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ZBP1-dependent inflammatory cell death, PANoptosis, and cytokine storm disrupt IFN therapeutic efficacy during coronavirus infection

Open access
Karki, Rajendra, Lee, SangJoon, Mall, Raghvendra, Pandian, Nagakannan, Wang, Yaqiu, Sharma, Bhesh Raj, Malireddi, RK Subbarao, Yang, Dong, Trifkovic, Sanja, Steele, Jacob A., Connelly, Jon P., Vishwanath, Gella, Sasikala, Mitnala, Reddy, Duvvur Nageshwar, Vogel, Peter, Pruett-Miller, Shondra M., Webby, Richard, Jonsson, Colleen Beth, Kanneganti, Thirumala-Devi·2022·Science Immunology

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality in the ongoing global pandemic. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms that govern innate immune and inflammatory responses during SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical for developing effective therapeutic strategies. Whereas interferon (IFN)–based therapies are generally expected to be beneficial during viral infection, clinical trials in COVID-19 have shown limited efficacy and potential detrimental effects of IFN treatment during SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this failure remain unknown. In this study, we found that IFN induced Z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1)–mediated inflammatory cell death, PANoptosis, in human and murine macrophages and in the lungs of mice infected with β-coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and mouse hepatitis virus (MHV). In patients with COVID-19, expression of the innate immune sensor ZBP1 was increased in immune cells from those who succumbed to the disease compared with those who recovered, further suggesting a link between ZBP1 and pathology. In mice, IFN-β treatment after β-coronavirus infection increased lethality, and genetic deletion of Zbp1 or its Zα domain suppressed cell death and protected the mice from IFN-mediated lethality during β-coronavirus infection. Overall, our results identify that ZBP1 induced during coronavirus infection limits the efficacy of IFN therapy by driving inflammatory cell death and lethality. Therefore, inhibiting ZBP1 activity may improve the efficacy of IFN therapy, paving the way for the development of new and critically needed therapeutics for COVID-19 as well as other infections and inflammatory conditions where IFN-mediated cell death and pathology occur.

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Metadata

Authors
Karki, R., Lee, S., Mall, R., Pandian, N., Wang, Y., Sharma, B. R., Malireddi, R. S., Yang, D., Trifkovic, S., Steele, J. A., Connelly, J. P., Vishwanath, G., Sasikala, M., Reddy, D. N., Vogel, P., Pruett-Miller, S. M., Webby, R., Jonsson, C. B., & Kanneganti, T.-D.
Venue
Science Immunology
Published
2022-08-26
Volume
7
Issue
74
Pages
eabo6294-eabo6294
ISSN
2470-9468 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4280576708
Cited by
350
References
19
FWCI
20.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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