 38
“Nitric oxide (NO) levels are also responsive to energy status and are upregulated during caloric restriction; elevated NO, in turn, stimulates SIRT1 activity.(16,17) SIRT1, in turn, may reciprocally elevate NO levels via deacetylation (Lys 496; Lys 506) of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)(18,19); AMPK plays a…”
The Preconditioning of Berberine Suppresses Hydrogen Peroxide‐Induced Premature Senescence via Regulation of Sirtuin 1
Zhu, X., Yue, H., Guo, X., Yang, J., Liu, J., Liu, J., Wang, R., & Zhu, W. (2017) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2017/2391820 · Cited by 36
Long-term caloric restriction activates the myocardial SIRT1/AMPK/PGC-1α pathway in C57BL/6J male mice
Ma, L., Wang, R., Wang, H., Zhang, Y., & Zhao, Z. (2020) · Food & Nutrition Research · doi:10.29219/fnr.v64.3668 · Cited by 37
“Reportedly, 3–12 months of CR induces the production of NO, formation of cGMP, increase in oxygen consumption, and ATP mitochondrial production in adult mouse endothelial cells, accompanied by enhanced expression of SIRT1 (21).”
Background
Cross organelle stress response disruption promotes gentamicin-induced proteotoxicity
Igwebuike, C., Yaglom, J. A., Huiting, L. N., Feng, H., Campbell, J. D., Wang, Z., Havasi, A., Pimentel, D. R., Sherman, M. Y., & Borkan, S. C. (2020) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-020-2382-7 · Cited by 36
Impact of Dietary Restriction Regimens on Mitochondria, Heart, and Endothelial Function: A Brief Overview
Savencu, C. E., Furdui-Lința, A. V., Farcaş, G., Bînă, A. M., Cretu, O. M., Malita, D. C., Muntean, D. M., & Sturza, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.768383 · Cited by 36
“This effect was mediated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) since it was absent in eNOS KO animals (Nisoli et al., 2005).”
BackgroundInfluential
Caloric restriction and mitochondrial function in the ageing myocardium
Rohrbach, S., Niemann, B., Abushouk, A. I., & Holtz, J. (2006) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2006.02.001 · Cited by 36
Extension of Drosophila lifespan by Rosa damascena associated with an increased sensitivity to heat
Schriner, S. E., Katoozi, N. S., Pham, K., Gazarian, M., Zarban, A., & Jafari, M. (2011) · Biogerontology · doi:10.1007/s10522-011-9357-0 · Cited by 37
The Caenorhabditis elegans sirtuin gene, sir-2.1, is widely expressed and induced upon caloric restriction
Bamps, S., Wirtz, J., Savory, F. R., Lake, D., & Hope, I. A. (2009) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2009.10.001 · Cited by 37
Amino Acids and Mitochondrial Biogenesis
Nisoli, E., Cozzi, V., & Carruba, M. O. (2008) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.02.077 · Cited by 36
BNIP3 is essential for mitochondrial bioenergetics during adipocyte remodelling in mice
Choi, J. W., Jo, A., Kim, M., Park, H. S., Chung, S. S., Kang, S., & Park, K. S. (2015) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-015-3836-9 · Cited by 36
Role and treatment of mitochondrial DNA-related mitochondrial dysfunction in sporadic neurodegenerative diseases
H. Swerdlow, R. (2011) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/138161211798072535 · Cited by 35
“Dietary restriction induces liver mitochondrial biogenesis, and also has been reported to induce mitochondrial biogenesis in other tissues although its extra-hepatic impact may be less robust [250, 251, 252, 253, 254].”
Background
35 Years of TFAM Research: Old Protein, New Puzzles
Kozhukhar, N., & ALEXEYEV, M. F. (2023) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology12060823 · Cited by 41
Androgen depletion in humans leads to cavernous tissue reorganization and upregulation of Sirt1–eNOS axis
Tomada, I., Tomada, N., Almeida, H., & Neves, D. (2011) · AGE · doi:10.1007/s11357-011-9328-z · Cited by 36
Identification of Potential Calorie Restriction-Mimicking Yeast Mutants with Increased Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain and Nitric Oxide Levels
Li, B., Skinner, C., Castello, P. R., Kato, M., Easlon, E. J., Xie, L., Li, T., Lu, S.-P., Wang, C., Tsang, F. A., et al. (2011) · Journal of Aging Research · doi:10.4061/2011/673185 · Cited by 36
Caloric restriction improves efficiency and capacity of the mitochondrial electron transport chain in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Choi, J.-S., Choi, K.-M., & Lee, C. (2011) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.05.008 · Cited by 36
Sirtuins and Pyridine Nucleotides
Abdellatif, M. (2012) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.111.246546 · Cited by 35
Mitochondrial proteostasis as a shared characteristic of slowed aging: the importance of considering cell proliferation
Hamilton, K. L., & Miller, B. F. (2017) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp274335 · Cited by 35
“Increased mitochondrial biogenesis is reported in calorie-restricted mice (Nisoli et al. 2005), rats (Lopez-Lluch et al.”
Background
Mitochondrial ultrastructure and markers of dynamics in hepatocytes from aged, calorie restricted mice fed with different dietary fats
Khraiwesh, H. M., Lopez-Dominguez, J. A., Fernández-del-Río, L., Gutiérrez-Casado, E., López‐Lluch, G., Navas, P., de Cabo, R., Ramsey, J. J., Burón, M. I., Villalba, J. M., et al. (2014) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2014.03.023 · Cited by 36
“Although some studies have showed increased expression of mRNA of PGC-1α and Nrf1 and protein (Nisoli et al., 2005) following CR, others have found no effect of CR in these markers of mitochondrial biogenesis.”
Background
Strenuous exercise induces mitochondrial damage in skeletal muscle of old mice
Lee, S., Kim, M., Lim, W., Kim, T., & Kang, C. (2015) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.038 · Cited by 36
Caloric restriction and redox state: Does this diet increase or decrease oxidant production?
Kowaltowski, A. J. (2011) · Redox Report · doi:10.1179/1351000211y.0000000014 · Cited by 34
Reduced expression of mitochondrial frataxin in mice exacerbates diet-induced obesity
Pomplun, D., Voigt, A., Schulz, T. J., Thierbach, R., Pfeiffer, A. F. H., & Ristow, M. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0611631104 · Cited by 36
Mitochondrial Ca2+ Uniporter–Dependent Energetic Dysfunction Drives Hypertrophy in Heart Failure
Alves‐Figueiredo, H., Silva‐Platas, C., Estrada, M., Oropeza‐Almazán, Y., Ramos-González, M., Bernal‐Ramírez, J., Vázquez‐Garza, E., Téllez, A., Salazar‐Ramírez, F., Méndez‐Fernández, A., et al. (2024) · JACC Basic to Translational Science · doi:10.1016/j.jacbts.2024.01.007 · Cited by 35
Luteolin alleviates methylglyoxal-induced cytotoxicity in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells
Suh, K. S., Chon, S., & Choi, E. M. (2016) · Cytotechnology · doi:10.1007/s10616-016-9977-y · Cited by 35
“…studies suggested that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor c coactivator 1a (PGC-1a) increases mitochondrial biogenesis (Ojuka et al. 2003), and the expression of mitochondrial biogenesis factors may be directly regulated by the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO; Nisoli et al. 2005).”
BackgroundInfluential
The role of lipids in aging-related metabolic changes
de Diego, I., Peleg, S., & Fuchs, B. (2019) · Chemistry and Physics of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2019.05.005 · Cited by 35
Natriuretic Peptides: New Players in Energy Homeostasis
Moro, C., & Smith, S. R. (2009) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db09-1335 · Cited by 38
“That the second messenger, cGMP, regulates mitochondrial biogenesis is consistent with previous studies showing that nitric oxide—through activation of the soluble GC and cGMP signaling—promotes mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle in response to calorie restriction in rodents (8) and potentially in humans (9).”
Background
The fine line between lifespan extension and shortening in response to caloric restriction
Szafranski, K., & Mekhail, K. (2014) · Nucleus · doi:10.4161/nucl.27929 · Cited by 33
“Indeed, CR increases mitochondrial respiration rates as well as the overall number of mitochondria in mouse cells.(114) CR can also increase the number of mitochondria in human cells.”
Background
Diet-induced weight loss decreases adipose tissue oxygen tension with parallel changes in adipose tissue phenotype and insulin sensitivity in overweight humans
Vink, R., Roumans, N. J. T., Čajlaković, M., Cleutjens, J. P. M., Boekschoten, M. V., Fazelzadeh, P., Vogel, M., Blaak, E. E., Mariman, E. C. M., van Baak, M. A., et al. (2017) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2017.38 · Cited by 33
Mechanisms and Subclinical Consequences of Aortic Stiffness
Pierce, G. L. (2017) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.08933 · Cited by 33
“Klotho-deficient mice also demonstrated reduced expression of SIRT-1(21) that was associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,(26) and antisenescent(27) phenotypes and downregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.(28) Because Klotho deficiency downregulated aortic SIRT1 of the mice and activation of SIRT1 by…”
Background
SREBP-1c-Dependent Metabolic Remodeling of White Adipose Tissue by Caloric Restriction
Kobayashi, M., Fujii, N., Narita, T., & Higami, Y. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19113335 · Cited by 34
“It has been reported that PGC-1α plays an important role in CR-induced mitochondrial biogenesis [42,52].”
Background
Dehydroepiandrosterone reverses chronic hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced right ventricular dysfunction in rats
de la Roque, E. D., Bellancé, N., Rossignol, R., Bégueret, H., Billaud, M., Santos, P. D. D., Ducret, T., Marthan, R., Dahan, D., Ramos‐Barbón, D., et al. (2012) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/09031936.00011511 · Cited by 33
“expression in the heart [24], we additionally measured eNOS expression level.”
Background
Caloric Restriction and the Nutrient-Sensing PGC-1 α in Mitochondrial Homeostasis: New Perspectives in Neurodegeneration
Lettieri‐Barbato, D., Baldelli, S., Pagliei, B., Aquilano, K., & Ciriolo, M. R. (2012) · International Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1155/2012/759583 · Cited by 31
“Specifically, it was demonstrated that CR increases endothelial NOS (eNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS) [25, 76].”
Background
Subcellular NAMPT‐mediated NAD+ salvage pathways and their roles in bioenergetics and neuronal protection after ischemic injury
Wang, X., Zhang, Z., Zhang, N., Li, H., Zhang, L., Baines, C. P., & Ding, S. (2019) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.14878 · Cited by 34
“Moreover activation of SIRT1 stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis through regulating PGC-1a, NRF-1, Tfam and Cox IV (Nisoli et al. 2005; Lagouge et al. 2006; Csiszar et al. 2009; Chen et al. 2010).”
Background
Caloric restriction alters the hormonal profile and testicular metabolome, resulting in alterations of sperm head morphology
Martins, A. D., Jarak, I., Morais, T., Carvalho, R. A., Oliveira, P. F., Monteiro, M. P., & Alves, M. G. (2019) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00355.2019 · Cited by 32
Pharmacological induction of mitochondrial biogenesis as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes
Zamora, M., Pardo, R., & Villena, J. A. (2015) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2015.06.032 · Cited by 32
Cardiovascular protection afforded by caloric restriction: Essential role of nitric oxide synthase
Shinmura, K. (2011) · Geriatrics and gerontology international/Geriatrics & gerontology international · doi:10.1111/j.1447-0594.2010.00675.x · Cited by 31
Caloric restriction-associated remodeling of rat white adipose tissue: effects on the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis, sterol regulatory element binding protein-1, and macrophage infiltration
Chujo, Y., Fujii, N., Okita, N., Konishi, T., Narita, T., Yamada, A., Haruyama, Y., Tashiro, K., Chiba, T., Shimokawa, I., et al. (2012) · AGE · doi:10.1007/s11357-012-9439-1 · Cited by 33
“Moreover, Nisoli et al. (2005) suggested that the enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis is also involved in the beneficial action of CR.”
BackgroundInfluential
Diluted serum from calorie‐restricted animals promotes mitochondrial β‐cell adaptations and protect against glucolipotoxicity
Cerqueira, F. M., Chausse, B., Baranovski, B. M., Liesa, M., Lewis, E. C., Shirihai, O. S., & Kowaltowski, A. J. (2016) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.13632 · Cited by 32
Endothelial Cell Aging: How miRNAs Contribute?
Yamakuchi, M., & Hashiguchi, T. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm7070170 · Cited by 32
“Calorie restriction induced the expression of SIRT1, which was attenuated in eNOS knockout mice [75].”
Background
Adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation are differently affected by weight loss in obese mice due to either a high-fat diet restriction or change to a low-fat diet
Hoevenaars, F. P. M., Keijer, J., Herreman, L., Palm, I. F., Hegeman, M. A., Swarts, H. J. M., & van Schothorst, E. M. (2014) · Genes & Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s12263-014-0391-9 · Cited by 31
“HFD-CR has been reported to increase mitochondrial metabolism (Duivenvoorde et al. 2011; Nisoli et al. 2005) which is induced by estrogen-related receptor alpha (ESRRA), which is linked to oxidative metabolism, and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A),…”
Pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor protects against apoptotic neuronal death and mitochondrial damage in ischemia
Wang, X., Li, H., & Ding, S. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep32416 · Cited by 32
LAV-BPIFB4 isoform modulates eNOS signalling through Ca2+/PKC-alpha-dependent mechanism
Spinelli, C., Carrizzo, A., Ferrario, A., Villa, F., Damato, A., Ambrosio, M., Madonna, M., Frati, G., Fucile, S., Sciaccaluga, M., et al. (2017) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvx072 · Cited by 31
“mice lacking eNOS, caloric restriction does not exert its positive effects in delaying ageing and increasing life span.(5)”
Background
The effect of different levels of dietary restriction on glucose homeostasis and metabolic memory
Matyi, S., Jackson, J. A., Garrett, K. P., Deepa, S. S., & Unnikrishnan, A. (2018) · GeroScience · doi:10.1007/s11357-018-0011-5 · Cited by 30
“Short-term 40% DR has been shown to increase markers of mitochondrial biogenesis (e.g., PGC-1α) in many tissues in mice inclusive of white adipose tissue (Nisoli et al. 2005; Nisoli et al. 2003; Larrouy et al. 1999; Higami et al. 2004).”
Background
Improved mitochondrial stress response in long‐lived Snell dwarf mice
Ozkurede, U., & Miller, R. A. (2019) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.13030 · Cited by 33
Srebp-1c/Fgf21/Pgc-1α Axis Regulated by Leptin Signaling in Adipocytes—Possible Mechanism of Caloric Restriction-Associated Metabolic Remodeling of White Adipose Tissue
Kobayashi, M., Uta, S., Otsubo, M., Deguchi, Y., Tagawa, R., Mizunoe, Y., Nakagawa, Y., Shimano, H., & Higami, Y. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12072054 · Cited by 32
“It has been reported that CR activates mitochondrial biogenesis in various tissues, including WAT, liver, heart, and skeletal muscle [44,45].”
Background
Ferulic Acid Derivatives and Avenanthramides Modulate Endothelial Function through Maintenance of Nitric Oxide Balance in HUVEC Cells
Serreli, G., Sayec, M. L., Thou, E., Lacour, C., Diotallevi, C., Dhunna, M. A., Deiana, M., Spencer, J. P. E., & Corona, G. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13062026 · Cited by 31
Critical Role for Hepatocyte-Specific eNOS in NAFLD and NASH
Cunningham, R. P., Moore, M. P., Dashek, R. J., Meers, G. M.-E., Takahashi, T., Sheldon, R. D., Wheeler, A. A., Diaz‐Arias, A. A., Ibdah, J. A., Parks, E. J., et al. (2021) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db20-1228 · Cited by 31
Mechanisms underlying the effects of caloric restriction on hypertension
Attar, A. A., Fahed, G., Hoballah, M. M., Pedersen, S., EL‐Yazbi, A. F., Nasser, S. A., Bitto, A., Orekhov, A. N., & Eid, A. H. (2022) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115035 · Cited by 32
“Caloric restriction, however, through Sirt and AMPK activatiom, stimulates SOD activity. expression in white adipose tissue of mice [42] as well as in endothelial cells [81].”

Authors: Nisoli, E., Tonello, C., Cardile, A., Cozzi, V., Bracale, R., Tedesco, L., Falcone, S., Valerio, A., Cantoni, O., Clementi, E., Moncada, S., & Carruba, M. O.
Affiliations: University of Milan (IT)
Corresponding author: Nisoli, Enzo
ORCID: Nisoli, Enzo
Bracale, Renata
Tedesco, Laura
Falcone, Sestina
Valerio, Alessandra
Cantoni, Orazio
Clementi, Emilio
Moncada, Salvador
Carruba, Michele O.
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 2005-10-14
Volume: 310
Issue: 5746
Pages: 314-317
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.1117728
OpenAlex: W2162306102
Cited by: 1,107
References: 26
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 49 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 70 · 2014: 72 · 2013: 83 · 2012: 103
FWCI: 15.75
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Institutional Research Information System (Università degli Studi di Brescia) (submittedVersion)
Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi del Molise (submittedVersion)
CINECA IRIS Institutional Research information system (University of Urbino) (submittedVersion)
Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
Keywords: caloric restriction, mitochondrial biogenesis, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, SIRT1, cyclic GMP, lifespan extension, oxygen consumption, ATP production
MeSH terms: Adipose Tissue, Animals, DNA, Mitochondrial, Enzyme Induction, Female, Life Expectancy, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mitochondria, Nitric Oxide, Oxygen Consumption, Protein Biosynthesis, Nitric Oxide Synthase, GTP Phosphohydrolases, Caloric Restriction, Sirtuins, Mice, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III, Sirtuin 1

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Calorie Restriction Promotes Mitochondrial Biogenesis by Inducing the Expression of eNOS

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks