Cited by 82Gut microbiota and healthRuminant Nutrition and Digestive PhysiologyAnaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production

Newly Cultured Bacteria with Broad Diversity Isolated from Eight-Week Continuous Culture Enrichments of Cow Feces on Complex Polysaccharides

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Ziemer, Cherie J.·2014·Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Abstract

One of the functions of the mammalian large intestinal microbiota is the fermentation of plant cell wall components. In ruminant animals, the majority of their nutrients are obtained via pregastric fermentation; however, up to 20% can be recovered from microbial fermentation in the large intestine. Eight-week continuous culture enrichments of cattle feces with cellulose and xylan-pectin were used to isolate bacteria from this community. A total of 459 bacterial isolates were classified phylogenetically using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Six phyla were represented: Firmicutes (51.9%), Bacteroidetes (30.9%), Proteobacteria (11.1%), Actinobacteria (3.5%), Synergistetes (1.5%), and Fusobacteria (1.1%). The majority of bacterial isolates had <98.5% identity to cultured bacteria with sequences in the Ribosomal Database Project and thus represent new species and/or genera. Within the Firmicutes isolates, most were classified in the families Lachnospiraceae , Ruminococcaceae , Erysipelotrichaceae , and Clostridiaceae I. The majority of the Bacteroidetes were most closely related to Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron , B. ovatus , and B. xylanisolvens and members of the Porphyromonadaceae family. Many of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes isolates were related to species demonstrated to possess enzymes which ferment plant cell wall components; the others were hypothesized to cross-feed these bacteria. The microbial communities that arose in these enrichment cultures had broad bacterial diversity. With over 98% of the isolates not represented as previously cultured, there are new opportunities to study the genomic and metabolic capacities of these members of the complex intestinal microbiota.

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  • The gut microbiota can participate in cross-feeding, where metabolic intermediates (such as acetate, lactate, succinate and formate) produced by gut commensals can act as nutrients to support the growth of other gut commensals.

    “The gut microbiota can also participate in cross-feeding, where metabolic intermediates (such as acetate, lactate, succinate and formate) that are produced by gut commensals can act as nutrients to support the growth of other gut commensals [20, 21].”

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Authors
Ziemer, C. J.
Affiliations
Agricultural Research Service (US)
Corresponding author
Ziemer, Cherie J.
Venue
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Published
2014-01-15
Volume
80
Issue
2
Pages
574-585
ISSN
  • 0099-2240 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-5336
OpenAlex
W2120061385
Cited by
82
References
52
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3
FWCI
1.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Applied and Environmental Microbiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
Keywords
cattle feces, cellulose fermentation, plant cell wall degradation, novel bacterial species, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, Clostridiaceae, Bacteroides, cross-feeding, bacterial diversity
MeSH terms
Animals, Bacteria, Bacteriological Techniques, Cattle, Cellulose, Feces, Female, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Polysaccharides, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Xylans, Bacteroidetes, Biodiversity

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