Neutrophil extracellular traps produced during inflammation awaken dormant cancer cells in mice
Open accessAbstract
Cancer cells from a primary tumor can disseminate to other tissues, remaining dormant and clinically undetectable for many years. Little is known about the cues that cause these dormant cells to awaken, resume proliferating, and develop into metastases. Studying mouse models, we found that sustained lung inflammation caused by tobacco smoke exposure or nasal instillation of lipopolysaccharide converted disseminated, dormant cancer cells to aggressively growing metastases. Sustained inflammation induced the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and these were required for awakening dormant cancer. Mechanistic analysis revealed that two NET-associated proteases, neutrophil elastase and matrix metalloproteinase 9, sequentially cleaved laminin. The proteolytically remodeled laminin induced proliferation of dormant cancer cells by activating integrin α3β1 signaling. Antibodies against NET-remodeled laminin prevented awakening of dormant cells. Therapies aimed at preventing dormant cell awakening could potentially prolong the survival of cancer patients.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
NETs have been directly associated with the initiation and induction of tumor invasion, aiding metastasis.
“recently, through increasing evidence, NETs have been directly associated with the initiation and induction of tumor invasion, aiding metastasis [20, 33–36].”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Hynes (2002) · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(02)00971-6 · Cited by 8,606 · see citing works
Mizgerd, J. P., Kubo, H., Kutkoski, G. J., Bhagwan, S. D., Scharffetter-Kochanek, K., Beaudet, A. L., & Doerschuk, C. M. (1997) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.186.8.1357 · Cited by 7,332 · see citing works
New functions for the matrix metalloproteinases in cancer progression
Egeblad, M., & Werb, Z. (2002) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc745 · Cited by 6,108 · see citing works
Self-citationMatrix Metalloproteinases: Regulators of the Tumor Microenvironment
Kessenbrock, K., Plaks, V., & Werb, Z. (2010) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.03.015 · Cited by 5,151 · see citing works
Meijer, L., Nelson, D. J., Riazanski, V., Gabdoulkhakova, A. G., Héry-Arnaud, G., Berre, R. L., Loaëc, N., Oumata, N., Galons, H., Nowak, E., et al. (2016) · Journal of Innate Immunity · doi:10.1159/000444256 · Cited by 4,992 · see citing works
Extracellular DNA traps promote thrombosis
Fuchs, T. A., Brill, A. G., Duerschmied, D., Schatzberg, D., Monestier, M., Myers, D. D., Wrobleski, S. K., Wakefield, T. W., Hartwig, J. H., & Wagner, D. D. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1005743107 · Cited by 2,521 · see citing works
Neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase regulate the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps
Papayannopoulos, V., Metzler, K. D., Hakkim, A., & Zychlinsky, A. (2010) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.201006052 · Cited by 2,103 · see citing works
Calvo, F., Ege, N., Grande-Garcia, A., Hooper, S., Jenkins, R. P., Chaudhry, S. I., Harrington, K., Williamson, P., Moeendarbary, E., Charras, G., et al. (2013) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb2756 · Cited by 1,478 · see citing works
Neutrophil extracellular traps sequester circulating tumor cells and promote metastasis
Cools-Lartigue, J., Spicer, J., McDonald, B., Gowing, S., Chow, S., Giannias, B., Bourdeau, F., Kubes, P., & Ferri, L. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci67484 · Cited by 1,395 · see citing works
Diabetes primes neutrophils to undergo NETosis, which impairs wound healing
Wong, S. L., Demers, M., Martinod, K., Gallant, M., Wang, Y., Goldfine, A. B., Kahn, C. R., & Wagner, D. D. (2015) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.3887 · Cited by 1,264 · see citing works
An emerging role for neutrophil extracellular traps in noninfectious disease
Jorch, S. K., & Kubes, P. (2017) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.4294 · Cited by 1,244 · see citing works
The perivascular niche regulates breast tumour dormancy
Ghajar, C. M., Peinado, H., Mori, H., Matei, I. R., Evason, K. J., Brazier, H., Almeida, D., Koller, A., Hajjar, K. A., Stainier, D. Y. R., et al. (2013) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb2767 · Cited by 1,148 · cited 4× · see citing works
“In contrast, increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and sprouting angiogenesis have been shown to trigger awakening and metastasis in experimental models (6, 7).”
BackgroundInfluentialMechanisms of disseminated cancer cell dormancy: an awakening field
Sosa, M. S., Bragado, P., & Aguirre‐Ghiso, J. A. (2014) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc3793 · Cited by 1,125 · see citing works
Platelets induce neutrophil extracellular traps in transfusion-related acute lung injury
Caudrillier, A., Kessenbrock, K., Gilliss, B. M., Nguyen, J. X., Marques, M. B., Monestier, M., Toy, P. T. C. Y., Werb, Z., & Looney, M. R. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci61303 · Cited by 1,044 · see citing works
Cancer cells induce metastasis-supporting neutrophil extracellular DNA traps
Park, J., Wysocki, R. W., Amoozgar, Z., Maiorino, L., Fein, M. R., Jorns, J., Schott, A. F., Kinugasa-Katayama, Y., Lee, Y., Won, N. H., et al. (2016) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aag1711 · Cited by 984 · see citing works
Self-citationNeutrophil extracellular traps promote deep vein thrombosis in mice
Brill, A. G., Fuchs, T. A., Savchenko, A. S., Thomas, G. M., Martinod, K., Meyer, S. F. D., Bhandari, A. A., & Wagner, D. D. (2011) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04544.x · Cited by 900 · see citing works
Metastatic Latency and Immune Evasion through Autocrine Inhibition of WNT
Malladi, S., Macalinao, D. G., Jin, X., He, L., Basnet, H., Zou, Y., de Stanchina, E., & Massagué, J. (2016) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.02.025 · Cited by 791 · see citing works
Faust, N., Varas, F., Kelly, L. M., Heck, S., & Graf, T. (2000) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v96.2.719 · Cited by 751 · see citing works
Metzler, K. D., Goosmann, C., Lubojemska, A., Zychlinsky, A., & Papayannopoulos, V. (2014) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2014.06.044 · Cited by 741 · see citing works
Tohme, S., Yazdani, H. O., Al-Khafaji, A. B., Chidi, A. P., Loughran, P., Mowen, K., Wang, Y., Simmons, R. L., Huang, H., & Tsung, A. (2016) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1591 · Cited by 694 · see citing works
Pierce, B. L., Ballard-Barbash, R. R., Bernstein, L., Baumgartner, R., Neuhouser, M. L., Wener, M. H., Baumgartner, K. B., Gilliland, F. D., Sorensen, B. E., McTiernan, A., et al. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2008.18.9068 · Cited by 688 · see citing works
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Its Implications in Inflammation: An Overview
Delgado‐Rizo, V., Martinez-Guzman, M. A., Íñiguez-Gutiérrez, L., García-Orozco, A., Alvarado‐Navarro, A., & Fafutis‐Morris, M. (2017) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00081 · Cited by 688 · see citing works
Ghiso, J. A. A., Kovalski, K., & Ossowski, L. (1999) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.147.1.89 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Carmona‐Rivera, C., Zhao, W., Yalavarthi, S., & Kaplan, M. J. (2014) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204837 · Cited by 459 · see citing works
Visualization of immediate immune responses to pioneer metastatic cells in the lung
Headley, M. B., Bins, A. D., Nip, A., Roberts, E. W., Looney, M. R., Gérard, A., & Krummel, M. F. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature16985 · Cited by 442 · see citing works
Inhibition of Metastatic Outgrowth from Single Dormant Tumor Cells by Targeting the Cytoskeleton
Barkan, D., Kleinman, H. K., Simmons, J. L., Asmussen, H., Kamaraju, A. K., Hoenorhoff, M. J., Liu, Z.-Y., Costes, S. V., Cho, E. H., Lockett, S., et al. (2008) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-6849 · Cited by 430 · see citing works
Metastatic Growth from Dormant Cells Induced by a Col-I–Enriched Fibrotic Environment
Barkan, D., Touny, L. H. E., Michalowski, A. M., Smith, J. A., Chu, I. M., Davis, A. S., Webster, J. D., Hoover, S. B., Simpson, R. M., Gauldie, J., et al. (2010) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-2356 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
Liu, D., Ghiso, J. A. A., Estrada, Y. D., & Ossowski, L. (2002) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/s1535-6108(02)00072-7 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Molecular mechanisms regulating NETosis in infection and disease
Branzk, N., & Papayannopoulos, V. (2013) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-013-0384-6 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Quail, D. F., Olson, O. C., Bhardwaj, P., Walsh, L. A., Akkari, L., Quick, M. L., Chen, I.-C., Wendel, N., Ben-Chetrit, N., Walker, J., et al. (2017) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb3578 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Pommier, A., Anaparthy, N., Memos, N. K., Kelley, Z. L., Gouronnec, A., Yan, R., Auffray, C., Albrengues, J., Egeblad, M., Iacobuzio–Donahue, C. A., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aao4908 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Self-citationGhiso, J. A. A. (2002) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205342 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Lung inflammation promotes metastasis through neutrophil protease-mediated degradation of Tsp-1
Rayes, T. E., Catena, R., Lee, S. B., Stawowczyk, M., Joshi, N., Fischbach, C., Powell, C. A., Dannenberg, A. J., Altorki, N. K., Gao, D., et al. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1507294112 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Shibue, T., Brooks, M. W., & Weinberg, R. A. (2013) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2013.08.012 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Nicotine induces neutrophil extracellular traps
Hosseinzadeh, A., Thompson, P. R., Segal, B. H., & Urban, C. F. (2016) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.3ab0815-379rr · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Farrar, J. D., Katz, K. H., Windsor, J. A., Thrush, G. R., Scheuermann, R. H., Uhr, J. W., & Street, N. E. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Inflammation triggers Zeb1-dependent escape from tumor latency
Cock, J. D., Shibue, T., Dongre, A., Keckesova, Z., Reinhardt, F., & Weinberg, R. (2016) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0608 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Farrar, J. D., Katz, K. H., Windsor, J., Thrush, G. R., Scheuermann, R. H., Uhr, J. W., & Street, N. E. (1999) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.162.5.2842 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Catena, R., Bhattacharya, N., Rayes, T. E., Wang, S., Choi, H., Gao, D., Ryu, S., Joshi, N., Bielenberg, D. R., Lee, S. B., et al. (2013) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-12-0476 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
A quantitative FastFUCCI assay defines cell cycle dynamics at a single-cell level
Koh, S., Mascalchi, P., Rodríguez, E., Lin, Y., Jodrell, D. I., Richards, F. M., & Lyons, S. K. (2016) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.195164 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationBeliveau, A., Mott, J. D., Lo, A. T., Chen, E. I., Koller, A. A., Yaswen, P., Muschler, J. L., & Bissell, M. J. (2010) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1990410 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Cho, H., Herzka, T. M., Wu, Z., Qi, J., Wilkinson, J. E., Bradner, J. E., Robinson, B. D., Castillo-Martín, M., Cordon‐Cardo, C., & Trotman, L. C. (2014) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-13-0346 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationMüller, M., Gounari, F., Prifti, S., et al. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Lifetime Cigarette Smoking and Breast Cancer Prognosis in the After Breast Cancer Pooling Project
Pierce, J. P., Patterson, R., Senger, C. M., Flatt, S. W., Caan, B. J., Natarajan, L., Nechuta, S., Poole, E. M., Shu, X., & Chen, W. Y. (2013) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djt359 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Pantel, K., & Alix‐Panabières, C. (2014) · BoneKEy Reports · doi:10.1038/bonekey.2014.79 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
A Computational Algorithm to Predict shRNA Potency
Knott, S., Maceli, A. R., Erard, N., Chang, K., Marran, K., Zhou, X., Gordon, A., Demerdash, O. E., Wagenblast, E., Kim, S. Y., et al. (2014) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2014.10.025 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Self-citationMetastases in Immune-Mediated Dormancy: A New Opportunity for Targeting Cancer
Romero, I., Garrido, F., & Garcia-Lora, A. M. (2014) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-2406 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Nakano, K., Suzuki, S., & Oh, C. (1987) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/0889-1591(87)90018-3 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
William, R., Watson, G., Redmond, H. P., et al. (1995) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1002/jlb.58.3.299 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Wu, A. H., Gomez, S. L., Vigen, C. L. P., Kwan, M. L., Keegan, T. H. M., Lu, Y., Shariff‐Marco, S., Monroe, K. R., Kurian, A. W., Cheng, I. C., et al. (2013) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-013-0260-7 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Murin, S., Pinkerton, K. E., Hubbard, N. E., et al. (2004) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.125.4.1467 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationAn In Vitro System to Study Tumor Dormancy and the Switch to Metastatic Growth
Barkan, D., & Green, J. E. (2011) · Journal of Visualized Experiments · doi:10.3791/2914 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [49]Greenfield EA, Antibodies: a laboratory manual. (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, ed. Second edition, 2014), pp. xxi, 847 pages.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The evolving tumor microenvironment: From cancer initiation to metastatic outgrowth
de Visser, K. E., & Joyce, J. A. (2023) · Cancer Cell · doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2023.02.016 · Cited by 4,059 · see citing works
Inflammation and cancer: triggers, mechanisms, and consequences
Greten, F. R., & Grivennikov, S. I. (2019) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2019.06.025 · Cited by 3,806 · see citing works
Concepts of extracellular matrix remodelling in tumour progression and metastasis
Winkler, J., Abisoye-Ogunniyan, A., Metcalf, K. J., & Werb, Z. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18794-x · Cited by 2,296 · see citing works
Yuan, Z., Li, Y., Zhang, S., Wang, X., Dou, H., Yu, X., Zhang, Z., Yang, S., & Xiao, M. (2023) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-023-01744-8 · Cited by 977 · see citing works
Neutrophils facilitate ovarian cancer premetastatic niche formation in the omentum
Lee, W., Ko, S. Y., Mohamed, M. S., Kenny, H. A., Lengyel, E., & Naora, H. (2019) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20181170 · Cited by 478 · see citing works
Wang, H., Zhang, H., Wang, Y., Brown, Z. J., Xia, Y., Huang, Z., Shen, C., Hu, Z., Beane, J., Ansa-Addo, E. A., et al. (2021) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2021.07.032 · Cited by 398 · see citing works
Metastasis-Initiating Cells and Ecosystems
Massagué, J., & Ganesh, K. (2021) · Cancer Discovery · doi:10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-0010 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Hepatic stellate cells suppress NK cell-sustained breast cancer dormancy
Correia, A. L., Guimaraes, J. C., Auf der Maur, P., De Silva, D., Trefny, M. P., Okamoto, R., Bruno, S., Schmidt, A., Mertz, K., Volkmann, K., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03614-z · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Surgical trauma‐induced immunosuppression in cancer: Recent advances and the potential therapies
Tang, F., Tie, Y., Tu, C., & Wei, X. (2020) · Clinical and Translational Medicine · doi:10.1002/ctm2.24 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
The neutrophil: constant defender and first responder
Fine, N., Tasevski, N., McCulloch, C. A., Tenenbaum, H. C., & Glogauer, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.571085 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Tumor Cell Dormancy: Threat or Opportunity in the Fight against Cancer
Jahanban-Esfahlan, R., Seidi, K., Manjili, M. H., Jahanban-Esfahlan, A., Javaheri, T., & Zare, P. (2019) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers11081207 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Surendran, V., Rutledge, D., Colmon, R., & Chandrasekaran, A. (2021) · Biofabrication · doi:10.1088/1758-5090/abe1cf · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Xie, Y., Wang, X., Wang, W., Pu, N., & Liu, L. (2025) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-025-06422-5 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Ariño, S., Aguilar-Bravo, B., Coll, M., Lee, W.-Y., Peiseler, M., Cantallops-Vilà, P., Sererols-Viñas, L., Martínez-García de la Torre, R. A., Martínez-Sánchez, C., Pedragosa, J., et al. (2023) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2023.05.045 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Lung endothelium exploits susceptible tumor cell states to instruct metastatic latency
Jakab, M., Lee, K. H., Uvarovskii, A., Ovchinnikova, S., Kulkarni, S. R., Jakab, S., Rostalski, T., Spegg, C., Anders, S., & Augustin, H. G. (2024) · Nature Cancer · doi:10.1038/s43018-023-00716-7 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Neutrophils: mediating TelOxidation and senescence
Jacome Burbano, M. S., Cherfils‐Vicini, J., & Gilson, E. (2021) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.2021108164 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
- Authors
- Albrengues, J., Shields, M. A., Ng, D., Park, C. G., Ambrico, A., Poindexter, M. E., Upadhyay, P., Uyeminami, D. L., Pommier, A., Küttner, V., Bružas, E., Maiorino, L., Bautista, C., Carmona, E. M., Gimotty, P. A., Fearon, D. T., Chang, K., Lyons, S. K., Pinkerton, K. E., Trotman, L. C., Goldberg, M. S., Yeh, J. T.-H., & Egeblad, M.
- Affiliations
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Egeblad, Mikala
- ORCID
- Albrengues, Jean
- Shields, Mario A.
- Ng, David
- Park, Chun Gwon
- Ambrico, Alexandra
- Poindexter, Morgan E.
- Upadhyay, Priya
- Uyeminami, Dale L.
- Pommier, Arnaud
- Bružas, Emilis
- Maiorino, Laura
- Bautista, Carmelita
- Gimotty, Phyllis A.
- Fearon, Douglas T.
- Chang, Kenneth
- Lyons, Scott K.
- Pinkerton, Kent E.
- Trotman, Lloyd C.
- Goldberg, Michael S.
- Yeh, Johannes T.-H.
- Egeblad, Mikala
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2018-09-28
- Volume
- 361
- Issue
- 6409
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC6777850
- OpenAlex
- W2894451493
- Cited by
- 1,476
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 172 · 2025: 205 · 2024: 214 · 2023: 198 · 2022: 186 · 2021: 219 · 2020: 168 · 2019: 102 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 53.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Institutional Repository (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-14-1-0078)
- National Cancer Institute
- Susan G. Komen for the Cure (PDF16376754)
- European Molecular Biology Organization (ALTF 1425-2015)
- Lustgarten Foundation
- Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (AE20141202131)
- northwell health
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Cancer Center Support Grant (P30-CA045508)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (KU 3264/1-1)
- George A. and Marjorie H. Anderson Fellowship from the Watson School
- R01 NIH Research Grant Program (5R01CA137050-07)
- Terri Brodeur Breast Cancer Foundation
- Starr Centennial Scholarship from the Watson School of Biological Sciences (21090249)
- Cold Sprint Harbor Laboratory Cancer Center Grant (P30-CA045508)
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Cancer Center Grant (P30-CA045508)
- Cedar Hill Foundation
- Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds Ph.D. fellowship
- AACR-Bayer Healthcare Basic Cancer Research Fellowship (15-40-44-SHIE)
- R01 NIH Research Grant (5R01CA137050-07)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Keywords
- neutrophil extracellular traps, tumor dormancy, dormant cancer cells, metastasis, lung inflammation, lipopolysaccharide, tobacco smoke, neutrophil elastase, MMP-9, tumor cell proliferation, disseminated tumor cells
- MeSH terms
- Protein-Arginine Deiminases, Protein-Arginine Deiminase Type 4, Animals, DNA, Humans, Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharides, Lung, Lung Neoplasms, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Neoplasms, Experimental, Neutrophils, Pneumonia, Smoking, Signal Transduction, Pneumonia, Bacterial, Leukocyte Elastase, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9, Lamins, Integrin alpha3beta1, Mice, Rats, Proteolysis, MCF-7 Cells, Carcinogenesis, Extracellular Traps
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
