Psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on health workers in a tertiary hospital
Open accessAbstract
Background: The sudden emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused international anxiety owing to its highly contagious and pandemic transmission. Health workers are vulnerable and are at high risk of infection. Aims: To assess SARS-related stress and its immediate psychological impact and responses among health workers. Method: Health workers in a tertiary hospital affected by SARS were invited to complete a questionnaire designed to evaluate exposure experience, psychological impact and psychiatric morbidity. The risk and rates of psychiatric morbidity were estimated for exposure experience. Results: Altogether, 1257 health workers successfully completed the survey. In the initial phase of the outbreak, when the infection was spreading rapidly, feelings of extreme vulnerability, uncertainty and threat to life were perceived, dominated by somatic and cognitive symptoms of anxiety. During the ‘repair’ phase, when the infection was being brought under control, depression and avoidance were evident. The estimated prevalence of psychiatric morbidity measured by the Chinese Health Questionnaire was about 75%. Conclusions: The outbreak of SARS could be regarded as an acute episode of a bio-disaster, leading to a significantly high rate of psychiatric morbidity.
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The observed rate of SARS-related psychiatric morbidity was consistent with the range of rates (18.8% to 75.3% using GHQ) reported in hospital health care workers and SARS survivors.
“was consistent with the range of found rates of SARS-related psychiatric morbidity (ranging from 18.8% to 75.3% using GHQ) assessed in health care workers working within the hospitals [32], [33] as well as survivors of SARS [16].”
From Psychosocial and coping responses within the community health care setting towards a national outbreak of an infectious disease (2010) · cites this paper as [33]
In the 2003 SARS outbreak, female healthcare workers had a higher risk of psychiatric morbidity (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.07-2.33) than male counterparts because of their caregiving role.
“In the 2003 SARS outbreak, female healthcare workers were at higher risk of psychiatric morbidity (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.07–2.33) (Chong et al., 2004) than their male counterparts due to their caregiving role (Chong et al., 2004; Tam et al., 2004).”
From Health risks and outcomes that disproportionately affect women during the Covid-19 pandemic: A review (2020) · cites this paper as Chong et al., 2004
During the initial phase of an outbreak, symptoms of anxiety and acute stress usually prevailed, whereas during the repair phase, symptoms of depression and avoidance arise.
“Nevertheless, our results are consistent with studies that highlight that during the initial phase of the outbreak, the symptoms of anxiety and acute stress usually prevailed, whether during the “repair” phase, when the infection starts to be under control, usually symptoms of depression and avoidance arise [49].”
From Anxiety, depression and risk of post-traumatic stress disorder in health workers: the relationship with burnout during COVID-19 pandemic in Italy (2021) · cites this paper as [49]
HCWs are at particular risk of adverse psychological outcomes, including stress, anxiety, depression, distress, insomnia, emotional exhaustion, burnout, and post-traumatic stress disorder, during the COVID-19 pandemic.
“Consistently with the results of many studies on the psychological impact of past pandemics on health professionals [14,15,16], the literature published until now about COVID-19 revealed that HCWs are at particular risk of adverse psychological outcomes, i.e., of developing more severe mental symptoms, including stress, anxiety, depression, distress, insomnia, emotional exhaustion, burnout, as wel”
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- Authors
- Chong, M.-Y., Wang, W.-C., Hsieh, W.-C., Lee, C.-Y., Chiu, N.-M., Yeh, W.-C., Huang, T.-L., Wen, J.-K., & Chen, C.-L.
- Affiliations
- Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Chong, Mian-Yoon
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2004-08
- Volume
- 185
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 127-133
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2108084326
- Cited by
- 724
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 129 · 2021: 278 · 2020: 162 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 6.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Keywords
- SARS, healthcare workers, psychological impact, psychiatric morbidity, occupational stress, anxiety, depression, infection exposure, tertiary care hospital
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety, Attitude of Health Personnel, Mental Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Medical Staff, Hospital, Middle Aged, Occupational Diseases, Perception, Risk Factors, Taiwan, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
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