Phase-Matched Generation of Coherent Soft X-rays
Open accessAbstract
Phase-matched harmonic conversion of visible laser light into soft x-rays was demonstrated. The recently developed technique of guided-wave frequency conversion was used to upshift light from 800 nanometers to the range from 17 to 32 nanometers. This process increased the coherent x-ray output by factors of 10 2 to 10 3 compared to the non–phase-matched case. This source uses a small-scale (sub-millijoule) high repetition-rate laser and will enable a wide variety of new experimental investigations in linear and nonlinear x-ray science.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The current status of HHG as a light source is that we have good predictive power over optimization of HHG for simple phase matching in weakly ionized gases; optimally, the peak intensity of the focused beam should drive the ionization to the 'critical' (phase-matched) ionization level at the peak of the pulse [128,131,132].
“The current status of HHG as a light source is that we have good predictive power over optimization of HHG for simple phase matching in weakly ionized gases; optimally, the peak intensity of the focused beam should drive the ionization to the 'critical' (phase-matched) ionization level at the peak of the pulse [128,131,132].”
From Roadmap of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics (2018) · cites this paper as [128]
Driving HHG in a highly transient regime revealed that HHG phase matching is realized through generation in a weakly ionized gas [128].
“Driving HHG in a highly transient regime revealed the fact, for example, that HHG phase matching is realized through generation in a weakly ionized gas [128].”
From Roadmap of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics (2018) · cites this paper as [128]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Generation of Optical Harmonics
Franken, P. A., Hill, A. E., Peters, C. W., & Weinreich, G. (1961) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.7.118 · Cited by 3,343 · see citing works
Hollow Metallic and Dielectric Waveguides for Long Distance Optical Transmission and Lasers
MARCATILI, E. A. J., & Schmeltzer, R. A. (1964) · Bell System Technical Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1964.tb04108.x · Cited by 1,383 · see citing works
High-order harmonic generation in rare gases with a 1-ps 1053-nm laser
L’Huillier, A., & Balcou, P. (1993) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.70.774 · Cited by 804 · see citing works
Generation of Coherent Soft X Rays at 2.7 nm Using High Harmonics
Chang, Z., Rundquist, A., Wang, H., et al. (1997) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.79.2967 · Cited by 753 · see citing works
Self-citationGeneration of Coherent X-rays in the Water Window Using 5-Femtosecond Laser Pulses
Spielmann, C., Burnett, N. H., Sartania, S., et al. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.278.5338.661 · Cited by 724 · see citing works
High-Harmonic Generation of Attosecond Pulses in the “Single-Cycle” Regime
Christov, I. P., Murnane, M. M., & Kapteyn, H. C. (1997) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.78.1251 · Cited by 612 · see citing works
Self-citationCorkum, P. B., Burnett, N. H., & Ivanov, M. (1994) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.19.001870 · Cited by 579 · see citing works
Enhanced High-Harmonic Generation Using 25 fs Laser Pulses
Zhou, J., Peatross, J., Murnane, M. M., Kapteyn, H. C., & Christov, I. P. (1996) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.76.752 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Self-citationGeneration of 1182-Å radiation in phase-matched mixtures of inert gases
Kung, A. H., Young, J. F., & Harris, S. E. (1973) · Applied Physics Letters · doi:10.1063/1.1654647 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
High-Order Frequency Conversion in the Plasma Waveguide
Milchberg, H. M., Durfee, C. G., & Mcilrath, T. J. (1995) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.75.2494 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Self-citationUltrabroadband phase-matched optical parametric generation in the ultraviolet by use of guided waves
Durfee, C. G., Backus, S. J., Murnane, M. M., et al. (1997) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.22.001565 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Self-citationMahon, R., Mcilrath, T. J., Myerscough, V. P., et al. (1979) · IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics · doi:10.1109/jqe.1979.1070036 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Higher-order harmonic generation in xenon at 1064 nm: The role of phase matching
L’Huillier, A., Schäfer, K. J., & Kulander, K. C. (1991) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.66.2200 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Backus, S. J., Durfee, C. G., Mourou, G. A., Kapteyn, H. C., & Murnane, M. M. (1997) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.22.001256 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Self-citationOptical parametric oscillators
Tang, C. L., Bosenberg, W. R., Ukachi, T., et al. (1992) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/5.135353 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Propagation effects in high-order harmonic generation in rare gases
L’Huillier, A., Li, X. F., & Lompre, L. A. (1990) · Journal of the Optical Society of America B · doi:10.1364/josab.7.000527 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Generation of attosecond pulses in macroscopic media
Antoine, P., Milošević, D. B., L’Huillier, A., Gaarde, M. B., Salieres, P. L., & Lewenstein, M. (1997) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.56.4960 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Generation and propagation of high-order harmonics in a rapidly ionizing medium
Rae, S. C., Burnett, K. R., & Cooper, J. (1994) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.50.3438 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Efficient generation of tunable VUV laser radiation below 205 nm by SFM in BBO
Heitmann, U., K�tteritzsch, M., Heitz, S., & Hese, A. (1992) · Applied Physics B · doi:10.1007/bf00325180 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Trapani, P. D., Andreoni, A., Solcia, C., et al. (1997) · Journal of the Optical Society of America B · doi:10.1364/josab.14.001245 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Phase-matched frequency conversion in ionizing atomic gases
Kan, C., Capjack, C. E., Rankin, R., et al. (1996) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.54.r1026 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Myers, R. D. (1995) · Alcohol · doi:10.1016/0741-8329(94)00093-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 22
- P. A. Franken, A. E. Hill, C. W. Peters, G. Weinreich, Physical Review Letters 7, 118 (1961).
- C. Tang, W. Bosenberg, T. Ukachi, R. Lane, L. Cheng, Proceedings-of-the-IEEE 80, 365- 374 (1992).
- P. Di-Trapani, et al., Journal of the Optical Society of America B 14, 1245-1248 (1997).
- L. Myers, et al., Journal of the Optical Society of America B 12, 2102-2116 (1995).
- A. L'Huillier, P. Balcou, Physical Review Letters 70, 774-777 (1993).
- J. Zhou, J. Peatross, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. P. Christov, Physical Review Letters 76, 752 (1996).
- Z. Chang, A. Rundquist, H. Wang, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, Physical Review Letters 79, 2967-2970 (1997).
- C. Spielmann, et al., Science 278, 661 (1997).
- P. B. Corkum, N. H. Burnett, M. Y. Ivanov, Optics Letters 19, 1870 (1994).
- I. P. Christov, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, Physical Review Letters 78, 1251 (1997).
- P. Antoine, et al., Physical Review A 56, 4960-9 (1997).
- C. Kan, C. Capjack, R. Rankin, T. Brabec, N. Burnett, Physical Review A 54, R1026-0 (1996).
- A. L'Huillier, X. Li, L. Lompre, Journal of the Optical Society of America B 7, 527-536 (1990).
- S. C. Rae, K. Burnett, J. Cooper, Physical Review A 50, 3438 (1994).
- A. H. Kung, J. F. Young, S. E. Harris, Applied Physics Letters 22, 301 (1973).
- R. Mahon, T. J. McIlrath, V. P. Myerscough, D. W. Koopman, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics QE-15, 444-451 (1979).
- A. L'Huillier, K. J. Schafer, K. C. Kulander, Physical Review Letters 66, 2200 (1991).
- H. Milchberg, C. Durfee III, T. McIlrath, Physical Review Letters 75, 2494-2497 (1995).
- C. G. Durfee, S. Backus, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, Optics Letters 22, 1565-1567 (1997).
- E. A. J. Marcateli, R. A. Schmeltzer, Bell System Technical Journal 43, 1783 (1964).
- S. Backus, C. G. I. Durfee, G. A. Mourou, H. C. Kapteyn, M. M. Murnane, Optics Letters 22, 1256-1258 (1997).
- M. T. Asaki, et al., Optics Letters 18, 977 (1993).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Krausz, F., & Ivanov, M. (2009) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.81.163 · Cited by 5,468 · see citing works
Bright Coherent Ultrahigh Harmonics in the keV X-ray Regime from Mid-Infrared Femtosecond Lasers
Popmintchev, T., Chen, M.-C., Popmintchev, D., Arpin, P., Brown, S., Ališauskas, S., Andriukaitis, G., Balčiunas, T., Mücke, O. D., Pugzlys, A., et al. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1218497 · Cited by 1,830 · see citing works
Self-citationShaped-pulse optimization of coherent emission of high-harmonic soft X-rays
Bartels, R., Backus, S., Zeek, E., Misoguti, L., Vdovin, G., Christov, I. P., Murnane, M. M., & Kapteyn, H. C. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35018029 · Cited by 713 · see citing works
Self-citationSiemens, M. E., Li, Q., Yang, R., Nelson, K. A., Anderson, E. H., Murnane, M. M., & Kapteyn, H. C. (2010) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat2568 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Self-citationPhase Matching of High-Order Harmonics in Hollow Waveguides
Durfee, C. G., Rundquist, A. R., Backus, S., Herne, C., Murnane, M. M., & Kapteyn, H. C. (1999) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.83.2187 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Self-citationRoadmap of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics
Young, L., Ueda, K., Gühr, M., Bucksbaum, P. H., Simon, M., Mukamel, S., Rohringer, N., Prince, K. C., Masciovecchio, C., Meyer, M., et al. (2018) · Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics · doi:10.1088/1361-6455/aa9735 · Cited by 337 · see citing works
Self-citationDirect time-domain observation of attosecond final-state lifetimes in photoemission from solids
Tao, Z., Chen, C., Szilvási, T., Keller, M., Mavrikakis, M., Kapteyn, H., & Murnane, M. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaf6793 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Self-citationReal-Time Probing of Electron Dynamics Using Attosecond Time-Resolved Spectroscopy
Ramasesha, K., Leone, S. R., & Neumark, D. M. (2016) · Annual Review of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev-physchem-040215-112025 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Self-probing of molecules with high harmonic generation
Haessler, S., Caillat, J., & Salières, P. (2011) · Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics · doi:10.1088/0953-4075/44/20/203001 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Tomographic reconstruction of circularly polarized high-harmonic fields: 3D attosecond metrology
Chen, C., Tao, Z., Hernández-García, C., Matyba, P., Carr, A., Knut, R., Kfir, O., Zusin, D., Gentry, C., Grychtol, P., et al. (2016) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501333 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Self-citationDevelopment of high harmonic generation spectroscopy of organic molecules and biomolecules
Marangos, J. P. (2016) · Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics · doi:10.1088/0953-4075/49/13/132001 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Group velocity matching in high-order harmonic generation driven by mid-infrared lasers
Hernández-García, C., Popmintchev, T., Murnane, M. M., Kapteyn, H. C., Plaja, L., Becker, A., & Jaron-Becker, A. (2016) · New Journal of Physics · doi:10.1088/1367-2630/18/7/073031 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Rundquist, A., Durfee, C. G., Chang, Z., Herne, C., Backus, S., Murnane, M. M., & Kapteyn, H. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Murnane, Margaret M.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1998-05-29
- Volume
- 280
- Issue
- 5368
- Pages
- 1412-1415
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1983341875
- Cited by
- 907
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 45 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 28.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Radiation › Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics
- Keywords
- soft X-ray generation, phase matching, harmonic conversion, coherent X-ray sources, high repetition rate lasers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
