Discussion effects on racial attitudes

Myers, David G.; Bishop, George D.

doi:10.1126/science.169.3947.778

Cited by 238Social and Intergroup PsychologyNames, Identity, and Discrimination ResearchOpinion Dynamics and Social Influence

Discussion effects on racial attitudes

Myers, David G., Bishop, George D.·1970·Science

DOI 10.1126/science.169.3947.778

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

We predicted that discussion would enhance dominant group values, leading to increased polarization between homogeneously composed groups of high-, medium-, and low-prejudice high school subjects. In an experimental condition, group members made individual attitude judgments, discussed them, and remade judgments. Control groups discussed irrelevant materials before responding again to the attitude items. As predicted, discussion of the racial attitude items with others having similar attitudes significantly increased the gap between high- and low-prejudice groups.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1126/science.169.3947.778

Cites

10 of 10 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

People sharing similar extreme opinions, such as racial prejudices, tend to strengthen their judgment and confidence after interacting with one another.
“it has been shown that people sharing similar extreme opinions, such as racial prejudices, tend to strengthen their judgment and confidence after interacting with one another [12].”
From Social Influence and the Collective Dynamics of Opinion Formation (2013) · cites this paper as [12]
Early experiments showed that opinions tend to get reinforced by group discussions involving people who initially share a similar judgment.
“This result is also in line with early experiments showing that opinions tend to get reinforced by group discussions that involve people who initially share a similar judgment [12].”
From Social Influence and the Collective Dynamics of Opinion Formation (2013) · cites this paper as [12]

The acquaintance process.
Newcomb, T. M. (1961) · doi:10.1037/13156-000 · Cited by 1,727 · see citing works
The group as a polarizer of attitudes.
Moscovici, S., & Zavalloni, M. (1969) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0027568 · Cited by 1,038 · see citing works
Attitudes and Attraction
Byrne, D. (1969) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60076-3 · Cited by 600 · see citing works
Risky and cautious shifts in group decisions: The influence of widely held values
Stoner, J. A. F. (1968) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(68)90069-3 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Components of group risk taking
Teger, A. I., & Pruitt, D. G. (1967) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(67)90022-4 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Test of the "risk is a value" hypothesis.
Levinger, G., & Schneider, D. J. (1969) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0026966 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Dimensions of verbal racial attitudes: Their identification and measurement.
Woodmansee, J. J., & Cook, S. W. (1967) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0025078 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Group composition and the risky shift
Vidmar, N. J. (1970) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(70)90083-1 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Effects of Norm-oriented Group Discussion on Individual Verbal Risk Taking and Conservatism
Alker, H. A., & Kogan, N. (1968) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/001872676802100407 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Responsibility diffusion and drive enhancement effects on risky shift1
Myers, D. G., Murdoch, P., & Smith, G. F. (1970) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1970.tb00019.x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citation

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Filter Bubbles, Echo Chambers, and Online News Consumption
Flaxman, S., Goel, S., & Rao, J. M. (2016) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1093/poq/nfw006 · Cited by 1,992 · see citing works
The group polarization phenomenon.
Myers, D. G., & Lamm, H. (1976) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.83.4.602 · Cited by 1,102 · see citing works
Self-citation
Reducing intergroup prejudice and conflict using the media: A field experiment in Rwanda.
Paluck, E. L. (2009) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0011989 · Cited by 902 · see citing works
Group decision and social interaction: A theory of social decision schemes.
Davis, J. H. (1973) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0033951 · Cited by 682 · see citing works
Social Influence and the Collective Dynamics of Opinion Formation
Moussaïd, M., Kämmer, J. E., Analytis, P. P., & Neth, H. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0078433 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
The Psychology of Good and Evil
Staub, E. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511615795 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Norms, social networks, and HIV-related risk behaviors among urban disadvantaged drug users
Latkin, C. A., Forman, V. L., Knowlton, A. R., & Sherman, S. (2002) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00047-3 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
The Development of Social Justice Allies During College: A Phenomenological Investigation
Broido, E. M. (2000) · Journal of college student development · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Group-Induced Polarization of Attitudes and Behavior
Lamm, H., & Myers, D. G. (1978) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60007-6 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Self-citation
Effects of partially shared persuasive arguments on group-induced shifts: A group-problem-solving approach.
Vinokur, A. D., & Burstein, E. (1974) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0036010 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Choice shifts in group discussion: An introductory review.
Pruitt, D. G. (1971) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0031922 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Differentiation without Distancing. Explaining Bi-Polarization of Opinions without Negative Influence
Mäs, M., & Flache, A. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074516 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
The role of efficacy and moral outrage norms in creating the potential for international development activism through group‐based interaction
Thomas, E. F., & McGarty, C. (2008) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466608x313774 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
So Right It's Wrong: Groupthink and the Ubiquitous Nature of Polarized Group Decision Making
Baron, R. S. (2005) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(05)37004-3 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
The Psychology of Good and Evil: Why Children, Adults, and Groups Help and Harm Others
Staub, E. (2010) · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Risk taking by individuals and groups: An assessment of research employing choice dilemmas.
Cartwright, D. (1971) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0031912 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
A critical review of the jury simulation paradigm: The case of defendant characteristics.
Weiten, W., & Diamond, S. S. (1979) · Law and Human Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf01039149 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Why do Groups Make Riskier Decisions Than Individuals?
Dion, K. L., Baron, R. S., & Miller, N. (1970) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60094-5 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Is a Team Different From the Sum of Its Parts? Evidence from Mutual Fund Managers
(2013) · Cited by 145 · see citing works
The Theory and Research Behind Neighborhood Watch: Is it a Sound Fear and Crime Reduction Strategy?
Rosenbaum, D. P. (1987) · Crime & Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0011128787033001007 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
What a person thinks upon learning he has chosen differently from others: Nice evidence for the persuasive-arguments explanation of choice shifts
Burnstein, E., & Vinokur, A. D. (1975) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(75)90045-1 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Depolarization of attitudes in groups.
Vinokur, A. D., & Burnstein, E. (1978) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.36.8.872 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Group polarization on corporate boards: Theory and evidence on board decisions about acquisition premiums
Zhu, D. H. (2012) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.2039 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Deliberation and Attitude Polarization
Wojcieszak, M. (2011) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01568.x · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Will a Five-Minute Discussion Change Your Mind? A Countrywide Experiment on Voter Choice in France
Pons, V. (2018) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.20160524 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Testing two classes of theories about group induced shifts in individual choice
Burnstein, E., & Vinokur, A. D. (1973) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(73)90004-8 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Group interaction as the crucible of social identity formation: A glimpse at the foundations of social identities for collective action
Thomas, E. F., McGarty, C., & Mavor, K. I. (2015) · Group Processes & Intergroup Relations · doi:10.1177/1368430215612217 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Discussion-Induced Attitude Polarization
Myers, D. G. (1975) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/001872677502800802 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Self-citation
Novel argumentation and attitude change: The case of polarization following group discussion
Vinokur, A. D., & Burnstein, E. (1978) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420080306 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Effects of Victim and Defendant Race on Jurors' Decisions in Child Sexual Abuse Cases<sup>1</sup>
Bottoms, B. L., Davis, S. L., & Epstein, M. A. (2004) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2004.tb02535.x · Cited by 120 · see citing works
The polarizing effect of group discussion.
Myers, D. G., & Lamm, H. (1975) · PubMed · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citation
Interpersonal comparison versus persuasive argumentation: A more direct test of alternative explanations for group-induced shifts in individual choice
Burnstein, E., Vinokur, A., & Yaacov Trope, B. (1973) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(73)90012-7 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
The Challenge of Cultural Diversity: Harnessing a Diversity of Views to Understand Multiculturalism
Nemetz, P. L., & Christensen, S. L. (1996) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.1996.9605060218 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
The long‐term outcome of a personal network‐oriented HIV prevention intervention for injection drug users: The SAFE study
Latkin, C. A., Mandell, W., Vlahov, D., Oziemkowska, M., & Celentano, D. D. (1996) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/bf02512026 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Social Influence and AIDS-Preventive Behavior
Fisher, J. D., & Misovich, S. J. (1990) · Social psychological applications to social issues · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2094-2_3 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
When do deliberative citizens change their opinions? Evidence from the Irish Citizens’ Assembly
Suiter, J., Farrell, D. M., & O’Malley, E. (2014) · International Political Science Review · doi:10.1177/0192512114544068 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Choice Shifts and Extreme Behavior: Judicial Review in the Federal Courts
Main, E. C., & Walker, T. G. (1973) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.1973.9923044 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Psychosocial roots of genocide: risk, prevention, and intervention
Woolf, L. M., & Hulsizer, M. R. (2005) · Journal of Genocide Research · doi:10.1080/14623520500045088 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
How to Cook Rice: A Review of Ingredients for Teaching anti‐Prejudice
Pedersen, A., Walker, I. A., Paradies, Y., & Guérin, B. (2011) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1111/j.1742-9544.2010.00015.x · Cited by 87 · see citing works
WHEN DELIBERATION PRODUCES EXTREMISM
Schkade, D. A., Sunstein, C. R., & Hastie, R. (2010) · Critical Review · doi:10.1080/08913811.2010.508634 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
The Need to Refocus on the Group as the Site of Radicalization
Smith, L. G. E., Blackwood, L. M., & Thomas, E. F. (2019) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691619885870 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Social influences on the transition to injection drug use among young heroin sniffers: a qualitative analysis
Sherman, S. G., Smith, L., Laney, G., & Strathdee, S. A. (2002) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/s0955-3959(02)00010-5 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Extremism and Social Learning
Glaeser, E. L., & Sunstein, C. R. (2009) · The Journal of Legal Analysis · doi:10.4159/jla.v1i1.10 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Enhancement of dominant attitudes in group discussion.
Myers, D. G., & Bishop, G. D. (1971) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0031920 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citation
Does Discussion Group Composition Affect Policy Preferences? Results from Three Randomized Experiments
Farrar, C., Green, D., Green, J., Nickerson, D. W., & Shewfelt, S. (2009) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9221.2009.00717.x · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Theory to social action: A university-based strategy targeting prejudice against Aboriginal Australians
Pedersen, A., & Barlow, F. K. (2008) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00050060802318587 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Cognition through a social network: the propagation of induced forgetting and practice effects.
Coman, A., & Hirst, W. (2012) · Journal of experimental psychology. General · doi:10.1037/a0025247 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
The power of talk: Developing discriminatory group norms through discussion
Smith, L. G. E., & Postmes, T. (2010) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466610x504805 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
The Role of Context in the Communication of Uncertain Beliefs
Fox, C. R., & Irwin, J. R. (1998) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15324834basp2001_6 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Group Discussion and the Influence of Defendant Characteristics in a Simulated Jury Setting
Izzett, R. R., & Leginski, W. (1974) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.1974.9923161 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Conformity and Prejudice
Crandall, C. S., & Stangor, C. (2005) · doi:10.1002/9780470773963.ch18 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Homophily and acrophily as drivers of political segregation
Goldenberg, A., Abruzzo, J. M., Huang, Z., Schöne, J., Bailey, D., Willer, R., Halperin, E., & Gross, J. J. (2022) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-022-01474-9 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Psychology of Aid
Carr, S. C., MacLachlan, M., & McAuliffe, É. (2005) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203978948 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Sustaining Democracy
Talisse, R. B. (2021) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197556450.001.0001 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Polarization is the psychological foundation of collective engagement
Smith, L. G. E., Thomas, E. F., Bliuc, A., & McGarty, C. (2024) · Communications Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44271-024-00089-2 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Opinion Formation and the Collective Dynamics of Risk Perception
Moussaïd, M. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084592 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Norms and attitude change I: Polarization and styles of behaviour
Paichler, G. (1976) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420060402 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Online Intergroup Polarization Across Political Fault Lines: An Integrative Review
Bliuc, A., Bouguettaya, A., & Felise, K. D. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.641215 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Intra- and Inter-Religious Hate and Violence: A Psychosocial Model
Woolf, L. M., & Hulsizer, M. R. (2003) · Journal of Hate Studies · doi:10.33972/jhs.8 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
The communication of social stereotypes: The effects of group discussion and information distribution on stereotypic appraisals.
Bräuer, M., Judd, C. M., & Jacquelin, V. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.81.3.463 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Effects of Group Discussion on Children’s Attitudes Toward Handicapped Peers
Siperstein, G. N., Bak, J. J., & Gottlieb, J. (1977) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00220671.1977.10884969 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
A decision-making analysis of persuasive argumentation and the choice-shift effect
Vinokur, A. D., Yaacov Trope, B., & Burnstein, E. (1975) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0022-1031(75)80016-3 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Group position as a function of member attitudes: Choice shift effects from the perspective of social decision scheme theory.
Kerr, N. L., Davis, J. H., Meek, D., & Rissman, A. K. (1975) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0076483 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Group Polarization and Repeated Attitude Expressions: A New Take on an Old Topic
Bräuer, M., & Judd, C. M. (1996) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/14792779643000010 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Polarization in attitudes towards refugees and migrants in the Netherlands
Albada, K., Hansen, N., & Otten, S. (2021) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2766 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Gender differences in attitudes toward psychopathic sexual offenders
Guy, L. S., & Edens, J. F. (2006) · Behavioral Sciences & the Law · doi:10.1002/bsl.665 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Norms and attitude change II: The phenomenon of bipolarization
Paicheler, G. (1977) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420070102 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Social Influence and Individual Risk Factors of HIV Unsafe Sex among Female Entertainment Workers in China
Yang, X., Xia, G., Li, X., Latkin, C. A., & Celentano, D. D. (2010) · AIDS Education and Prevention · doi:10.1521/aeap.2010.22.1.69 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Group risk‐taking and group polarization
Fraser, C. (1971) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420010407 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Explanations for racial discrimination: The effect of group discussion on intergroup attributions
Hewstone, M., & Jaspars, J. (1982) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420120101 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“You wouldn’t celebrate September 11”: Testing online polarisation between opposing ideological camps on YouTube
Bliuc, A., Smith, L. G. E., & Moynihan, T. (2020) · Group Processes & Intergroup Relations · doi:10.1177/1368430220942567 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Selected factors impacting decision making in prereferral intervention and other school-based teams: Exploring the intersection between school and social psychology
Gutkin, T. B., & Nemeth, C. J. (1997) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0022-4405(97)00005-8 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
The proximal‐virtual team continuum: A study of performance
Workman, M. (2007) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/asi.20545 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Some Doubts About 'Democratizing' Criminal JusticePreprint
Rappaport, J. (2019) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3418059 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Negotiation constraints in the risk-taking domain: Effects of being observed by partners of higher or lower status.
Kogan, N., Lamm, H., & Trommsdorff, G. (1972) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0033035 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Extremism and Social LearningPreprint
Glaeser, E. L., & Sunstein, C. R. (2007) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1071195 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Overdoing Democracy
Talisse, R. B. (2019) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190924195.001.0001 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Hate Groups for Dummies: How to Build a Successful Hate-Group
Woolf, L. M., & Hulsizer, M. R. (2004) · Humanity & Society · doi:10.1177/016059760402800105 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Group polarization and choice‐dilemmas: how important is self‐categorization?
Križan, Z., & Baron, R. S. (2006) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.345 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Enhancement of Dominant Risk Tendencies in Group Discussion
Myers, D. G., & Arenson, S. J. (1972) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1972.30.2.615 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citation
Will the Personalization of Online Social Networks Foster Opinion Polarization?Preprint
Mäs, M., & Bischofberger, L. (2015) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2553436 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Beyond emotional similarity: The role of situation-specific motives.
Goldenberg, A., García, D., Halperin, E., Zaki, J., Kong, D., Golarai, G., & Gross, J. J. (2019) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/xge0000625 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Testing persuasive argument theory's predictor model: Alternative interactional accounts of group argument and influence
Meyers, R. (1989) · Communication Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637758909390254 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Dissensions et consensus
Moscovici, S., & Doise, W. (2010) · doi:10.1522/030148955 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Attitude polarization: The relative influence of discussion group structure and reference group norms.
Cvetkovich, G. T., & Baumgardner, S. R. (1973) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0034448 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Social psychology of Making Poverty History: Motivating anti-poverty action in Australia
Thomas, E. F., McGarty, C., & Mavor, K. I. (2010) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00050060903447095 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Studies in group decision II: Differences of positions, differences of opinion and group polarization
Moscovici, S., Doise, W., & Dulong, R. (1972) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420020404 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Many heads are more utilitarian than one
Keshmirian, A., Deroy, O. D., & Bahrami, B. (2021) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2021.104965 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Group Polarization and 12 Angry Men
Sunstein, C. R. (2007) · Negotiation Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1571-9979.2007.00155.x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Is a Team Different from the Sum of its Parts? Evidence from Mutual Fund ManagersPreprint
Baer, M., Kempf, A., & Ruenzi, S. (2008) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1089207 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Reaching Consensus in Polarized Moral Debates
Navajas, J., Heduan, F. Á., Garrido, J. M., Gonzalez, P. A., Garbulsky, G., Ariely, D., & Sigman, M. (2019) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.10.018 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Discussion effects on militarism-pacifism: A test of the group polarization hypothesis.
Myers, D. G., & Bach, P. J. (1974) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0037532 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citation
Studies in group decision I: Social space, patterns of communication and group concensus
Moscovici, S., & Lécuyer, R. (1972) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420020302 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Integration of Social Information by Human Groups
Granovskiy, B., Gold, J. M., Sumpter, D. J. T., & Goldstone, R. L. (2015) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/tops.12150 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Civic Solitude
Talisse, R. B. (2024) · doi:10.1093/9780197752197.001.0001 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Choice Shifts In Political Decisionmaking: Federal Judges and Civil Liberties Cases
Walker, T., & Main, E. C. (1973) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1973.tb01293.x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Problems of Polarization
Talisse, R. B. (2021) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192893338.003.0012 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Extremity shifts, risk shifts and attitude shifts after group discussion
McCauley, C. R. (1972) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420020406 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Values and Corruption
Kravtsova, M., Oshchepkov, A., & Welzel, C. (2016) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022116677579 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Group discussion and the stingy shift.
Baron, R. S., Roper, G., & Baron, P. H. (1974) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0037029 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Discussion-Induced Attitude Polarization
Myers, D. G. (1975) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/001872677502800802 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Self-citation
Group Methods for Reducing Racial Prejudice and Discrimination
Breckheimer, S. E., & Nelson, R. O. (1976) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1976.39.3f.1259 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Explanations for racial discrimination: The effect of group discussion on intergroup attributions
Hewstone, M., & Jaspars, J. (1982) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420120101 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Group as a De-polarizer of AttitudePreprint
Arima, Y. (2019) · doi:10.31235/osf.io/bt5y7 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
An experimental study of the effects of group discussion upon the social attitudes of college students∗
Robinson, K. F. (1941) · Speech Monographs · doi:10.1080/03637754109374884 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Authors: Myers, D. G., & Bishop, G. D.
Affiliations: Hope College (US)
ORCID: Myers, David G.
Bishop, George D.
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 1970-08-21
Volume: 169
Issue: 3947
Pages: 778-779
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.169.3947.778
OpenAlex: W2078564580
Cited by: 238
References: 10
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 97.68
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Names, Identity, and Discrimination Research
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence
Keywords: racial attitudes, group polarization, prejudice, attitude change, high school students
MeSH terms: Analysis of Variance, Attitude, Group Processes, Prejudice, Psychology, Social, Surveys and Questionnaires, Race Relations, Social Dominance, Social Values, Sociometric Techniques, Students

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Discussion effects on racial attitudes

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks